{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:03:24Z","timestamp":1759104204579,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Asubio Pharma Co., LTD"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jni-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimmunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]],"date-time":"2018-04-26T04:30:28Z","timestamp":1524717028000},"page":"64-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Heterogeneity of auto-antibodies against nAChR in myasthenic serum and their pathogenic roles in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"320","author":[{"given":"Ryuichi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Makino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Hanada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maki","family":"Terakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Nagahira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jyoji","family":"Yamate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Shiraishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masakatsu","family":"Motomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00015.2008","article-title":"Mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: from structure to function","volume":"89","author":"Albuquerque","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2010.01.011","article-title":"Different interaction between tricyclic antidepressants and mecamylamine with the human alpha3beta4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ion channel","volume":"56","author":"Arias","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2007.12.011","article-title":"Complement-dependent and complement-independent cytotoxicity of polyclonal antithymocyte globulins in chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"32","author":"Ayuk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(96)12488-5","article-title":"Stable functional expression of the adult subtype of human muscle acetylcholine receptor following transfection of the human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line TE671 with cDNA encoding the epsilon subunit","volume":"207","author":"Beeson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2013.12.011","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: a comprehensive review of immune dysregulation and etiological mechanisms","volume":"52","author":"Berrih-Aknin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830200208","article-title":"Complement activation by immunoglobulin does not depend solely on C1q binding","volume":"20","author":"Bindon","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7963-5","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: a clinical-immunological update","volume":"263","author":"Binks","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(87)90067-1","article-title":"Experimental myasthenia gravis induced in mice by passive transfer of human myasthenic immunoglobulin. Evidence for an ameliorating effect by alpha-fetoprotein","volume":"13","author":"Buschman","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03198.x","article-title":"Complement membrane attack is required for endplate damage and clinical disease in passive experimental myasthenia gravis in Lewis rats","volume":"146","author":"Chamberlain-Banoub","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.140.8.2589","article-title":"C5 gene influences the development of murine myasthenia gravis","volume":"140","author":"Christadoss","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2011.362","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies against ROR1 induce apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells","volume":"26","author":"Daneshmanesh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00200-9","article-title":"The role of antibodies in myasthenia gravis","volume":"202","author":"De Baets","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4909","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0630641100","article-title":"Membrane potential fluorescence: a rapid and highly sensitive assay for nicotinic receptor channel function","volume":"100","author":"Fitch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/45.3.400","article-title":"TE671 cell-based ELISA for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody determination in myasthenia gravis","volume":"45","author":"Franciotta","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3109\/08916930903555943","article-title":"Antibody effector mechanisms in myasthenia gravis-pathogenesis at the neuromuscular junction","volume":"43","author":"Gomez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199707)20:7<800::AID-MUS3>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Detection of antibody classes and subpopulations in myasthenia gravis patients using a new nonradioactive enzyme immunoassay","volume":"20","author":"Gotti","year":"1997","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.4.1919","article-title":"Human anti-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor recombinant Fab fragments isolated from thymus-derived phage display libraries from myasthenia gravis patients reflect predominant specificities in serum and block the action of pathogenic serum antibodies","volume":"158","author":"Graus","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04037.x","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis muscle antibodies examined by ELISA: IgG and IgM antibodies characterize different patient subgroups","volume":"85","author":"Hofstad","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12163","article-title":"Pathogenic immune mechanisms at the neuromuscular synapse: the role of specific antibody-binding epitopes in myasthenia gravis","volume":"275","author":"Huijbers","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.20454","article-title":"A rapid, fluorescence-based assay for detecting antigenic modulation of the acetylcholine receptor on human cell lines","volume":"76","author":"Keefe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cytometry B Clin. Cytom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108327","article-title":"Direct proof of the in vivo pathogenic role of the AChR autoantibodies from myasthenia gravis patients","volume":"9","author":"Kordas","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.02.025","article-title":"Guidelines for pre-clinical assessment of the acetylcholine receptor\u2014specific passive transfer myasthenia gravis model-recommendations for methods and experimental designs","volume":"270","author":"Kusner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.141.6.1365","article-title":"Experimental autoimmune myasthenia: a model of myasthenia gravis in rats and Guinea pigs","volume":"141","author":"Lennon","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.131611","article-title":"Fusion protein of single-chain variable domain fragments for treatment of myasthenia gravis","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2011.596293","article-title":"Evaluation of serum IgG subclass concentrations in myasthenia gravis patients","volume":"121","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.03.010","article-title":"Standardization of the experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) model by immunization of rats with Torpedo californica acetylcholine receptors\u2014recommendations for methods and experimental designs","volume":"270","author":"Losen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01019-5","article-title":"Hinge-deleted IgG4 blocker therapy for acetylcholine receptor myasthenia gravis in rhesus monkeys","volume":"7","author":"Losen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPYEOR6SGE8ZLU","article-title":"Detection of acetylcholine receptor modulating antibodies by flow cytometry","volume":"143","author":"Lozier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2011.622015","article-title":"Myasthenogenicity of the main immunogenic region and endogenous muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptors","volume":"45","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13898","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2833-09.2009","article-title":"Main immunogenic region structure promotes binding of conformation-dependent myasthenia gravis autoantibodies, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor conformation maturation, and agonist sensitivity","volume":"29","author":"Luo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-03-01082.1989","article-title":"A muscle acetylcholine receptor is expressed in the human cerebellar medulloblastoma cell line TE671","volume":"9","author":"Luther","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185976","article-title":"Analysis of peripheral B cells and autoantibodies against the anti-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor derived from patients with myasthenia gravis using single-cell manipulation tools","volume":"12","author":"Makino","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-302705","article-title":"Antibodies against the main immunogenic region of the acetylcholine receptor correlate with disease severity in myasthenia gravis","volume":"83","author":"Masuda","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(88)90170-0","article-title":"Passive transfer of myasthenia gravis by immunoglobulins: lack of correlation between AChR with antibody bound, acetylcholine receptor loss and transmission defect","volume":"84","author":"Mossman","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(99)00259-3","article-title":"Prevention of passively transferred experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis by Fab fragments of monoclonal antibodies directed against the main immunogenic region of the acetylcholine receptor","volume":"104","author":"Papanastasiou","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0180","first-page":"82","article-title":"Acetylcholine receptor antibody in myasthenia gravis: predominance of IgG subclasses 1 and 3","volume":"67","author":"Rodgaard","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.5.496","article-title":"Clinical implementation of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies","volume":"56","author":"Somnier","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2014.01.002","article-title":"Design, synthesis, and characterization of a 39 amino acid peptide mimic of the main immunogenic region of the Torpedo acetylcholine receptor","volume":"59","author":"Trinh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(98)00195-7","article-title":"High affinity single-chain Fv antibody fragments protecting the human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor","volume":"94","author":"Tsantili","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.03.003","article-title":"Complement associated pathogenic mechanisms in myasthenia gravis","volume":"12","author":"Tuzun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3847","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.7.3847","article-title":"Genetic evidence for involvement of classical complement pathway in induction of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis","volume":"171","author":"Tuzun","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(87)90092-0","article-title":"Passive transfer of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis by monoclonal antibodies to the main immunogenic region of the acetylcholine receptor","volume":"15","author":"Tzartos","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1998.tb01190.x","article-title":"Anatomy of the antigenic structure of a large membrane autoantigen, the muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor","volume":"163","author":"Tzartos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2004.12.031","article-title":"Refined structure of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at 4A resolution","volume":"346","author":"Unwin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00520","article-title":"IgG subclasses and allotypes: from structure to effector functions","volume":"5","author":"Vidarsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22273","article-title":"Ocular and generalized myasthenia gravis induced by human acetylcholine receptor gamma subunit immunization","volume":"45","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2015.10.009","article-title":"Ocular myasthenia gravis induced by human acetylcholine receptor subunit immunization in HLA DR3 transgenic mice","volume":"168","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2008.05.014","article-title":"Direct and complement dependent cytotoxicity in CLL cells from patients with high-risk early-intermediate stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treated with alemtuzumab and rituximab","volume":"32","author":"Zent","year":"2008","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroimmunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016557281830078X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016557281830078X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T08:31:47Z","timestamp":1759048307000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016557281830078X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S016557281830078X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-5728"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0165-5728"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Heterogeneity of auto-antibodies against nAChR in myasthenic serum and their pathogenic roles in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Neuroimmunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.04.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}