{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T06:12:59Z","timestamp":1778825579223,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG8G0821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG8G0821"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T23:03:49Z","timestamp":1691103829000},"page":"1045-1053","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Increasing trend of healthcare-associated infections due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE-fm) paralleling escalating community-acquired VRE-fm infections in a medical center implementing strict contact precautions: An epidemiologic and pathogenic genotype analysis and its implications"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Ya-Fen","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yin-Shiou","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Hsiang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jien-Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(95)90038-1","article-title":"The challenge of vancomycin-resistant enterococci: a clinical and epidemiologic study","volume":"23","author":"Lam","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115555","article-title":"National surveillance on vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in Taiwan: emergence and widespread of ST414 and a Tn1546-like element with simultaneous insertion of IS1251-like and IS1678","volume":"9","author":"Kuo","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-009-0810-9","article-title":"Clonal spread of CC17 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium with multilocus sequence type 78 (ST78) and a novel ST444 in Taiwan","volume":"29","author":"Hsieh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009000","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological characteristics of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium bloodstream infection in Central Taiwan","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltim)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt525","article-title":"Infection control and prevention measures to reduce the spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in hospitalized patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"69","author":"de Angelis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2009.01.013","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant enterococci bacteremia: risk factors for mortality and influence of antimicrobial therapy on clinical outcome","volume":"58","author":"Han","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-018-1137-1","article-title":"Antibiotic stewardship and horizontal infection control are more effective than screening, isolation and eradication","volume":"46","author":"Lemmen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib8","first-page":"1131","article-title":"Correlation between nosocomial carriage of vancomycin-resistant enterococci and antimicrobial use in Taiwan","volume":"104","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-012-0299-8","article-title":"Control of drug-resistant pathogens in endemic settings: contact precautions, controversies, and a proposal for a less restrictive alternative","volume":"14","author":"Bearman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2007.10.006","article-title":"Healthcare infection control practices advisory committee. Management of multidrug-resistant organisms in health care settings","volume":"35","author":"Siegel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.4.1776-1781.2005","article-title":"Multilocus sequence typing versus pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolate","volume":"43","author":"Nemoy","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib13","article-title":"Antibiotic consumption and healthcare-associated infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli at a large medical center in Taiwan from 2002 to 2009: implicating the importance of antibiotic stewardship","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0233265","article-title":"Increased financial burdens and lengths of stay in patients with healthcare-associated infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria in intensive care units: a propensity-matched case-control study","volume":"15","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(88)90053-3","article-title":"CDC definitions for nosocomial infection","volume":"16","author":"Garner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2015.03.002","article-title":"Dengue disease outbreak definitions are implicitly variable","volume":"11","author":"Brady","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516410","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/516410","article-title":"Performances and reliability of Bruker Microflex LT and VITEK MS MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry systems for the identification of clinical microorganisms","volume":"2015","author":"Bilecen","year":"2015","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib18","series-title":"NCLS","article-title":"National committee for clinical laboratory standards: methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically: approved standard M7-A5","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.6.1963-1971.2002","article-title":"Multilocus sequence typing scheme for Enterococcus faecium","volume":"40","author":"Homan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.3.577-580.1992","article-title":"Rapid method for epidemiological evaluation of gram-positive cocci by field inversion gel electrophoresis","volume":"30","author":"Goering","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.5.1518-1530.2004","article-title":"eBURST: inferring patterns of evolutionary descent among clusters of related bacterial genotypes from multilocus sequence typing data","volume":"186","author":"Feil","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2018.08.008","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium at a university hospital in Taiwan, 2002-2015: fluctuation of genetic populations and emergence of a new structure type of the Tn1546-like element","volume":"51","author":"Kuo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1106.041204","article-title":"Global spread of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium from distinct nosocomial genetic complex","volume":"11","author":"Willems","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030007","article-title":"Insertion sequence-driven diversification creates a globally dispersed emerging multiresistant subspecies of E. faecium","volume":"3","author":"Leavis","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.01.004","article-title":"High rates of multidrug resistance in Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium isolated from inpatients and outpatients in Taiwan","volume":"75","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-163","article-title":"Identification of vancomycin-resistant enterococci clones and inter-hospital spread during an outbreak in Taiwan","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa009","article-title":"Discontinuing contact precautions for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is associated with rising VRE bloodstream infection rates in Ontario Hospitals, 2009\u20132018: a quasi-experimental study","volume":"71","author":"Johnstone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2020.11.020","article-title":"Does the removal of contact precautions for MRSA and VRE infected patients change health care-associated infection rate?: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Kleyman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2022.07.001","article-title":"The prevalence and molecular epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) carriage in patients admitted to intensive care units in Beijing, China","volume":"56","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s13670-015-0120-2","article-title":"Colonization with multi-drug resistant organisms in nursing homes: scope, importance, and management","volume":"4","author":"Cassone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Geriatr Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2016.08.022","article-title":"Risk factors and outcomes for the acquisition of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacillus bacteremia: a retrospective propensity-matched case control study","volume":"51","author":"Ting","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00023-19","article-title":"Randomized noninferiority trial of cefoperazone-sulbactam versus cefepime in the treatment of hospital-acquired and healthcare-associated pneumonia","volume":"63","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofz553","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz553","article-title":"Epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis colonization in nursing facilities","volume":"7","author":"Davis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2015.228","article-title":"VRE and VSE bacteremia outcomes in the era of effective VRE therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Prematunge","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-018-0419-9","article-title":"The importance of adjusting for enterococcus species when assessing the burden of vancomycin resistance: a cohort study including over 1000 cases of enterococcal bloodstream infections","volume":"7","author":"Kramer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-020-0683-3","article-title":"Does vancomycin resistance increase mortality in Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia after orthotopic liver transplantation? A retrospective study","volume":"9","author":"Dubler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2018.93","article-title":"Noninfectious hospital adverse events decline\u00a0after elimination of contact precautions for MRSA and VRE","volume":"39","author":"Martin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-016-3862-4","article-title":"The effect of hospital isolation precautions on patient outcomes and cost of care: a multi-site, retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study","volume":"32","author":"Tran","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1684118223001494?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1684118223001494?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:47:47Z","timestamp":1778824067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1684118223001494"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1684118223001494"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1684-1182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1684-1182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Increasing trend of healthcare-associated infections due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE-fm) paralleling escalating community-acquired VRE-fm infections in a medical center implementing strict contact precautions: An epidemiologic and pathogenic genotype analysis and its implications","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.07.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}