{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T20:17:23Z","timestamp":1789417043013,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,17]],"date-time":"2024-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T15:49:39Z","timestamp":1711468179000},"page":"922-928","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Seasonal variation of asymptomatic viral and bacterial nasopharyngeal carriage in rural Senegal"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fatou Samba","family":"Diouf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Tidjani Alou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6507-1764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hubert","family":"Bassene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Cortaredona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georges","family":"Diatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Raoult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheikh","family":"Sokhna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Christophe","family":"Lagier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12629","article-title":"Longitudinal active sampling for respiratory viral infections across age groups","volume":"13","author":"Galanti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Virus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174488","article-title":"Bacterial and viral pathogen spectra of acute respiratory infections in under-5 children in hospital settings in Dhaka city","volume":"12","author":"Bhuyan","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib3","article-title":"Asymptomatic Shedding of Respiratory Virus among an Ambulatory Population across Seasons","volume":"3","author":"Birger","year":"2018","journal-title":"MSphere"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix685","article-title":"Asymptomatic Summertime Shedding of Respiratory Viruses","volume":"217","author":"Shaman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ486","article-title":"Community surveillance of respiratory viruses among families in the utah better identification of Germs-Longitudinal Viral Epidemiology (BIG-LoVE) Study","volume":"61","author":"Byington","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21790","article-title":"Viral respiratory infections in hospitalized and community control children in Alaska","volume":"82","author":"Singleton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-020-00368-0","article-title":"Circulation profile of respiratory viruses in symptomatic and asymptomatic children from Midwest Brazil","volume":"51","author":"Castro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10080733","article-title":"COVID-19 shuts doors to flu but keeps them open to rhinoviruses","volume":"10","author":"Kiseleva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib9","article-title":"Asymptomatic shedding of respiratory virus among an ambulatory population across seasons","volume":"3","author":"Birger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Msphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.07.082","article-title":"Asymptomatic infection by SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers: a study in a large teaching hospital in Wuhan, China","volume":"99","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2000.62.639","article-title":"Epidemiological and virological influenza survey in Dakar, Senegal: 1996-1998","volume":"62","author":"Dosseh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-189","article-title":"Respiratory viruses associated with patients older than 50 years presenting with ILI in Senegal, 2009 to 2011","volume":"14","author":"Dia","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0799","article-title":"Enteroviruses and Rhinoviruses: Molecular Epidemiology of the Most Influenza-Like Illness Associated Viruses in Senegal","volume":"95","author":"Fall","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001999","article-title":"Point-of-care laboratory of pathogen diagnosis in rural senegal","volume":"7","author":"Sokhna","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0290","article-title":"Motorcycles, cell phones, and electricity can dramatically change the epidemiology of infectious disease in Africa","volume":"96","author":"Lagier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006945","article-title":"Asymptomatic carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae detected by qPCR on the palm of hands of populations in rural Senegal","volume":"12","author":"Ndiaye","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.04.032","article-title":"Epidemiology of respiratory pathogen carriage in the homeless population within two shelters in Marseille, France, 2015\u20132017: cross sectional 1-day surveys","volume":"25","author":"Ly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2019.04.010","article-title":"Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections at the 2017 Grand Magal de Touba, Senegal: A prospective cohort survey","author":"Hoang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2019.04.010","article-title":"Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections at the 2017 Grand Magal de Touba, Senegal: a prospective cohort survey","author":"Hoang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v025.i01","article-title":"FactoMineR: an r package for multivariate analysis","volume":"25","author":"L\u00ea","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2021.102104","article-title":"Respiratory infections among pilgrims at the Grand Magal of Touba: A comparative cohort controlled survey","volume":"43","author":"Goumballa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101820","article-title":"Pathogens associated with respiratory, gastrointestinal and febrile illness in patients consulting at Mbacke healthcare centre during the 2018 Grand Magal of Touba: a preliminary study","volume":"37","author":"Goumballa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-373","article-title":"Viral etiology and seasonality of influenza-like illness in Gabon, March 2010 to June 2011","volume":"14","author":"Lekana-Douki","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.21010\/ajid.v12i2.13","article-title":"Detection of non-influenza viruses in acute respiratory infections in children under five-year-old in cote d\u2019ivoire (january \u2013 december 2013)","volume":"12","author":"Kadjo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Afr J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1178636119890885","article-title":"Pathogens Causing Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Less Than 5 Years of Age in Senegal","volume":"12","author":"Knobbe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbiol Insights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-1251-y","article-title":"Viral and bacterial etiology of severe acute respiratory illness among children\u2009<\u20095 years of age without influenza in Niger","volume":"15","author":"Lagare","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.203","article-title":"Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics","volume":"1","author":"Lagier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74555-2","article-title":"Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania","volume":"10","author":"Kwiyolecha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2015.05.001","article-title":"Comparison of asymptomatic and symptomatic rhinovirus infections in university students: incidence, species diversity, and viral load","volume":"82","author":"Granados","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.04.195","article-title":"Seasonal variation of respiratory pathogen colonization in asymptomatic health care professionals: a single-center, cross-sectional, 2-season observational study","volume":"43","author":"Hassoun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.1.95","article-title":"Colonization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus among health-care workers screened by nasopharyngeal swab","volume":"129","author":"Ho","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00716-18","article-title":"PCR detection of respiratory pathogens in asymptomatic and symptomatic adults","volume":"57","author":"Sundell","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.567184","article-title":"Seasonality of respiratory viral infections: will COVID-19 follow suit?","volume":"8","author":"Audi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib34","article-title":"Epidemiology and aetiology of influenza-like illness among households in metropolitan Vientiane, Lao PDR\u201d: A prospective, community-based cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Rudge","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3503-1","article-title":"Effects of climatological parameters in modeling and forecasting seasonal influenza transmission in Abidjan, Cote d\u2019Ivoire","volume":"16","author":"N\u2019gattia","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37481-y","article-title":"Association between viral seasonality and meteorological factors","volume":"9","author":"Price","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157163","article-title":"Epidemiology and molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus in senegal after four consecutive years of surveillance, 2012\u20132015","volume":"11","author":"Fall","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034124000923?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034124000923?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T01:55:22Z","timestamp":1731635722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1876034124000923"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1876034124000923"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-0341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-0341","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Seasonal variation of asymptomatic viral and bacterial nasopharyngeal carriage in rural Senegal","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2024.03.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}