{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:33:43Z","timestamp":1790735623094,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008795","name":"Manitoba Medical Service Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8\u20132018-08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8\u20132018-08"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008795","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["950\u2013231498"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["950\u2013231498"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT-175098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT-175098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T05:27:31Z","timestamp":1698557251000},"page":"35-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Stigmatization of Ebola virus disease survivors in 2022: A cross-sectional study of survivors in Sierra Leone"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Brayden G.","family":"Schindell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia B.","family":"Kangbai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souradet Y.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3305-7084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"Kindrachuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib1","unstructured":"History of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Outbreaks. 2022. (Accessed December 1, 2022, at \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vhf\/ebola\/history\/chronology.html#print.)\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09469-9","article-title":"Conducting mixed-methods research with Ebola survivors in a complex setting in Sierra Leone","volume":"20","author":"Alva","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13226","article-title":"Post-Ebola psychosocial experiences and coping mechanisms among Ebola survivors: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"James","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib4","article-title":"Post-Ebola symptoms 7 years after infection: the natural history of long Ebola","author":"Wohl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmmh.2022.100064","article-title":"A post-outbreak assessment of exposure proximity and Ebola virus disease-related stigma among community members in Kono District, Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional study","volume":"2","author":"Davidson","year":"2022","journal-title":"SSM Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-020-01904-x","article-title":"Psychological distress among adults from the urban and rural areas affected by the Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"56","author":"Cenat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30516-3","article-title":"Multidisciplinary assessment of post-Ebola sequelae in Guinea (Postebogui): an observational cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Etard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00322.x","article-title":"Survey among survivors of the 1995 Ebola epidemic in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo: their feelings and experiences","volume":"3","author":"De Roo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy239","article-title":"Care of Ebola survivors and factors associated with clinical sequelae-Monrovia, Liberia","volume":"5","author":"de St Maurice","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib10","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Ebola virus disease stigmatization; the role of societal attributes","volume":"8","author":"Obilade","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Arch Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.sth.8700012","article-title":"Re-framing stigma: felt and enacted stigma and challenges to the sociology of chronic and disabling conditions","volume":"2","author":"Scambler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc Theory Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.020","article-title":"Associations between COVID-19 related stigma and sleep quality among COVID-19 survivors six months after hospital discharge","volume":"91","author":"Fu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib13","article-title":"Perceived stigma among discharged patients of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a latent profile analysis","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s13149-016-0510-5","article-title":"Groupe d\u2032etude P. [Ebola in Guinea: experience of stigma among health professional survivors]","volume":"109","author":"Sow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2023.07.023","article-title":"Prevalence and factors related to post-traumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms among children and adolescents survivors and orphans of ebola virus disease in Democratic Republic of the Congo eastern regions during the COVID-19 pandemic","author":"Cenat","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-8279-7","article-title":"An assessment of Ebola-related stigma and its association with informal healthcare utilisation among Ebola survivors in Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional study","volume":"20","author":"James","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0206595","article-title":"Stigma and Ebola survivorship in Liberia: results from a longitudinal cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Overholt","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4172\/2165-7548.1000285","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress reactions in Ebola virus disease survivors in Sierra Leone","volume":"05","author":"Hugo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Med: Open Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1805435","article-title":"A longitudinal study of ebola sequelae in Liberia","volume":"380","author":"Group","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib20","unstructured":"Kelsey J.L., Whittemore A.S., Evans A.S., Thompson W.D. Methods of sampling and estimation of sample size. In: Kelsey J.L., Whittemore A.S., Evans A.S., Thompson W.D., eds. Methods in Observation Epidemiology. 2nd ed2007."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib21","article-title":"Ebola virus disease-related stigma among survivors declined in Liberia over an 18-month, post-outbreak period: an observational cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Kelly","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Biomed Inf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap) -- a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-017-3045-1","article-title":"Mobile health clinic for the medical management of clinical sequelae experienced by survivors of the 2013-2016 Ebola virus disease outbreak in Sierra Leone, West Africa","volume":"36","author":"Guetiya Wadoum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib25","unstructured":"Kupferschmidt K. New Ebola outbreak likely sparked by a person infected 5 years ago. Science 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2016-000108","article-title":"Once there is life, there is hope' Ebola survivors' experiences, behaviours and attitudes in Sierra Leone, 2015","volume":"1","author":"Karafillakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.15.158543","article-title":"Psychosocial effects of an Ebola outbreak at individual, community and international levels","volume":"94","author":"Van Bortel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2016.00142","article-title":"Psychological distress among ebola survivors discharged from an Ebola treatment unit in Monrovia, Liberia - a qualitative study","volume":"4","author":"Rabelo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib29","series-title":"Stigma: Introduction and Overview","author":"Dovidio","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26058","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v7.26058","article-title":"Addressing Ebola-related stigma: lessons learned from HIV\/AIDS","volume":"7","author":"Davtyan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2018.157","article-title":"Addressing disease-related stigma during infectious disease outbreaks","volume":"13","author":"Fischer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Disaster Med Public Health Prep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005845","article-title":"We are survivors and not a virus:\" content analysis of media reporting on Ebola survivors in Liberia","volume":"11","author":"Mayrhuber","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2003.028563","article-title":"Understanding and addressing AIDS-related stigma: from anthropological theory to clinical practice in Haiti","volume":"95","author":"Castro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2016.11.016","article-title":"Public health and public trust: survey evidence from the Ebola virus disease epidemic in Liberia","volume":"172","author":"Blair","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034123003611?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034123003611?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T15:19:53Z","timestamp":1761751193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1876034123003611"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1876034123003611"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-0341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-0341","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Stigmatization of Ebola virus disease survivors in 2022: A cross-sectional study of survivors in Sierra Leone","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.10.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}