{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:20:18Z","timestamp":1786965618146,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal-of-cardiology.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T20:32:34Z","timestamp":1608323554000},"page":"565-569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A new disease entity: Atrial functional mitral regurgitation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Yukio","family":"Abe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035789","article-title":"Sex differences in the etiology of surgical mitral valve disease","volume":"138","author":"Vakamudi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.6.1999","article-title":"Insights from three-dimensional echocardiography into the mechanism of functional mitral regurgitation: direct in vivo demonstration of altered leaflet tethering geometry","volume":"96","author":"Otsuji","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.12.1400","article-title":"Determinants of the degree of functional mitral regurgitation in patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction: a quantitative clinical study","volume":"102","author":"Yiu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01838-7","article-title":"Isolated annular dilation does not usually cause important functional mitral regurgitation: comparison between patients with lone atrial fibrillation and those with idiopathic or ischemic cardiomyopathy","volume":"39","author":"Otsuji","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-17-1334","article-title":"Prevalence and prognostic significance of functional mitral and tricuspid regurgitation despite preserved left ventricular ejection fraction in atrial fibrillation patients","volume":"82","author":"Abe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12574-019-00453-w","article-title":"Functional mitral regurgitation, updated: ventricular or atrial?","volume":"18","author":"Abe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz314","article-title":"Causes and mechanisms of isolated mitral regurgitation in the community: clinical context and outcome","volume":"40","author":"Dziadzko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1963.03860010138015","article-title":"Clinical manifestations of papillary muscle dysfunction","volume":"112","author":"Burch","year":"1963","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4101.097112","article-title":"Paradoxic decrease in ischemic mitral regurgitation with papillary muscle dysfunction: insights from three-dimensional and contrast echocardiography with strain rate measurement","volume":"104","author":"Messas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.03.049","article-title":"Papillary muscle dysfunction attenuates ischemic mitral regurgitation in patients with localized basal inferior left ventricular remodeling: insights from tissue Doppler strain imaging","volume":"46","author":"Uemura","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2008.12.018","article-title":"Diastolic dysfunction and left atrial enlargement as contributing factors to functional mitral regurgitation in dilated cardiomyopathy: data from the Acorn trial","volume":"157","author":"Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2017.12.005","article-title":"Mechanisms of changes in functional mitral regurgitation by preload alterations","volume":"71","author":"Furukawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.66.913","article-title":"Impact of atrial fibrillation on tricuspid and mitral annula dilatation and valvular regurgitation","volume":"66","author":"Zhou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8175.2009.00904.x","article-title":"Mitral regurgitation associated with mitral annular dilation in patients with lone atrial fibrillation: an echocardiographic study","volume":"26","author":"Kihara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.06.032","article-title":"Evidence of atrial functional mitral regurgitation due to atrial fibrillation: reversal with arrhythmia control","volume":"58","author":"Gertz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivv119","article-title":"Mitral valve repair for atrial functional mitral regurgitation in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation","volume":"21","author":"Takahashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2017.03.013","article-title":"Mechanism of atrial functional mitral regurgitation in patients with atrial fibrillation: a study using three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography","volume":"70","author":"Ito","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14249","article-title":"Mechanistic insights into atrial functional mitral regurgitation: far more complicated than just left atrial remodeling","volume":"36","author":"Silbiger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s12574-018-0412-6","article-title":"Prognostic significance of residual functional mitral regurgitation in hospitalized heart failure patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and preserved ejection fraction after medical therapies","volume":"17","author":"Ito","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2018.04.002","article-title":"Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and outcome of atrial functional mitral regurgitation in hospitalized heart failure patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"72","author":"Saito","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.06.042","article-title":"Outcomes and predictors of cardiac events in medically treated patients with atrial functional mitral regurgitation","volume":"316","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-16-0435","article-title":"Novel mechanistic insights into atrial functional mitral regurgitation: 3-dimensional echocardiographic study","volume":"80","author":"Machino-Ohtsuka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.116.005451","article-title":"Insufficient leaflet remodeling in patients with atrial fibrillation: association with the severity of mitral regurgitation","volume":"10","author":"Kagiyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.06.005","article-title":"New insights on Carpentier I mitral regurgitation from multidetector row computed tomography","volume":"114","author":"van Rosendael","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0025","first-page":"323","article-title":"Distant position of chordae from coaptation causes mitral regurgitation in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"25","author":"Itabashi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12947-018-0131-1","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of mitral valve morphology in atrial functional mitral regurgitation using realtime 3-dimensional echocardiography atrial functional mitral regurgitation","volume":"16","author":"Cong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.09.013","article-title":"Mitral valve adaptation to isolated annular dilation: insights into the mechanism of atrial functional mitral regurgitation","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2018.11.009","article-title":"Mitral annular and left ventricular dynamics in atrial functional mitral regurgitation: a three-dimensional and speckle-tracking echocardiographic study","volume":"32","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1159\/000508279","article-title":"Etiology of atrial functional mitral regurgitation: insights from transthoracic echocardiography in 159 consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction","volume":"145","author":"Akamatsu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0030","author":"Netter","year":"1969","journal-title":"The CIBA collection of medical illustrations volume 5"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000503","article-title":"2017 AHA\/ACC focused update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC Guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"135","author":"Nishimura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2739","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx391","article-title":"2017 ESC\/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease","volume":"38","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-20-0135","article-title":"JCS\/JSCS\/JATS\/JSVS 2020 guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease","volume":"84","author":"Izumi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1111\/jocs.14136","article-title":"Mitral annuloplasty for atrial functional mitral regurgitation in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation","volume":"34","author":"Sakaguchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Card Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-019-01203-6","article-title":"Mid-term results of valve repairs for atrial functional mitral and tricuspid regurgitations","volume":"68","author":"Takahashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.02.018","article-title":"Percutaneous edge-to-edge repair for atrial functional mitral regurgitation: a real-time 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography study","volume":"12","author":"Nagaura","year":"2019","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0914508720303981?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0914508720303981?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T13:05:22Z","timestamp":1760274322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0914508720303981"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0914508720303981"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0914-5087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0914-5087","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A new disease entity: Atrial functional mitral regurgitation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Japanese College of Cardiology. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}