{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T12:56:47Z","timestamp":1770901007452,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]],"date-time":"2021-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009392","name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011665","name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T12:09:40Z","timestamp":1637150980000},"page":"1-6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Early oral switch to combined cefixime therapy for management of osteoarticular infections in pediatric sickle cell disease patients: A descriptive analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yahya A.","family":"Mohzari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renad","family":"Alshuraim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1533-9667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin","family":"Asdaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fahad","family":"Aljobair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Alrashed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0450-9846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yazed Saleh","family":"Alsowaida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amnah","family":"Alamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manea Fares","family":"Al Munjem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed I.","family":"Al Musawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhannad","family":"Hatata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meshal A.","family":"Alzaaqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aljawharah","family":"Binrokan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saleh Ahmad","family":"Alajlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivo","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2091-1376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Alamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200009000-00025","article-title":"Retrospective review of osteoarticular infections in a pediatric sickle cell age group","volume":"20","author":"Chambers","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0010","series-title":"Sickle cell disease in childhood: standards and recommendations for clinical care","author":"Sickle Cell Society","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0015","series-title":"GeneReviews\u00ae [internet]","first-page":"1993","article-title":"Sickle cell disease","author":"Bender","year":"2003"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.2.160027","article-title":"Paediatric bone and joint infection","volume":"2","author":"Iliadis","year":"2017","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05476.x","article-title":"Bone involvement in sickle cell disease","volume":"129","author":"Almeida","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.274065142","article-title":"Musculoskeletal manifestations of sickle cell disease","volume":"27","author":"Ejindu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/949535","article-title":"Beyond the definitions of the phenotypic complications of sickle cell disease: an update on management","volume":"2012","author":"Ballas","year":"2012","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199345010-00004","article-title":"Osteomyelitis","volume":"45","author":"Dirschl","year":"1993","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0045","first-page":"208","article-title":"Intravenous versus oral outpatient antibiotic therapy for pediatric acute osteomyelitis","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1465","article-title":"Complications of central venous catheters used for the treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis","volume":"117","author":"Ruebner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-0596","article-title":"Prolonged intravenous therapy versus early transition to oral antimicrobial therapy for acute osteomyelitis in children","volume":"123","author":"Zaoutis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.2822","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of intravenous vs oral antibiotics for postdischarge treatment of acute osteomyelitis in children","volume":"169","author":"Keren","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070602701003","article-title":"Oral antimicrobial therapy for diabetic foot osteomyelitis","volume":"27","author":"Embil","year":"2006","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.5.1198","article-title":"Penetration and bactericidal activity of cefixime in synovial fluid","volume":"40","author":"Somekh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3352\/jeehp.2013.10.12","article-title":"The retrospective chart review: important methodological considerations","volume":"10","author":"Vassar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Educ Eval Health Prof"},{"issue":"Dec (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0080","first-page":"398","article-title":"Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in sickle cell disease in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia","volume":"16","author":"Al-Salem","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0085","series-title":"Manual for identification of medical bacteria","first-page":"77","author":"Cowan","year":"1970"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0090","first-page":"28","article-title":"Package \u2018survival\u2019","volume":"2128","author":"Therneau","year":"2015","journal-title":"R Top Doc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.66","article-title":"The use and interpretation of the Friedman test in the analysis of ordinal-scale data in repeated measures designs","volume":"1","author":"Sheldon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Physiother Res Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.182416","article-title":"Biostatistics series module 3: comparing groups: numerical variables","volume":"61","author":"Hazra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0105","series-title":"Ggplot2","author":"Wickham","year":"2016"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0110","first-page":"19","article-title":"The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recommended measures of effect size","volume":"1","author":"Tomczak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Sport Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200112000-00007","article-title":"Differentiation between bone infarction and acute osteomyelitis in children with sickle-cell disease with use of sequential radionuclide bone-marrow and bone scans","volume":"83","author":"Skaggs","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20160130","article-title":"Imaging of musculoskeletal manifestations in sickle cell disease patients","volume":"90","author":"Kosaraju","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2008.545","article-title":"Sickle cell disease in children: differentiating osteomyelitis from vaso-occlusive crisis","volume":"163","author":"Berger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05476.x","article-title":"Bone involvement in sickle cell disease","volume":"129","author":"Almeida","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2007.07.017","article-title":"Acute bone crises in sickle cell disease: the T1 fat-saturated sequence in differentiation of acute bone infarcts from acute osteomyelitis","volume":"63","author":"Jain","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"Jun (6)","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0140","article-title":"Dilemma in differentiating between acute osteomyelitis and bone infarction in children with sickle cell disease: the role of ultrasound","volume":"8","author":"Inusa","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0145","first-page":"236","article-title":"Bacterial osteomyelitis in major sickling haemoglobinopathies: geographic difference in pathogen prevalence","volume":"6","author":"Thanni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2005.00590.x","article-title":"Sickle cell anemia in Guadeloupean children: pattern and prevalence of acute clinical events","volume":"76","author":"Tarer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/10.1.103","article-title":"Lessons learned from animal models of osteomyelitis","volume":"10","author":"Norden","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198008143030703","article-title":"Osteomyelitis: the past decade","volume":"303","author":"Waldvogel","year":"1980","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.01.005","article-title":"Duration of post-surgical antibiotics in chronic osteomyelitis: empiric or evidence-based?","volume":"14","author":"Haidar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20070501-12","article-title":"Recurrence of chronic osteomyelitis in a regenerated fibula after 65 years","volume":"30","author":"Al-Maiyah","year":"2007","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1999.tb01305.x","article-title":"Reactivation of osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus after 50 years","volume":"47","author":"Donati","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"Jan (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1710926","article-title":"Oral versus intravenous antibiotics for bone and joint infection","volume":"380","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1970.03170370021003","article-title":"Chronic osteomyelitis. I. Factors affecting the results of treatment in 186 patients","volume":"213","author":"West","year":"1970","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.33B1.110","article-title":"First recurrence of osteomyelitis eighty years after infection","volume":"33-B","author":"Gallie","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.76.898.479","article-title":"Pathophysiology of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis: why do antibiotics fail so often?","volume":"76","author":"Ciampolini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0200","article-title":"Antibiotics for treating osteomyelitis in people with sickle cell disease","volume":"11","author":"Marti-Carvajal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05476.x","article-title":"Bone involvement in sickle cell disease","volume":"129","author":"Almeida","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"Aug (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-199608000-00004","article-title":"Outpatient therapy with ceftriaxone and oral cefixime for selected febrile children with sickle cell disease","volume":"18","author":"Williams","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"Feb (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.2822","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of intravenous vs oral antibiotics for postdischarge treatment of acute osteomyelitis in children","volume":"169","author":"Keren","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0220","series-title":"Bone and joint infections","author":"Saavedra","year":"2017"},{"issue":"May (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.5.1198","article-title":"Penetration and bactericidal activity of cefixime in synovial fluid","volume":"40","author":"Somekh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.07.009","article-title":"Adult osteomyelitis","volume":"19","author":"Calhoun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2006.09.004","article-title":"Optimal duration of antibiotic therapy in vertebral osteomyelitis","volume":"36","author":"Roblot","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704033361406","article-title":"Osteomyelitis","volume":"336","author":"Lew","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006_bib0245","series-title":"Musculoskeletal infections","first-page":"173","article-title":"Adult long bone osteomyelitis","author":"Mader","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034121003695?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034121003695?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T15:12:23Z","timestamp":1761750743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1876034121003695"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1876034121003695"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-0341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-0341","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Early oral switch to combined cefixime therapy for management of osteoarticular infections in pediatric sickle cell disease patients: A descriptive analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.11.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}