{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T04:20:09Z","timestamp":1786681209385,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011665","name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007446","name":"King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGP.1\/304\/44"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.1\/304\/44"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T15:55:47Z","timestamp":1698076547000},"page":"61-68","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"special_numbering":"S1","title":["Antibiotics resistance as a major public health concern: A pharmaco-epidemiological study to evaluate prevalence and antibiotics susceptibility-resistance pattern of bacterial isolates from multiple teaching hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2537-2399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasreena","family":"Bashir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas S.","family":"Dablool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Inam","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meshari G.","family":"Almalki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alshebli","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mushtaq Ahmad","family":"Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9068-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alashary Adam Eisa","family":"Hamdoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Ahmed","family":"Elawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osama F.","family":"Mosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2814-3199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laziz N.","family":"Niyazov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Modawy Elnour Modawy","family":"Elkhalifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mashael A.","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amjad","family":"Anwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4299-2445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ayaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2018.03.004","article-title":"Prevalence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in a wastewater effluent-receiving river in the Netherlands","volume":"8","author":"Sabri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Environ Chem Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1184071","article-title":"Novel antimicrobials and antibiotics resistance modulating agents from natural products: Turning promises into Triumphs","volume":"14","author":"Mostafa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.2741\/4513","article-title":"Cellular efflux transporters and the potential role of natural products in combating efflux mediated drug resistance","volume":"22","author":"Ayaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.01.086","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli in leachates from municipal solid waste landfills: comparison between semi-aerobic and anaerobic operations","volume":"113","author":"Threedeach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2019.05.050","article-title":"Synergistic interactions of phytochemicals with antimicrobial agents: Potential strategy to counteract drug resistance","volume":"308","author":"Ayaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem-Biol Interact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sertraline enhances the activity of antimicrobial agents against pathogens of clinical relevance","volume":"22","author":"Ayaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Biol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.2174\/9781681086378119050006","article-title":"Nanoantibiotics: recent developments and future prospects","volume":"5","author":"Ovais","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Clin Drug Res Anti Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10101310","article-title":"Bacterial antibiotic resistance: the most critical pathogens","volume":"10","author":"Mancuso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41545-020-0050-1","article-title":"Correlation appraisal of antibiotic resistance with fecal, metal and microplastic contamination in a tropical Indian river, lakes and sewage","volume":"3","author":"Ram","year":"2020","journal-title":"NPJ Clean Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2013.45.1.22","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Asia: current epidemiology and clinical implications","volume":"45","author":"Kang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-018-0309-1","article-title":"Prevalence of extended-spectrum-\u03b2-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: first systematic meta-analysis report from Pakistan","volume":"7","author":"Abrar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib12","first-page":"1041","article-title":"In vitro synergistic effect of ciprofloxacin with aminoglycosides against multidrug resistant-Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"26","author":"Yasmin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pak J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30483-3","article-title":"Outbreak investigation of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and its risk factors among the general population in Hyderabad, Pakistan: a matched case-control study","volume":"18","author":"Qamar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib14","first-page":"101","article-title":"Bacterial pathogens responsible for blood stream infection (BSI) and pattern of drug resistance in a tertiary care hospital of Lahore","volume":"25","author":"Latif","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomedica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.1050","article-title":"Frequency and susceptibility pattern of metallo-beta-lactamase producers in a hospital in Pakistan","volume":"4","author":"Kaleem","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2106.141504","article-title":"KPC and NDM-1 genes in related Enterobacteriaceae strains and plasmids from Pakistan and the United States","volume":"21","author":"Pesesky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib17","article-title":"Plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: first report from Pakistan","volume":"52","author":"Hameed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev da Soc Bras De Med Trop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F52","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.87.1.F52","article-title":"Multidrug resistant neonatal sepsis in Peshawar, Pakistan","volume":"87","author":"Rahman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child-Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib19","first-page":"4","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: universal emergency","volume":"11","author":"Abid","year":"2019","journal-title":"KHYBER Med Univ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jfs.12941","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of multidrug\u2010resistant Escherichia coli O157: H7 from dairy milk in the Peshawar region of Pakistan","volume":"41","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Food Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3283013959","article-title":"Hospital antibiotic stewardship","volume":"21","author":"Lesprit","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06043-5","article-title":"Antibiotic stewardship program in Pakistan: a multicenter qualitative study exploring medical doctors' knowledge, perception and practices","volume":"21","author":"Atif","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.01.029","article-title":"Optimizing antibiotic therapies to reduce the risk of bacterial resistance","volume":"99","author":"Bassetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-04819-6","article-title":"The impact of antimicrobial stewardship program designed to shorten antibiotics use on the incidence of resistant bacterial infections and mortality","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib25","article-title":"Association between antimicrobial stewardship programs and antibiotic use globally: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Ya","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib26","first-page":"1269","article-title":"Citalopram and venlafaxine differentially augments antimicrobial properties of antibiotics, Acta Polon Pharm","volume":"72","author":"Ayaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Polon Pharm Drug Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib27","first-page":"198","article-title":"Frequency of uropathogenic bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in paediatric patients at a tertiary care hospital","volume":"27","author":"Hussain","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjtb.2015.09.022","article-title":"Prevalence of multi-drug resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Potohar region of Pakistan","volume":"6","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-05906-1","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in Pakistan: a systematic review of past decade","volume":"21","author":"Bilal","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103855","article-title":"Twelve-year trend of Escherichia coli antibiotic resistance in the Islamabad population","volume":"78","author":"Bangash","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib31","first-page":"3","article-title":"Global methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections and current research trends","volume":"1","author":"Gallagher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib32","first-page":"312","article-title":"Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a multicentre study","volume":"52","author":"Hafiz","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib33","first-page":"62","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in a secondary care hospital in Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu & Kashmir","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-014-0044-2","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance mechanisms of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from 12 Hospitals in Turkey","volume":"13","author":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.54393\/pbmj.v6i01.844","article-title":"Antibacterial activities of various antibiotics against klebsiella pneumoniae in clinical isolates: antibiotics against clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae","author":"Abbas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak Biomed J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib36","article-title":"Frequency of various bacteria and their antibiotics sensitivity in neonatal sepsis at tertiary care hospital","volume":"9","author":"Haq","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Saidu Med Coll"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.04.007","article-title":"Trends in antibiotic susceptibility and incidence of late-onset Klebsiella pneumoniae neonatal sepsis over a six-year period in a neonatal intensive care unit in Karachi, Pakistan","volume":"17","author":"Saleem","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib38","first-page":"676","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and ESBL prevalence in Klebsiella pneumoniae from urinary tract infections in the North-West of Pakistan","volume":"3","author":"Ullah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Afr J Microbiol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019_bib39","article-title":"Prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria among the clinical samples from different hospitals of peshawar, Pakistan","volume":"16","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pak J Med Health Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S187603412300326X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S187603412300326X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T15:19:01Z","timestamp":1761751141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S187603412300326X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S187603412300326X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-0341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-0341","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antibiotics resistance as a major public health concern: A pharmaco-epidemiological study to evaluate prevalence and antibiotics susceptibility-resistance pattern of bacterial isolates from multiple teaching hospitals","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.09.019","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}