{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T09:11:25Z","timestamp":1784797885673,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"National University of Health Sciences","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006310","name":"Medicinska Forskningsr\u00c3\u00a5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006310","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014437","name":"Wenner-Gren Stiftelserna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014437","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001794","name":"University of Queensland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jmptonline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T18:25:41Z","timestamp":1600367141000},"page":"284-293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Relationship of Ultrasound Measurements of Muscle Deformation With Torque and Electromyography During Isometric Contractions of the Cervical Extensor Muscles"],"prefix":"10.67400","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Katherine F.","family":"Moodie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun P.","family":"O'Leary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kylie J.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"McPhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneli","family":"Peolsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"57152","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000128759.02487.BF","article-title":"Patients with chronic neck pain demonstrate altered patterns of muscle activation during performance of a functional upper limb task","volume":"29","author":"Falla","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-003-1814-9","article-title":"Feedforward activity of the cervical flexor muscles during voluntary arm movements is delayed in chronic neck pain","volume":"157","author":"Falla","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000141170.89317.0e","article-title":"Patients with neck pain demonstrate reduced electromyographic activity of the deep cervical flexor muscles during performance of the craniocervical flexion test","volume":"29","author":"Falla","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31820212cf","article-title":"Association between intensity of pain and impairment in onset and activation of the deep cervical flexors in patients with persistent neck pain","volume":"27","author":"Falla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3078","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00953.2011","article-title":"Recruitment of motor units in two fascicles of the semispinalis cervicis muscle","volume":"107","author":"Schomacher","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.11.033","article-title":"Chronic trauma-induced neck pain impairs the neural control of the deep semispinalis cervicis muscle","volume":"123","author":"Schomacher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31820e11a2","article-title":"Pain-induced changes in the activity of the cervical extensor muscles evaluated by muscle functional magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"27","author":"Cagnie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.12.021","article-title":"Is there altered activity of the extensor muscles in chronic mechanical neck pain? A functional magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"92","author":"O'Leary","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10375","article-title":"Measurement of muscle contraction with ultrasound imaging","volume":"27","author":"Hodges","year":"2003","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2007.11.007","article-title":"Measurement of cervical multifidus contraction pattern with ultrasound imaging","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2008.07.007","article-title":"Validity and reliability of ultrasonography for the longus colli in asymptomatic subjects","volume":"14","author":"Cagnie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S1356-689X(03)00059-6","article-title":"Reliability of ultrasonography for the cervical multifidus muscle in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects","volume":"9","author":"Kristjansson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00092.2010","article-title":"Dynamic imaging of skeletal muscle contraction in three orthogonal directions","volume":"109","author":"Lopata","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1196","article-title":"Is there a difference in the pattern of muscle activity when performing neck exercises with a guild board versus a pulley","volume":"45","author":"Peolsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2013.06.003","article-title":"Does posture of the cervical spine influence dorsal neck muscle activity when lifting?","volume":"19","author":"Peolsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2013.05.014","article-title":"Cervical muscle activity during loaded arm lifts in patients 10 years postsurgery for cervical disc disease","volume":"36","author":"Peolsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2012.05.005","article-title":"Ultrasound imaging with speckle tracking of cervical muscle deformation and deformation rate: isometric contraction of patients after anterior cervical decompression and fusion for cervical disc disease and controls","volume":"17","author":"Peolsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2009.1002","article-title":"Measurement of tendon strain during muscle twitch contractions using ultrasound elastography","volume":"56","author":"Farron","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21470","article-title":"In vivo strain analysis of the intact supraspinatus tendon by ultrasound speckles tracking imaging","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2010.01.001","article-title":"Development and validation of ultrasound speckle tracking to quantify tendon displacement","volume":"43","author":"Korstanje","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2005.848331","article-title":"Computer vision elastography: speckle adaptive motion estimation for elastography using ultrasound sequences","volume":"24","author":"Revell","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2010.02.013","article-title":"Viscoelastic and anisotropic mechanical properties of in vivo muscle tissue assessed by supersonic shear imaging","volume":"36","author":"Gennisson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.09.005","article-title":"Imaging two-dimensional mechanical waves of skeletal muscle contraction","volume":"39","author":"Gronlund","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01229.2005","article-title":"Use of ultrasound to make noninvasive in vivo measurement of continuous changes in human muscle contractile length","volume":"100","author":"Loram","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1952.sp004763","article-title":"The relation between integrated action potentials in a human muscle and its isometric tension","volume":"117","author":"Lippold","year":"1952","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0026","first-page":"287","article-title":"Linear and non-linear surface EMG\/force relationships in human muscles. An anatomical\/functional argument for the existence of both","volume":"62","author":"Woods","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2014.01.004","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in ventral and dorsal neck muscle layers during loading against gravity in healthy volunteers","volume":"37","author":"Peolsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1822","article-title":"A speckle tracking application of ultrasound to evaluate activity of multilayered cervical muscles","volume":"46","author":"Van Der Werff","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.26.4.400","article-title":"A comparison of craniocervical and cervicothoracic muscle strength in healthy individuals","volume":"26","author":"Van Wyk","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Appl Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2342-10-9","article-title":"Modelling human musculoskeletal functional movements using ultrasound imaging","volume":"10","author":"Peolsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Med Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2010.544765","article-title":"Changes in mechanical load and extensor muscle activity in the cervico-thoracic spine induced by sitting posture modification","volume":"54","author":"Edmondston","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2014.04.010","article-title":"A preliminary evaluation of dorsal muscle activity during resisted cervical extension in patients with longstanding pain and disability following anterior cervical decompression and fusion","volume":"101","author":"Peolsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2015.02.005","article-title":"Muscle shear elastic modulus is linearly related to muscle torque over the entire range of isometric contraction intensity","volume":"25","author":"Ate\u015f","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.04.012","article-title":"Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography assess deltoid muscle integrity after reverse shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"26","author":"Fischer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.12.002","article-title":"Reliability of abdominal muscle stiffness measured using elastography during trunk rehabilitation exercises","volume":"42","author":"MacDonald","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016147542030021X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016147542030021X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T08:57:43Z","timestamp":1784797063000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmpt.kglmeridian.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S016147542030021X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-4754"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-4754","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Relationship of Ultrasound Measurements of Muscle Deformation With Torque and Electromyography During Isometric Contractions of the Cervical Extensor Muscles","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 by National University of Health Sciences.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}