{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:52:23Z","timestamp":1789627943278,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022692","name":"The Galen and Hilary Weston Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022692","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["104916\/Z\/14\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["104916\/Z\/14\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017510","name":"UK Dementia Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017510","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012164","name":"Mrs Gladys Row Fogo Charitable Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012164","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019741","name":"Muir Maxwell Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019741","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000320","name":"Alzheimer's Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010969","name":"Alzheimer Nederland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010969","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001674","name":"Fondation Leducq","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001674","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000589","name":"Chief Scientist Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CAF\/18\/08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAF\/18\/08"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000589","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RE\/18\/5\/34216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RE\/18\/5\/34216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010898","name":"Edinburgh and Lothians Health Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012\/17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012\/17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010898","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000377","name":"Dunhill Medical Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R380R\/1114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R380R\/1114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"UKRI Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000848","name":"The University of Edinburgh","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000364","name":"Stroke Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SAPG 19\\\\100068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAPG 19\\\\100068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000364","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000364","name":"Stroke Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SAPDF 18\/100026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAPDF 18\/100026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000364","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012479","name":"Weston Brain Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002283","name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FID3668413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FID3668413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002283","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroscience Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]],"date-time":"2023-12-26T11:08:59Z","timestamp":1703588939000},"page":"110037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Influence of threshold selection and image sequence in in-vivo segmentation of enlarged perivascular spaces"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"403","author":[{"given":"Maria del C.","family":"Vald\u00e9s Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Duarte Coello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Ballerini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stewart J.","family":"Wiseman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca M.","family":"Chappell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Una","family":"Clancy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Jaime Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Arteaga Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-Fang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Will","family":"Hewins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fergus","family":"Doubal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Thrippleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Jochems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalind","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna M.","family":"Wardlaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.07.015","article-title":"Sleep and brain morphological changes in the eighth decade of life","volume":"65","author":"Aribisala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2023.03.016","article-title":"Sleep quality, perivascular spaces and brain health markers in ageing - A longitudinal study in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936","volume":"106","author":"Aribisala","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sleep. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2016.07.011","article-title":"Application of the ordered logit model to optimising frangi filter parameters for segmentation of perivascular spaces","volume":"90","author":"Ballerini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19781-5","article-title":"Perivascular spaces segmentation in brain MRI using optimal 3D filtering","volume":"8","author":"Ballerini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.102120","article-title":"Computational quantification of brain perivascular space morphologies: associations with vascular risk factors and white matter hyperintensities. A study in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936","volume":"25","author":"Ballerini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20972856","article-title":"Body mass index, time of day and genetics affect perivascular spaces in the white matter","volume":"41","author":"Barisano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.889884","article-title":"Topological relationships between perivascular spaces and progression of white matter hyperintensities: a pilot study in a sample of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936","volume":"13","author":"Barnes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2022.07.016","article-title":"Assessment of perivascular space filtering methods using a three-dimensional computational model","volume":"93","author":"Bernal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Magn. Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernal, J., Vald\u00e9s Hern\u00e1ndez, M., Ballerini, L., Escudero, J., Jochems, A.C.C., Clancy, U., Doubal, F.N., Stringer, M.S., Thrippleton, M.J., Touyz, R.M., Wardlaw, J.M. (2020). A Framework for Jointly Assessing and Reducing Imaging Artefacts Automatically Using Texture Analysis and Total Variation Optimisation for Improving Perivascular Spaces Quantification in Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging. In: Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pp. 171\u2013183, edited by Papie\u017c, B.W., Namburete, A.I.L., Yaqub, M., Noble, J.A. (2020). Cham: Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-52791-4_14"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernal, J., Xu, W., Vald\u00e9s Hern\u00e1ndez, M., Escudero, J., Jochems, A.C.C., Clancy, U., Doubal, F.N., Stringer, M.S., Thrippleton, M.J., Touyz, R.M., Wardlaw, J.M. 2021 Selective motion artefact reduction via radiomics and k-space reconstruction for improving perivascular space quantification in brain magnetic resonance imaging. in preparation in: Medical Image Understanding and Analysis. (2021). Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-80432-9_12"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017170205","article-title":"MR Imaging\u2013based multimodal autoidentification of perivascular spaces (mMAPS): automated morphologic segmentation of enlarged perivascular spaces at clinical field strength","volume":"286","author":"Boespflug","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2021.641600","article-title":"3D Segmentation of perivascular spaces on T1-Weighted 3 Tesla MR images with a convolutional autoencoder and a U-shaped neural network","volume":"15","author":"Boutinaud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Neuroinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy113","article-title":"Understanding the role of the perivascular space in cerebral small vessel disease","volume":"114","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib14","unstructured":"C.H. Sudre K. Van Wijnen F. Dubost H. Adams D. Atkinson F. Barkhof M.A. Birhanu E.E. Bron R. Camarasa N. Chaturvedi Y. Chen Z. Chen S. Chen Q. Dou T. Evans I. Ezhov H. Gao M. Girones Sanguesa J. Domingo Gispert the ALFA study, for 2021Where Is. VALDO? Vasc. Lesions Detect. Segm. Chall. MICCAI 2022 doi:\u00a010.48550\/arxiv.2208.07167."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5313","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25194","article-title":"MRI-visible dilated perivascular spaces in healthy young adults: a twin heritability study","volume":"41","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987320929617","article-title":"Rationale and design of a longitudinal study of cerebral small vessel diseases, clinical and imaging outcomes in patients presenting with mild ischaemic stroke: Mild Stroke Study 3","volume":"6","author":"Clancy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Stroke J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2003.823061","article-title":"An object-based approach for detecting small brain lesions: application to virchow-robin spaces","volume":"23","author":"Descombes","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.564914","article-title":"Enlarged perivascular spaces on MRI are a feature of cerebral small vessel disease","volume":"41","author":"Doubal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00131-X","article-title":"Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease-advances since 2013","volume":"22","author":"Duering","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02268-w","article-title":"Genomics of perivascular space burden unravels early mechanisms of cerebral small vessel disease","volume":"29","author":"Duperron","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.149.2.351","article-title":"MR signal abnormalities at 1.5 T in Alzheimer's dementia and normal aging","volume":"149","author":"Fazekas","year":"1987","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493019830321","article-title":"Perivascular spaces and their associations with risk factors, clinical disorders and neuroimaging features: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Francis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib23","series-title":"edited by","first-page":"130","article-title":"Multiscale vessel enhancement filtering","author":"Frangi","year":"1998"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R32","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/61\/5\/R32","article-title":"Motion correction in MRI of the brain","volume":"61","author":"Godenschweger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Med Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01495-4","article-title":"Cerebral small vessel disease burden and longitudinal cognitive decline from age 73 to 82: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936","volume":"11","author":"Hamilton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.624732","article-title":"Factors associated with the dilation of perivascular space in healthy elderly subjects","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2550102","article-title":"Enhancement of vascular structures in 3D and 2D angiographic images","volume":"35","author":"Jerman","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2583","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-015-1581-6","article-title":"The glymphatic system: a beginner\u2019s guide","volume":"40","author":"Jessen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kruggel, F., Chalopin, C., Descombes, X., Kovalev, V., Rajapakse, J.C. 2002. Segmentation of pathological features in MRI brain datasets. ICONIP 2002 - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Neural Information Processing: Computational Intelligence for the E-Age, 5, 2673\u20132677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICONIP.2002.1201981.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICONIP.2002.1201981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lamy, J., Merveille, O., Kerautret, B., Passat, N., Vacavant, A. 2021. Vesselness filters: A survey with benchmarks applied to liver imaging. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR48806.2021.9412362"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2018.02.009","article-title":"Multi-channel multi-scale fully convolutional network for 3D perivascular spaces segmentation in 7T MR images","volume":"46","author":"Lian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2020.02.015","article-title":"Quantification of visible Virchow\u2013Robin spaces for detecting the functional status of the glymphatic system in children with newly diagnosed idiopathic generalized epilepsy","volume":"78","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.599724","article-title":"The association between perivascular spaces and cerebral blood flow, brain volume, and cardiovascular risk","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McRobbie, D.W., Moore, E.A., Graves, M.J., Prince, M.R. (2006). MRI From Picture to Proton, 2nd Ed, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511545405"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20160381","article-title":"Perivascular spaces, glymphatic dysfunction, and small vessel disease","volume":"131","author":"Mestre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1003522","article-title":"Perivascular spaces as a marker of disease severity and neurodegeneration in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia","volume":"16","author":"Moses","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28369","article-title":"Automated methods for detecting and quantitation of enlarged perivascular spaces on MRI","volume":"57","author":"Moses","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5734","article-title":"Quantitative MRI of perivascular spaces at 3T for early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment","volume":"39","author":"Niazi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.03.076","article-title":"Segmentation of perivascular spaces in 7 T MR image using auto-context model with orientation-normalized features","volume":"134","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1021311","article-title":"A critical guide to the automated quantification of perivascular spaces in magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"16","author":"Pham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7447","article-title":"Link between Mild traumatic brain injury, poor sleep, and magnetic resonance imaging: visible perivascular spaces in veterans","volume":"38","author":"Piantino","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1159\/000375153","article-title":"Cerebral perivascular spaces visible on magnetic resonance imaging: development of a qualitative rating scale and its observer reliability","volume":"39","author":"Potter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1111\/ijs.12054","article-title":"Enlarged perivascular spaces and cerebral small vessel disease","volume":"10","author":"Potter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116126","article-title":"Autoidentification of perivascular spaces in white matter using clinical field strength T1 and FLAIR MR imaging","volume":"202","author":"Schwartz","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48910-x","article-title":"Image processing approaches to enhance perivascular space visibility and quantification using MRI","volume":"9","author":"Sepehrband","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2020.12.010","article-title":"Volumetric distribution of perivascular space in relation to mild cognitive impairment","volume":"99","author":"Sepehrband","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2020.2972547","article-title":"A k-Space model of movement artefacts: application to segmentation augmentation and artefact removal","volume":"39","author":"Shaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib48","article-title":"Automatic quantification of perivascular spaces in T2-weighted images at 7 T MRI","volume":"3","author":"Spijkerman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cereb. Circ. Cogn. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uchiyama, Y., Kunieda, T., Asano, T., Kato, H., Hara, T., Kanematsu, M., Iwama, T., Hoshi, H., Kinosada, Y., Fujita, H. 2008. Computer-aided diagnosis scheme for classification of lacunar infarcts and enlarged Virchow-Robin spaces in brain MR images. Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS\u201908 - \u201cPersonalized Healthcare through Technology,\u201d 3908\u20133911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEMBS.2008.4650064.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2008.4650064"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-019-00128-1","article-title":"Perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale at the beginning of the 8th decade of life: effect on cognition and associations with mineral deposition","volume":"14","author":"Vald\u00e9s Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24047","article-title":"Towards the automatic computational assessment of enlarged perivascular spaces on brain magnetic resonance images: a systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Vald\u00e9s Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib52","unstructured":"Vald\u00e9s Hern\u00e1ndez C. Maria del Ballerini Lucia Glatz Andreas S. Aribisala, Benjamin Bastin Mark E. Dickie David Alexander Duarte Coello Roberto Munoz Maniega Susana Wardlaw M. Joanna Step-by-step pipeline for segmenting enlarged perivascular spaces from 3D T2-weighted MRI, 2018\u20132023 [software]. University of Edinburgh. College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine. Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences 2023 doi:\u00a010.7488\/ds\/7486."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib53","first-page":"234","article-title":"Automated lesion detection by regressing intensity-based distance with a neural network. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 11767","author":"van Wijnen","year":"2019","journal-title":"LNCS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26475","article-title":"5-Year Associations among cerebral arterial pulsatility, perivascular space dilation, and white matter lesions","author":"Vikner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27702","article-title":"Quantity and morphology of perivascular spaces: associations with vascular risk factors and cerebral small vessel disease","volume":"54","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70124-8","article-title":"Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration","volume":"12","author":"Wardlaw","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0312-z","article-title":"Perivascular spaces in the brain: anatomy, physiology and pathology","volume":"16","author":"Wardlaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1118\/1.595782","article-title":"MR image artifacts from periodic motion: MR image artifacts from motion","volume":"12","author":"Wood","year":"1985","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24850","article-title":"Motion artifacts in MRI: a complex problem with many partial solutions: motion artifacts and correction","volume":"42","author":"Zaitsev","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1109\/42.906424","article-title":"Segmentation of brain MR images through a hidden Markov random field model and the expectation-maximization algorithm","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imag"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2803","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2016.2638918","article-title":"Structured learning for 3-D perivascular space segmentation using vascular features","volume":"64","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroscience Methods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016502702300256X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016502702300256X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T11:04:18Z","timestamp":1778670258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016502702300256X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["S016502702300256X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0270","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Influence of threshold selection and image sequence in in-vivo segmentation of enlarged perivascular spaces","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2023.110037","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110037"}}