{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T14:22:15Z","timestamp":1788790935457,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T12:45:24Z","timestamp":1755693924000},"page":"106599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pentraxin-3, MyD88, GLP-1, and PD-L1: Performance assessment and composite algorithmic analysis for sepsis identification"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1063-3237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Bauer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4379-9516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noa","family":"Galtung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0115-5527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Geserick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajan","family":"Somasundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4058-9337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Diehl-Wiesenecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6976-0428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Kappert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-024-05032-9","article-title":"Enhancing sepsis biomarker development: key considerations from public and private perspectives","volume":"28","author":"Llitjos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.6004","article-title":"Assessment of health care exposures and outcomes in adult patients with sepsis and septic shock","volume":"3","author":"Fay","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-021-00747-0","article-title":"Host diagnostic biomarkers of infection in the ICU: where are we and where are we going?","volume":"23","author":"Heffernan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-025-07873-6","article-title":"Sepsis subphenotypes, theragnostics and personalized sepsis care","volume":"51","author":"Antcliffe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-02993-5","article-title":"Biomarkers of sepsis: time for a reappraisal","volume":"24","author":"Pierrakos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-022-01715-z","article-title":"PCSK9 promotes endothelial dysfunction during sepsis via the TLR4\/MyD88\/NF-kappaB and NLRP3 pathways","volume":"46","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2005.02840.x","article-title":"The paradox of matrix metalloproteinases in infectious disease","volume":"142","author":"Elkington","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8911","article-title":"The diagnostic value of serum leptin monitoring and its correlation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study","volume":"14","author":"Yousef","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2025.110878","article-title":"CXCL5 as a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis: a comprehensive clinical evaluation","volume":"136","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104569","article-title":"Role of Fractalkine in promoting inflammation in sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction","volume":"85","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01888","article-title":"Different expression characteristics of LAG3 and PD-1 in sepsis and their synergistic effect on T cell exhaustion: a new strategy for immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"10","author":"Niu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1443","article-title":"The function of programmed cell death 1 and its ligands in regulating autoimmunity and infection","volume":"8","author":"Sharpe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2606-3","article-title":"Diagnostic value of Pentraxin-3 in patients with sepsis and septic shock in accordance with latest sepsis-3 definitions","volume":"17","author":"Hamed","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2024.156530","article-title":"Natural variability of TRAIL, IP-10, and CRP in healthy adults \u2013\u00a0the \"HERACLES\" study","volume":"176","author":"Langedijk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2982","article-title":"Sepsis-induced activation of endogenous GLP-1 system is enhanced in type 2 diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Perl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac437","article-title":"Detection of viral infection and bacterial coinfection and superinfection in coronavirus disease 2019 patients presenting to the emergency department using the 29-mRNA host response classifier IMX-BVN-3: a multicenter study","volume":"9","author":"Bauer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005119","article-title":"A novel 29-messenger RNA host-response assay from whole blood accurately identifies bacterial and viral infections in patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected infections: a prospective observational study","volume":"49","author":"Bauer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09394-x","article-title":"Blood calprotectin as a biomarker for infection and sepsis \u2013 the prospective CASCADE trial","volume":"24","author":"Diehl-Wiesenecker","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01709751","article-title":"The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction\/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"22","author":"Vincent","year":"1996","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib21","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. 4.3.0 (2023-04-21)","author":"R Core Team","year":"2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.2307\/2531595","article-title":"Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach","volume":"44","author":"DeLong","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-025-07948-4","article-title":"Beyond inflammation: the role of metabolic dysregulation in sepsis diagnosis and treatment","volume":"51","author":"Payen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5852","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27870","article-title":"The diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein for sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"120","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S346","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir050","article-title":"Procalcitonin as a biomarker in respiratory tract infection","volume":"52","author":"Gilbert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802670","article-title":"Procalcitonin-guided use of antibiotics for lower respiratory tract infection","volume":"379","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0795-7","article-title":"Procalcitonin-guided diagnosis and antibiotic stewardship revisited","volume":"15","author":"Sager","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163445325001999?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163445325001999?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T08:11:56Z","timestamp":1757837516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0163445325001999"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0163445325001999"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-4453"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-4453","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pentraxin-3, MyD88, GLP-1, and PD-L1: Performance assessment and composite algorithmic analysis for sepsis identification","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106599","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Infection Association.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106599"}}