{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T19:36:50Z","timestamp":1792093010839,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011680","name":"King Fahad Medical City","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011680","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011870","name":"Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011870","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,9]],"date-time":"2021-01-09T23:34:23Z","timestamp":1610235263000},"page":"152-157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Risk factors, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and patient outcomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: A matched case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Fatima A.","family":"Alhussain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagarajkumar","family":"Yenugadhati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad A.","family":"Al Eidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameera","family":"Al Johani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5268-6492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Motasim","family":"Badri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201302-0262UP","article-title":"Update in pulmonary infections 2012","volume":"187","author":"Rello","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000194725.48928.3A","article-title":"Sepsis in European intensive care units: results of the SOAP study","volume":"34","author":"Vincent","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1321487","article-title":"Evaluation of risk factors for antibiotic resistance in patients with nosocomial infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"2016","author":"Sonmezer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina46070071","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: resistance to antibiotics, risk factors, and patient mortality","volume":"46","author":"Vitkauskiene","year":"2010","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S94","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/130.Supplement.S94","article-title":"Extracellular toxins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"130 Suppl(0","author":"Liu","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0030","series-title":"Global Priority List of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria to Guide Research, Discovery, and Development of New Antibiotics","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0035","first-page":"1012","article-title":"[Risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, resistant to carbapenem]","volume":"114","author":"Ghibu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2016.9.14211","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of Gram-negative bacilli causing blood stream infection in patients with malignancy","volume":"37","author":"Al-Otaibi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2014.08.006","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections pose growing threat to health care-associated infection control in the hospitals of Southern China: a case-control surveillance study","volume":"42","author":"Peng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S146","DOI":"10.1086\/320186","article-title":"Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates: occurrence rates, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and molecular typing in the global SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997\u20131999","volume":"32 Suppl 2","author":"Gales","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"636","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0055","first-page":"638","article-title":"Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii infections among hospitalized patients: risk factors and outcomes","volume":"57","author":"Shanthi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000510","article-title":"Global prospective epidemiologic and surveillance study of ventilator-associated pneumonia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"42","author":"Kollef","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7363","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.22.7363-7372.1993","article-title":"Multiple antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: evidence for involvement of an efflux operon","volume":"175","author":"Poole","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2019.04.001","article-title":"Emergence of antibiotic resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care unit; a critical review","volume":"6","author":"Pachori","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0075","series-title":"Annual Epidemiological Report 2016 \u2013 Healthcare-Associated Infections Acquired in Intensive Care Units","author":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0080","first-page":"54","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in regional tertiary care hospitals of Saudi Arabia","volume":"5","author":"Alkeshan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iosr J Dent Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(97)00180-6","article-title":"The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of gram-negative bacterial isolates in two ICUs in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait","volume":"30","author":"Rotimi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0090","first-page":"28","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and metallo-\u03b2-lactamase production among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Makkah hospitals","author":"Asghar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.4103\/0256-4947.67073","article-title":"Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative isolates in an adult intensive care unit at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia","volume":"30","author":"Al Johani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02365-12","article-title":"Extended-infusion cefepime reduces mortality in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections","volume":"57","author":"Bauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-2994-3-32","article-title":"Clinical and economic consequences of hospital-acquired resistant and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Nathwani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0110","series-title":"Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion. National Healthcare Safety Network. Patient Safety Component Manual","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0115","series-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance","volume":"18","author":"Magiorakos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2008.07.018","article-title":"Hospital economic impact of an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections","volume":"71","author":"Bou","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2011.05.007","article-title":"Identifying new risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in intensive care units: experience of the French national surveillance, REA-RAISIN","volume":"79","author":"Venier","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2014.06.018","article-title":"Risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquisition in intensive care units: a prospective multicentre study","volume":"88","author":"Venier","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.1.43-48.2006","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: risk factors and clinical impact","volume":"50","author":"Aloush","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0145","first-page":"1095","article-title":"Risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in Thai patients","volume":"85","author":"Siripassorn","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2008.03.029","article-title":"Incidence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: a population-based study","volume":"121","author":"Al-Hasan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.67.118","article-title":"Appropriate sampling sites for the surveillance of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization","volume":"67","author":"Araoka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.479-487.2005","article-title":"Aminoglycoside resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"49","author":"Poole","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/37.4.809","article-title":"Comparative distribution of resistance patterns and serotypes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from intensive care units and other wards","volume":"37","author":"Bert","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7581036","article-title":"Clinical predictors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in emergency department","volume":"2018","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Med Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-004-2382-6","article-title":"Patterns of colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intubated patients: a 3-year prospective study of 1,607 isolates using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with implications for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"30","author":"Valles","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.09.008","article-title":"Tracheostomy and related host-pathogen interaction are associated with airway inflammation as characterized by tracheal aspirate analysis","volume":"103","author":"Pignatti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2015.54","article-title":"Prevalence of device-associated nosocomial infections caused by gram-negative Bacteria in a trauma intensive care unit in Libya","volume":"30","author":"Zorgani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oman Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(77)90869-5","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in a dialysis unit. 11. Relationship to reuse of coils","volume":"62","author":"Wagnild","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1701-1","article-title":"Risk factors to predict drug-resistant pathogens in hemodialysis-associated pneumonia","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034120307498?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034120307498?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T15:07:41Z","timestamp":1761750461000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1876034120307498"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1876034120307498"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-0341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-0341","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk factors, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and patient outcomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: A matched case-control study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.11.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}