{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T08:16:46Z","timestamp":1783671406206,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T11:57:25Z","timestamp":1763639845000},"page":"451-456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Value of quantitative SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies in assessing risk of severe COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Chan Maung","family":"Nyein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shafiq","family":"Sahib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xier Emily","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1990-7617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Say Tat","family":"Ooi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e822","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab1041","article-title":"Neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 omicron variant by sera from BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccine recipients","volume":"75","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac305","article-title":"Discordant antibody and T-cell responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 omicron variant in coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccine recipients","volume":"75","author":"Woldemeskel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad716","article-title":"Protection conferred by COVID-19 vaccination, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, or hybrid immunity against omicron-associated severe outcomes among community-dwelling adults","volume":"78","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.01.022","article-title":"COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients: a systematic review of cancer, hematopoietic cell and solid organ transplant patients","volume":"82","author":"Belsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-070695","article-title":"Risk of covid-19 related deaths for SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) compared with delta (B.1.617.2): retrospective cohort study","volume":"378","author":"Ward","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib6","article-title":"Risk stratification of patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO clinical characterisation protocol: development and validation of the 4C mortality score","volume":"370","author":"Knight","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.06.064","article-title":"Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of various comorbidities on serious events","volume":"14","author":"Nandy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metabol Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2521-4","article-title":"Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY","volume":"584","author":"Williamson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13091","article-title":"Correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease","volume":"310","author":"Goldblatt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00523-5","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: a key target for eliciting persistent neutralizing antibodies","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Targeted Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.09.037","article-title":"Mapping neutralizing and immunodominant sites on the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain by structure-guided high-resolution serology","volume":"183","author":"Piccoli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1193246","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein targeted serology test results and their association with subsequent COVID-19-related outcomes","volume":"11","author":"Kaufman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2022.5974","article-title":"Association of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody vaccine response with infection severity in patients with cancer: a national COVID cancer cross-sectional evaluation","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-021-01083-7","article-title":"Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 is associated with long-term clinical outcome in patients with COVID-19: a longitudinal study","volume":"41","author":"Garc\u00eda-Abell\u00e1n","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib15","article-title":"Antibody level predicts the clinical course of breakthrough infection of COVID-19 caused by delta and omicron variants: a prospective cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae324","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 plasma antibody and nucleocapsid antigen status predict outcomes in outpatients with COVID-19","volume":"79","author":"Jilg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.03.012","article-title":"New ICD-10 version of the Charlson comorbidity index predicted in-hospital mortality","volume":"57","author":"Sundararajan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10071143","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of anti-N and anti-S antibody titers of SARS-CoV-2 infection after the third dose of COVID-19 vaccination","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192315581","article-title":"High anti-CoV2S antibody levels at hospitalization are associated with improved survival in patients with COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infection","volume":"19","author":"Heinzl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01377-8","article-title":"Neutralizing antibody levels are highly predictive of immune protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"27","author":"Khoury","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib21","article-title":"Correlation between elecsys\u00ae Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S assay results and the detection of functional SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies","author":"Jochum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Memo: Roche Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02747-22","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG antibody and ACE2 receptor binding inhibition levels among breakthrough stage veteran patients","volume":"10","author":"Chensue","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02962-3","article-title":"Correlates of protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 in vaccinated children","volume":"30","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2020.10.007","article-title":"Dynamics of blood viral load is strongly associated with clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Mol Diagn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad780","article-title":"Viral and host factors are associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19","volume":"78","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0281052","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 viremia and COVID-19 mortality: a prospective observational study","volume":"18","author":"Giacomelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv195","article-title":"Antibody to influenza virus neuraminidase: an independent correlate of protection","volume":"212","author":"Monto","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1684118225001975?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1684118225001975?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T07:47:54Z","timestamp":1783669674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1684118225001975"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1684118225001975"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1684-1182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1684-1182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Value of quantitative SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies in assessing risk of severe COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmii.2025.11.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}