{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T11:45:07Z","timestamp":1792755907989,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1155066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1155066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T03:42:34Z","timestamp":1685590954000},"page":"95-102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["4CMenB sustained vaccine effectiveness against invasive meningococcal B disease and gonorrhoea at three years post programme implementation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Bing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne","family":"Giles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prabha","family":"Andraweera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"McMillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Almond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Beazley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Ahoure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Denehy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Flood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.04.020","article-title":"Case fatality rates of invasive meningococcal disease by serogroup and age: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark S, Campbell H, Mensah AA, Lekshmi A, Walker A, Ribeiro S, et al. An increase in group B invasive meningococcal disease among adolescents and young adults in england following easing of COVID-19 containment measures. Available at SSRN; 2021.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3998164"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10050907","article-title":"Changes in invasive Neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus influenzae infections in France during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"10","author":"Deghmane","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.07.034","article-title":"Methods to evaluate serogroup B meningococcal vaccines: from predictions to real-world evidence","volume":"81","author":"Borrow","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00812-4","article-title":"Effectiveness of a serogroup B outer membrane vesicle meningococcal vaccine against gonorrhoea: a retrospective observational study","volume":"22","author":"Abara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1341","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac436","article-title":"Prevention of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with meningococcal B vaccine: a matched cohort study in Southern California","volume":"76","author":"Bruxvoort","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10102","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31449-6","article-title":"Effectiveness of a group B outer membrane vesicle meningococcal vaccine against gonorrhoea in New Zealand: a retrospective case-control study","volume":"390","author":"Petousis-Harris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00754-4","article-title":"Effectiveness and impact of the 4CMenB vaccine against invasive serogroup B meningococcal disease and gonorrhoea in an infant, child, and adolescent programme: an observational cohort and case-control study","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2206.151093","article-title":"Ecologic study of meningococcal B vaccine and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection, Norway","volume":"22","author":"Whelan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001771","article-title":"Meningococcus B vaccination effectiveness against Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in people living with HIV: a case-control study","volume":"50","author":"Raccagni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0128-6","article-title":"Gonorrhoea","volume":"5","author":"Unemo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Prim"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01668-19","article-title":"Genetic similarity of gonococcal homologs to meningococcal outer membrane proteins of serogroup B vaccine","volume":"10","author":"Marjuki","year":"2019","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy1061","article-title":"The serogroup B meningococcal vaccine bexsero elicits antibodies to Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"69","author":"Semchenko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2022.2021881","article-title":"Real-world implementation of 4-component meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB): implications for clinical practices","volume":"21","author":"Sohn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccin"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1827614","article-title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of the 4CMenB vaccine against invasive meningococcal disease and gonorrhoea in an infant, child and adolescent program: protocol","volume":"17","author":"Marshall","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1901229","article-title":"Vaccination of infants with meningococcal group B vaccine (4CMenB) in England","volume":"382","author":"Ladhani","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10061","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31921-3","article-title":"Effectiveness and impact of a reduced infant schedule of 4CMenB vaccine against group B meningococcal disease in England: a national observational cohort study","volume":"388","author":"Parikh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2018.11.009","article-title":"Varicella vaccine effectiveness over 10 years in Australia; moderate protection from 1-dose program","volume":"78","author":"Quinn","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e233","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1636","article-title":"Impact of meningococcal B vaccine on invasive meningococcal disease in adolescents","volume":"73","author":"McMillan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8030469","article-title":"Effectiveness and impact of the 4CMenB vaccine against Group B meningococcal disease in two Italian regions using different vaccination schedules: a five-year retrospective observational study (2014-2018)","volume":"8","author":"Azzari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S159952","article-title":"Meningococcal group B vaccine for the prevention of invasive meningococcal disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B","volume":"12","author":"Rivero-Calle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.20449","article-title":"Association of use of a meningococcus group B vaccine with group B invasive meningococcal disease among children in Portugal","volume":"324","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix154","article-title":"Impact of an immunization campaign to control an increased incidence of serogroup B meningococcal disease in one region of Quebec, Canada","volume":"64","author":"De Wals","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.06.021","article-title":"Impact of a mass vaccination campaign against Serogroup B meningococcal disease in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec four years after its launch","volume":"37","author":"Deceuninck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.04.031","article-title":"Recent advances in meningococcal B disease prevention: real-world evidence from 4CMenB vaccination","volume":"83","author":"Martinon-Torres","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/em-2018-0010","article-title":"Analysing interrupted time series with a control","volume":"8","author":"Bottomley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epidemiol Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib27","article-title":"Australian meningococcal surveillance programme annual report, 2021","volume":"46","author":"Lahra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3187","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03187","article-title":"Human immune responses and the natural history of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection","volume":"9","author":"Lovett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab444","article-title":"B part of it school leaver study: a repeat cross-sectional study to assess the impact of increasing coverage with meningococcal B (4CMenB) vaccine on carriage of Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"225","author":"McMillan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00002-0","article-title":"Is the end of gonorrhoea in sight","volume":"22","author":"Ong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1900236","article-title":"Meningococcal B vaccine and meningococcal carriage in adolescents in Australia","volume":"382","author":"Marshall","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163445323003006?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163445323003006?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T21:36:21Z","timestamp":1759008981000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0163445323003006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0163445323003006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-4453"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-4453","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"4CMenB sustained vaccine effectiveness against invasive meningococcal B disease and gonorrhoea at three years post programme implementation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.05.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}