{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:10:52Z","timestamp":1787584252976,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,20]],"date-time":"2025-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0198"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0198"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82304246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82304246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031935","name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YX6J004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YX6J004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031935","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2505100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2505100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2505103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2505103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2304905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2304905"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2304900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2304900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3111500001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3111500001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20200344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004374","name":"Chongqing Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202417\\u201316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202417\\u201316"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T13:18:32Z","timestamp":1745500712000},"page":"102786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clustering analysis of sexual behavioral patterns and risk of sexually transmitted infections in Chinese men who have sex with men"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Bingyang","family":"She","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siqi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaixia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yawu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2343-084X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) [Internet]. c2019 [cited 2023 Jul 25]. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/sexually-transmitted-infections\u3009-(stis)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). New strategies to tackle and end STIs epidemics [Internet]. c2022 Sep 2. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/02-09-2022-new-strategies-to-tackle-and-end-stis-epidemics\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). More than 1 million new curable sexually transmitted infections every day [Internet]. c2019 [cited 2023 Jul 24]. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/06-06-2019-more-than-1-million-new-curable-sexually-transmitted-infections-every-day\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib4","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Chlamydia [Internet]. c2023. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/chlamydia\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib5","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Gonorrhoea: Latest antimicrobial global surveillance results and guidance for vaccine development published [Internet]. c2024. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/22-11-2021-gonorrhoea-antimicrobial-resistance-results-and-guidance-vaccine-development\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-111","article-title":"The epidemic of sexually transmitted infections in China: implications for control and future perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2012-050929","article-title":"Prevalence of pharyngeal and rectal Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections among men who have sex with men in Germany","volume":"90","author":"Dudareva-Vizule","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462416688818","article-title":"Prevalence and the associated risk factors of HIV, STIs and HBV among men who have sex with men in Kunming, China","volume":"28","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2019-054310","article-title":"Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium by anatomical site in men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Latimer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022768","article-title":"HIV and syphilis co-infection increasing among men who have sex with men in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Chow","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1110","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(21)00221-7","article-title":"Prevalence of syphilis among men who have sex with men: a global systematic review and meta-analysis from 2000\u201320","volume":"9","author":"Tsuboi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052676","article-title":"Sexual networks and infection transmission networks among men who have sex with men as causes of disparity and targets of prevention","volume":"93","author":"Spicknall","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.11.014","article-title":"Chemsex behaviours among men who have sex with men: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"63","author":"Maxwell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib14","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Men who have sex with men (MSM) [Internet]. c2021. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/treatment-guidelines\/msm.htm\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-033290","article-title":"Sexual behaviour patterns and STI risk: results of a cluster analysis among men who have sex with men in Portugal","volume":"11","author":"Blondeel","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-021-02068-8","article-title":"Variations in sexual behaviors by use of specific substances among Vancouver gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men: an event-level analysis","volume":"50","author":"Aguilera-Mijares","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsrh-2020-200720","article-title":"Age pattern of sexual activities with the most recent partner among men who have sex with men in Melbourne, Australia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"47","author":"Kilner","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Sex Reprod Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1071\/SH19046","article-title":"Seasonal variations in kissing and sexual activities among men who have sex with men in Melbourne, Australia: implications for seasonal sexually transmissible infection preventions and interventions","volume":"17","author":"Chow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2024.11.011","article-title":"Exploring the diversity of sexual acts in Chinese men who have sex with men and its impacts on the risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infections","volume":"238","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-022-02486-2","article-title":"Frequency and combination of sequential sexual acts that may lead to sexually transmitted infections at different anatomic sites within the same person","volume":"52","author":"Khosropour","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxz001","article-title":"Are clusterings of multiple data views independent?","volume":"21","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-10140-6","article-title":"Clustering of health-related behaviours within children aged 11\u201316: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Whitaker","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib23","unstructured":"Molina C. Oral sex without a condom\u2014is it safe or not? SIDAhora 2001."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052399","article-title":"Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the pharynx and saliva: implications for gonorrhoea transmission","volume":"92","author":"Chow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502","article-title":"Saliva use as a lubricant for anal sex is a risk factor for rectal gonorrhoea among men who have sex with men, a new public health message: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"92","author":"Chow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053148","article-title":"Willingness to change behaviours to reduce the risk of pharyngeal gonorrhoea transmission and acquisition in men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"93","author":"Chow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101557","article-title":"Kissing, fellatio, and analingus as risk factors for oropharyngeal gonorrhoea in men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study","volume":"51","author":"Tran","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2019-054139","article-title":"Patterns of sexualised recreational drug use and its association with risk behaviours and sexual health outcomes in men who have sex with men in London, UK: a comparison of cross-sectional studies conducted in 2013 and 2016","volume":"96","author":"Curtis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.06.010","article-title":"Prevalence and trend of gonorrhea in female sex workers and men having sex with men in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"221","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e396","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(19)30043-8","article-title":"Epidemiology and prevention of sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men at risk of HIV","volume":"6","author":"Chow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3128","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-024-04398-9","article-title":"Examining the effects of PrEP use on sexual behaviors and sexually transmitted infections among Chinese men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study","volume":"28","author":"She","year":"2024","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462420923550","article-title":"Syphilis seroprevalence and seroconversion among people newly diagnosed with HIV during the pre-antiretroviral therapy period in rural China","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000953","article-title":"Assessing uncertainty in an anatomical site-specific gonorrhea transmission model of men who have sex with men","volume":"46","author":"Spicknall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30838-0","article-title":"Treponema pallidum detection in lesion and non-lesion sites in men who have sex with men with early syphilis: a prospective, cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"Towns","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054565","article-title":"Modelling the contribution that different sexual practices involving the oropharynx and saliva have on Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections at multiple anatomical sites in men who have sex with men","volume":"97","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2018-053865","article-title":"Sexual network characteristics of men who have sex with men with syphilis and\/or gonorrhoea\/chlamydia in Lima, Peru: network patterns as roadmaps for STI prevention interventions","volume":"95","author":"Blair","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix873","article-title":"High rates of subsequent asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections and risky sexual behavior in patients initially presenting with primary human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection","volume":"66","author":"Braun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415581125","article-title":"Correlates of anal sex roles among Malay and Chinese MSM in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","volume":"27","author":"Dangerfield","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0921-x","article-title":"Relative risk for HIV infection among men who have sex with men engaging in different roles in anal sex: a systematic review and meta-analysis on global data","volume":"19","author":"Meng","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052770","article-title":"HIV and STIs among men who have sex with men in Dodoma municipality, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study","volume":"93","author":"Mmbaga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2026.103129","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000}}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034125001352?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876034125001352?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T15:07:40Z","timestamp":1768748860000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1876034125001352"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1876034125001352"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-0341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-0341","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clustering analysis of sexual behavioral patterns and risk of sexually transmitted infections in Chinese men who have sex with men","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102786","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102786"}}