{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:12:04Z","timestamp":1787962324540,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]],"date-time":"2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]],"date-time":"2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]],"date-time":"2016-12-22T19:34:57Z","timestamp":1482435297000},"page":"367-376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and assessment of treatment response through analyses of volatile compound patterns in exhaled breath samples"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Nicola M.","family":"Zetola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chawangwa","family":"Modongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ogopotse","family":"Matsiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsaone","family":"Tamuhla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bontle","family":"Mbongwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keikantse","family":"Matlhagela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enoch","family":"Sepako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandro","family":"Catini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Sirugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Paolesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corrado","family":"Di Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2015.08.041","article-title":"Breath analysis: technical developments and challenges in the monitoring of human exposure to volatile organic compounds","volume":"1002","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S164","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ613","article-title":"A blueprint to address research gaps in the development of biomarkers for pediatric tuberculosis","volume":"61","author":"Nicol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70257-2","article-title":"Point-of-care tuberculosis diagnosis: are we there yet?","volume":"12","author":"Denkinger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib4","first-page":"50","article-title":"Direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum: a validation study using solid phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry","volume":"1012\u20131013","author":"Mourao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2015.01.045","article-title":"Direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum using combined solid phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry","volume":"986\u2013987","author":"Dang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e76263","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076263","article-title":"Validation of biomarkers for distinguishing Mycobacterium tuberculosis from non-tuberculous mycobacteria using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and chemometrics","volume":"8","author":"Dang","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2374","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.6694","article-title":"Development and optimization of a gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry method for the analysis of thermochemolytic degradation products of phthiocerol dimycocerosate waxes found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"27","author":"Nicoara","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32836","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032836","article-title":"Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of methyl mycocerosates released by thermochemolysis","volume":"7","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2008.12.039","article-title":"Analysis of fatty acids in sputum from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry preceded by solid-phase microextraction and post-derivatization on the fiber","volume":"1216","author":"Cha","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib10","first-page":"161","article-title":"Gas chromatographic detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in pure cultures from respiratory specimens","volume":"104","author":"Dorneanu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2006.03.004","article-title":"Volatile biomarkers of pulmonary tuberculosis in the breath","volume":"87","author":"Phillips","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2008.01.002","article-title":"The scent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"88","author":"Syhre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2009.04.003","article-title":"The scent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis\u2013part II breath","volume":"89","author":"Syhre","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.3762\/bjoc.8.31","article-title":"The volatiles of pathogenic and nonpathogenic mycobacteria and related bacteria","volume":"8","author":"Nawrath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Beilstein J Org Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2559","DOI":"10.1039\/C5LC00283D","article-title":"Through the years with on-a-chip gas chromatography: a review","volume":"15","author":"Hahgighi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1021\/cr068121q","article-title":"Electronic nose: current status and future trends","volume":"108","author":"Rock","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro823","article-title":"Electronic noses and disease diagnostics","volume":"2","author":"Turner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"046002","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/9\/4\/046002","article-title":"Comparison of classification methods in breath analysis by electronic nose","volume":"9","author":"Leopold","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Breath Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01591-05","article-title":"Prospects for clinical application of electronic-nose technology to early detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in culture and sputum","volume":"44","author":"Fend","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00019114","article-title":"Detecting active pulmonary tuberculosis with a breath test using nanomaterial-based sensors","volume":"43","author":"Nakhleh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2006.09.038","article-title":"Metalloporphyrins based artificially olfactory receptors","volume":"121","author":"Di Natale","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sens Actuators B"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8121","DOI":"10.3390\/s150408121","article-title":"Corroles-porphyrins: a team work for gas sensor arrays","volume":"15","author":"Capuano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib23","article-title":"Porphyrinoids for chemical sensor applications","author":"Paolesse","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16491","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16491","article-title":"The lung cancer breath signature: a comparative analysis of exhaled breath and air sampled from inside the lungs","volume":"5","author":"Capuano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2009.11.003","article-title":"An investigation on electronic nose diagnosis of lung cancer","volume":"68","author":"D'Amico","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lung cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib26","series-title":"Pathways to better diagnostics for tuberculosis: a blueprint for the development of TB diagnostics","author":"Organization WH","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"026006","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/10\/2\/026006","article-title":"A dual center study to compare breath volatile organic compounds from smokers and non-smokers with and without COPD","volume":"10","author":"Gaida","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Breath Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"026004","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/10\/2\/026004","article-title":"Measurement of exhaled volatile organic compounds from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using closed gas loop GC-IMS and GC-APCI-MS","volume":"10","author":"Allers","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Breath Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib29","series-title":"Botswana National Tuberculosis Programme Report","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib30","unstructured":"Government of Botswana. Botswana national HIV & AIDS treatment guidelines."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2007.12.007","article-title":"2D bitmapping approach for identification and quantitation of common base flavor adulterants using surface acoustic wave arrays and artificial neural network data analysis","volume":"608","author":"Sobel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00175a032","article-title":"Detection of hazardous vapors including mixtures using pattern recognition analysis of responses from surface acoustic wave devices","volume":"60","author":"Rose-Pehrsson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib33","article-title":"Synthesis and properties of metalloporphyrins","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Buchler","year":"1978"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/s16040466","article-title":"Identification of a large pool of microorganisms with an array of porphyrin based gas sensors","volume":"16","author":"Zetola","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2015.04.018","article-title":"Assessment of metals in detection of TB biomarkers: novel computational approach","volume":"161","author":"Ray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mater Chem Phys"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib36","first-page":"340","article-title":"Resolution of the acute-phase response in West African patients receiving treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"4","author":"Lawn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.02.007","article-title":"Immune parameters as markers of tuberculosis extent of disease and early prediction of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy response","volume":"56","author":"Djoba Siawaya","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.12.030","article-title":"Paradoxical reactions and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in tuberculosis","volume":"32","author":"Bell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197810262991705","article-title":"Problems of spectrum and bias in evaluating the efficacy of diagnostic tests","volume":"299","author":"Ransohoff","year":"1978","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016344531630336X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016344531630336X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T21:23:33Z","timestamp":1759008213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016344531630336X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S016344531630336X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-4453"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-4453","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and assessment of treatment response through analyses of volatile compound patterns in exhaled breath samples","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.12.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}