{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:51:48Z","timestamp":1792183908853,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Program of Donation for Research \u201c5 per mille\u201d"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,12]],"date-time":"2015-08-12T12:45:21Z","timestamp":1439383521000},"page":"40-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The biomaterials challenge: A comparison of polyethylene wear using a hip joint simulator"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Saverio","family":"Affatato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Freccero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Taddei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2012.10.002","article-title":"The use of Raman spectroscopy in the analysis of UHMWPE uni-condylar bearing systems after run on a force and displacement control knee simulators","volume":"297","author":"Affatato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4045","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00264-3","article-title":"The performance of gamma- and EtO-sterilised UHMWPE acetabular cups tested under severe simulator conditions. Part 2: wear particle characteristics with isolation protocols","volume":"24","author":"Affatato","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.07.070","article-title":"Wear behaviour of cross-linked polyethylene assessed in vitro under severe conditions","volume":"26","author":"Affatato","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2009.04.049","article-title":"Long-term in-vitro wear performance of an innovative thermo-compressed cross-linked polyethylene","volume":"43","author":"Affatato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.33297","article-title":"In vitro wear performance of standard, crosslinked, and vitamin-E-blended UHMWPE","volume":"100","author":"Affatato","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7827(00)00006-0","article-title":"Vitamin E: non-antioxidant roles","volume":"39","author":"Azzi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2860(99)00427-5","article-title":"Micro-Raman spectroscopy for the crystallinity characterization of UHMWPE hip cups run on joint simulators","volume":"521","author":"Bertoluzza","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.32904","article-title":"Analysis of wear, wear particles, and reduced inflammatory potential of vitamin E ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene for use in total joint replacement","volume":"101 B","author":"Bladen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2286","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1717-6","article-title":"Vitamin E-stabilized UHMWPE for total joint implants: a review","volume":"469","author":"Bracco","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2007.02.023","article-title":"Stabilisation of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with vitamin E","volume":"92","author":"Bracco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10195-008-0038-y","article-title":"UHMWPE for arthroplasty: past or future?","volume":"10","author":"Brach del Prever","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Traumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2008.08.022","article-title":"Plastics and beaches: a degrading relationship","volume":"58","author":"Corcoran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-5403(99)90086-4","article-title":"Plasticity-induced damage layer is a precursor to wear in radiation-cross-linked UHMWPE acetabular components for total hip replacement","volume":"14","author":"Edidin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Arthroplast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-806X(01)00431-5","article-title":"A study of long-lived free radicals in gamma-irradiated medical grade polyethylene","volume":"62","author":"Jahan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiat. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib3","unstructured":"James S.P., Oldinski R. , Zhang M., Schwartz H., 2009. UHMWPE Biomaterials Handbook."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5593","DOI":"10.1021\/ma9911187","article-title":"Chain mobility in polymer systems: on the borderline between solid and melt. 3. Phase transformations in nascent ultra high molecular weight polyethylene reactor powder at elevated pressure as revealed by in-situ Raman spectroscopy","volume":"33","author":"Kurelec","year":"2000","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(99)00053-8","article-title":"Advances in the processing, sterilization, and crosslinking of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene for total joint arthroplasty","volume":"20","author":"Kurtz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.32122","article-title":"Trace concentrations of vitamin E protect radiation crosslinked UHMWPE from oxidative degradation","volume":"90","author":"Kurtz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0032-3861(98)00500-X","article-title":"Morphological characterisation of the crystalline structure of cold-drawn HDPE used as a model material for the environmental stress cracking (ESC) phenomenon","volume":"40","author":"Lagaron","year":"1999","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.01.076","article-title":"Use of vitamin E to protect cross-linked UHMWPE from oxidation","volume":"31","author":"Lerf","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymertesting.2012.06.009","article-title":"Degradation behavior of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers under artificial accelerated weathering","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Polym. Test."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-583X(01)00944-2","article-title":"Post-\u03b3-irradiation reactions in vitamin E stabilised and unstabilised HDPE","volume":"185","author":"Mall\u00e9gol","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100170203","article-title":"Development of an extremely wear-resistant ultra high molecular weight polyethylene for total hip replacements","volume":"17","author":"McKellop","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2011.03.006","article-title":"Knee simulator wear of vitamin E stabilized irradiated ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene","volume":"27","author":"Micheli","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Arthroplast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib13","first-page":"288","article-title":"Conservation of plastics: materials science, degradation and preservation","volume":"455","author":"Mossman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/polb.1993.090310113","article-title":"Transition regions and surface melting in partially crystalline polyethylene: a Raman spectroscopic study","volume":"31","author":"Mutter","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib46","first-page":"431","article-title":"Strain-induced crystallization and orientation of vitamin E-blended ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene","volume":"19","author":"Okubo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomed. Mater. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-010-1161-y","article-title":"Vitamin E diffused, highly crosslinked UHMWPE: a review","volume":"35","author":"Oral","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2005.07.009","article-title":"Wear resistance and mechanical properties of highly cross-linked, ultrahigh-molecular weight polyethylene doped with vitamin E","volume":"21","author":"Oral","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Arthroplast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.06.025","article-title":"Mechanisms of decrease in fatigue crack propagation resistance in irradiated and melted UHMWPE","volume":"27","author":"Oral","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2007.09.027","article-title":"Highly cross-linked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene with improved fatigue resistance for total joint arthroplasty. Recipient of the 2006 Hap Paul Award","volume":"23","author":"Oral","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Arthroplast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.05.041","article-title":"A surface crosslinked UHMWPE stabilized by vitamin E with low wear and high fatigue strength","volume":"31","author":"Oral","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31799","article-title":"The elimination of free radicals in irradiated UHMWPEs with and without vitamin e stabilization by annealing under pressure","volume":"97 B","author":"Oral","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5687","DOI":"10.1021\/ma00020a032","article-title":"Characterization of molecular-orientaiton in polyethyleen by Raman-spectroscopy","volume":"24","author":"Pigeon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2680-3","article-title":"Vitamin-E diffused highly cross-linked polyethylene liner compared to standard liners in total hip arthroplasty. A randomized, controlled trial","volume":"39 (8)","author":"Salemyr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-806X(99)00328-X","article-title":"Irradiation of polyethylene: some aspects of crosslinking and oxidative degradation","volume":"56","author":"Singh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiat. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2008.12.006","article-title":"Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene: mechanics, morphology, and clinical behavior","volume":"2","author":"Sobieraj","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib35","first-page":"1181","article-title":"Raman spectroscopic method for determining the crystallinity of polyethylene","volume":"16","author":"Strobl","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci.: Polym. Phys. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2007.04.042","article-title":"The effects of irradiation and EtO-treatment on ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene acetabular cups following accelerated aging: degradation of mechanical properties and morphology changes during hip simulator tests","volume":"875","author":"Taddei","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.2867","article-title":"Raman characterization of conventional and cross-linked polyethylene in acetabular cups run on a hip joint simulator","volume":"42","author":"Taddei","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Raman Spectrosc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takahashi Y., Masaoka T., Pezzotti G., Shishido T., Tateiwa T., Kubo K., et al., 2014. Highly cross-linked polyethylene in total hip and knee replacement\u202f: spatial distribution of molecular orientation and shape recovery behavior, BioMed. Research International, Vol. 2014 (2014), 1-13, 10.1155\/2014\/808369.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/808369"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1299\/jbse.4.589","article-title":"Reduction of wear volume from accelerated aged UHMWPE knee components by the addition of vitamin E","volume":"4","author":"Teramura","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.4545","article-title":"The effects of contact area and applied load on the morphology of in vitro worn ultra-high molecular weight knee prostheses: a micro-Raman and gravimetric study","volume":"45","author":"Tozzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Raman Spectrosc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-13-178","article-title":"Wear, bone density, functional outcome and survival in vitamin E-incorporated polyethylene cups in reversed hybrid total hip arthroplasty: design of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Van der Veen","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2009.04.005","article-title":"Delamination and adhesive wear behavior of \u03b1-tocopherol-stabilized irradiated ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene","volume":"25","author":"Wannomae","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Arthroplast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001_bib16","series-title":"Stabilization of Polymeric Materials","author":"Zweifel","year":"1998"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1751616115002726?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1751616115002726?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T22:12:39Z","timestamp":1761689559000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1751616115002726"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S1751616115002726"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-6161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1751-6161","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The biomaterials challenge: A comparison of polyethylene wear using a hip joint simulator","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.08.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}