{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T06:12:57Z","timestamp":1778825577506,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002878","name":"Consejer\u00eda de Econom\u00eda, Innovaci\u00f3n, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CTS2593"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CTS2593"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002878","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002878","name":"Consejer\u00eda de Econom\u00eda, Innovaci\u00f3n, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RD12\/0017\/0029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD12\/0017\/0029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002878","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023731","name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda Consejer\u00eda de Salud y Bienestar Social","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC-0006-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC-0006-2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FI14\/00431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI14\/00431"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI21\/00357"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/00357"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI18\/01216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI18\/01216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010566","name":"Consejer\u00eda de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010566","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T02:06:35Z","timestamp":1693620395000},"page":"1129-1138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Caecum OX40+CD4 T-cell subset associates with mucosal damage and key markers of disease in treated HIV-infection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Isaac","family":"Rosado-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Herrero-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Sobrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana E.","family":"Carvajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Genebat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9528-4098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Taranc\u00f3n-D\u00edez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7651-7629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Carmen","family":"Garcia-Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Carmen","family":"Puertas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo M.","family":"de Pablos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5142-9972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4916-2129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Martinez-Picado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9451-8083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda M.","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.03.005","article-title":"Curing HIV: seeking to target and clear persistent infection","volume":"181","author":"Margolis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.04.004","article-title":"Anti-apoptotic protein BIRC5 maintains survival of HIV-1-Infected CD4+ T-cells","volume":"48","author":"Kuo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.03.012","article-title":"Sustained survivin expression from OX40 costimulatory signals drives T-cell clonal expansion","volume":"22","author":"Song","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3405","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of T-cell co-stimulation and co-inhibition","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186998","article-title":"Comparative analysis of activation induced marker (AIM) assays for sensitive identification of antigen-specific CD4 T-cells","volume":"12","author":"Reiss","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3319","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.12843","article-title":"Metabolically active CD4+ T-cells expressing Glut1 and OX40 preferentially harbor HIV during in\u00a0vitro infection","volume":"591","author":"Palmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEBS (Fed Eur Biochem Soc) Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6748","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.15.6748-6757.2001","article-title":"OX40 stimulation by gp34\/OX40 ligand enhances productive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection","volume":"75","author":"Takahashi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121427109","article-title":"Glut1-mediated glucose transport regulates HIV infection","volume":"109","author":"Loisel-Meyer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1030","article-title":"The costimulation-regulated duration of PKB activation controls T cell longevity","volume":"5","author":"Song","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101243","article-title":"Control of immunity by the TNFR-related molecule OX40 (CD134)","volume":"28","author":"Croft","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1002\/cpdd.918","article-title":"A phase 1 study of KHK4083: a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled single-ascending-dose study in healthy adults and an open-label multiple-dose study in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"10","author":"Furihata","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Drug Develop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02037-2","article-title":"An anti-OX40 antibody to treat moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b study","volume":"401","author":"Guttman-Yassky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3738","article-title":"Regional specialization within the intestinal immune system","volume":"14","author":"Mowat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw258","article-title":"Gut mucosal barrier dysfunction, microbial dysbiosis, and their role in HIV-1 disease progression","volume":"214","author":"Mudd","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040874","article-title":"CD4+ T-cell depletion during all stages of HIV disease occurs predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"200","author":"Brenchley","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-101-4-421","article-title":"Enteropathy associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"101","author":"Kotler","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2014.50","article-title":"Early initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy preserves immune function in the gut of HIV-infected patients","volume":"8","author":"Kok","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006226","article-title":"The transcriptome of HIV-1 infected intestinal CD4+ T-cells exposed to enteric bacteria","volume":"13","author":"Yoder","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5079","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901514","article-title":"The survival of memory CD4+ T cells within the gut lamina propria requires OX40 and CD30 signals","volume":"183","author":"Withers","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646723","article-title":"IL-17 and IL-22 in immunity: driving protection and pathology","volume":"47","author":"Eyerich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.708140","article-title":"Role of Th22 cells in human viral diseases","volume":"8","author":"Gong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007619","article-title":"Single-cell characterization and quantification of translation-competent viral reservoirs in treated and untreated HIV infection","volume":"15","author":"Pardons","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2007.10.004","article-title":"T cell immune roconstitution following lymphodepletion","volume":"19","author":"Williams","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3015","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201444701","article-title":"OX40 and IL-7 play synergistic roles in the homeostatic proliferation of effector memory CD4+T cells","volume":"44","author":"Yamaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5788","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1203111","article-title":"Homeostatic proliferation of naive CD4+ T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes generates gut-tropic Th17 cells","volume":"190","author":"Kawabe","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/s41374-017-0006-3","article-title":"An in\u00a0vitro system of autologous lymphocytes culture that allows the study of homeostatic proliferation mechanisms in human naive CD4 T-cells","volume":"98","author":"Rosado-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0b013e32834124fd","article-title":"NF-\u039aB\/Rel: agonist and antagonist roles in HIV-1 latency","volume":"6","author":"Chan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin HIV AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-02-139154","article-title":"Life after the thymus: CD31+ and CD31- human naive CD4+ T-cell subsets","volume":"113","author":"Kohler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3364","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900641","article-title":"Memory-like CD8+ T cells generated during homeostatic proliferation defer to antigen-experienced memory cells","volume":"183","author":"Cheung","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib30","first-page":"130","article-title":"CD8\u03b1\u03b1 intraepithelial lymphocytes arise from two main thymic precursors","volume":"12","author":"Room","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1783","article-title":"Thymic self-reactivity selects natural interleukin-17-producing T cells that can regulate peripheral inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Marks","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12079","article-title":"Thymus-derived regulatory T cells contribute to tolerance to commensal microbiota","volume":"497","author":"Cebula","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8691","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0803732105","article-title":"Ablation of thymic export causes accelerated decay of naive CD4 T cells in the periphery because of activation by environmental antigen","volume":"105","author":"Bourgeois","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1972","article-title":"HIV reservoir size and persistence are driven by T cell survival and homeostatic proliferation","volume":"15","author":"Chomont","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-019-1276-8","article-title":"The forces driving clonal expansion of the HIV-1 latent reservoir","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3838","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.8.3838","article-title":"Expression and function of OX40 ligand on human dendritic cells","volume":"159","author":"Ohshima","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-016-0278-5","article-title":"Major influence of CD4 count at the initiation of cART on viral and immunological reservoir constitution in HIV-1 infected patients","volume":"13","author":"Depinc\u00e9-Berger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Retrovirology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1684118223001627?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1684118223001627?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:48:06Z","timestamp":1778824086000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1684118223001627"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1684118223001627"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1684-1182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1684-1182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Caecum OX40+CD4 T-cell subset associates with mucosal damage and key markers of disease in treated HIV-infection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.08.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}