{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:29:37Z","timestamp":1792654177576,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CA 092459"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA 092459"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,22]],"date-time":"2009-10-22T12:25:46Z","timestamp":1256214346000},"page":"600-605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Identification of a New Region of SARS-CoV S Protein Critical for Viral Entry"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"394","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Tisoncik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"McReynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Farzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bellur S.","family":"Prabhakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Caffrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030781","article-title":"A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome","volume":"348","author":"Ksiazek","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030747","article-title":"Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome","volume":"348","author":"Drosten","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1085953","article-title":"The Genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus","volume":"300","author":"Marra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1085952","article-title":"Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome","volume":"300","author":"Rota","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4240","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0306446101","article-title":"Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike glycoprotein-mediated viral entry","volume":"101","author":"Simmons","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20836","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M400759200","article-title":"Structural characterization of the SARS-coronavirus spike S fusion protein core","volume":"279","author":"Tripet","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11965","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M601174200","article-title":"The solution structure of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus heptad repeat 2 in the prefusion state","volume":"281","author":"Hakansson-McReynolds","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6802","DOI":"10.1021\/bi800622t","article-title":"Characterization of the prefusion and transition states of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus S2-HR2","volume":"47","author":"McReynolds","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0757","article-title":"Coronavirus spike proteins in viral entry and pathogenesis","volume":"279","author":"Gallagher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1089\/088282403771926292","article-title":"SARS: lessons learned from other coronaviruses","volume":"16","author":"Navas-Martin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Viral Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4240","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0306446101","article-title":"Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS CoV) spike glycoprotein-mediated viral entry","volume":"101","author":"Simmons","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3198","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M508381200","article-title":"SARS coronavirus, but not human coronavirus NL63, utilizes cathepsin L to infect ACE2-expressing cells","volume":"281","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5871","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809524106","article-title":"Activation of the SARS coronavirus spike protein via sequential proteolytic cleavage at two distinct sites","volume":"106","author":"Belouzard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02145","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus","volume":"426","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15748","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403812101","article-title":"CD209L (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus","volume":"101","author":"Jeffers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4552","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.9.4552-4560.2004","article-title":"Amino acids 270 to 510 of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein are required for interaction with receptor","volume":"78","author":"Babcock","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3197","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C300520200","article-title":"A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2","volume":"279","author":"Wong","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2003.11.054","article-title":"The SARS-CoV S glycoprotein: expression and functional characterization","volume":"312","author":"Xiao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15788-7","article-title":"Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors","volume":"363","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8455","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400576101","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection inhibition using spike protein heptad repeat-derived peptides","volume":"101","author":"Bosch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.3.1743-1752.2005","article-title":"Identification of the membrane-active regions of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike membrane glycoprotein using a 16\/18-mer peptide scan: implications for the viral fusion mechanism","volume":"79","author":"Guill\u00e9n","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5900","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.10.5900-5906.2005","article-title":"Evaluation of human monoclonal antibody 80R for immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome by an animal study, epitope mapping, and analysis of spike variants","volume":"79","author":"Sui","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1002\/med.20138","article-title":"HIV entry inhibitors and their potential in HIV therapy","volume":"29","author":"Qian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.1016","article-title":"Vpr is required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in mononuclear phagocytes","volume":"206","author":"Connor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6705","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.69.11.6705-6711.1995","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R (Vpr) arrests cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting p34cdc2 activity","volume":"69","author":"He","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4847","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.69.8.4847-4853.1995","article-title":"Analysis of the subgroup A avian sarcoma and leukosis virus receptor: the 40-residue, cysteine-rich, low-density lipoprotein receptor repeat motif of Tva is sufficient to mediate viral entry","volume":"69","author":"Rong","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16629","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M400157200","article-title":"The role of a conserved acidic residue in calcium-dependent protein folding for a low density lipoprotein (LDL)-A module: implications in structure and function for the LDL receptor superfamily","volume":"279","author":"Guo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1116480","article-title":"Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor","volume":"309","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2006.03.007","article-title":"Structures and polymorphic interactions of two heptad-repeat regions of the SARS virus S2 protein","volume":"14","author":"Deng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Structure"}],"container-title":["Journal of Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022283609012728?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022283609012728?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]],"date-time":"2020-05-23T06:01:38Z","timestamp":1590213698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022283609012728"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022283609012728"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2836"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2836","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}}}