{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T20:53:45Z","timestamp":1786136025831,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1RO1 NS074787-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1RO1 NS074787-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-10-1-0271"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-10-1-0271"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000890","name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jns-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Neurological Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,4]],"date-time":"2013-01-04T18:01:59Z","timestamp":1357322519000},"page":"43-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"333","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5309.71","article-title":"Marrow stromal cells as stem cells for nonhematopoietic tissues","volume":"276","author":"Prockop","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.143","article-title":"Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"284","author":"Pittenger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-1122","article-title":"In search of the in vivo identity of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"26","author":"Da Silva Meirelles","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.07.003","article-title":"A perivascular origin for mesenchymal stem cells in multiple human organs","volume":"3","author":"Crisan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600855905","article-title":"Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society For Cellular Therapy position statement","volume":"8","author":"Dominici","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0030","series-title":"Multiple sclerosis therapeutics","first-page":"520","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation to treat multiple sclerosis","author":"Mahad","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1517\/14712590903321439","article-title":"Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"9","author":"Sadan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.2174\/156652409789712774","article-title":"Stem cell and gene therapeutic strategies for the treatment of multiple sclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Siatskas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509359727","article-title":"The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation as a treatment for multiple sclerosis: consensus report of the International MSCT Study Group","volume":"16","author":"Freedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0050","first-page":"347","article-title":"Role of mesenchymal stem cells in neurogenesis and nervous system repair","volume":"59","author":"Maltman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-04-1496","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis inducing T-cell anergy","volume":"106","author":"Zappia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0060","first-page":"A407","article-title":"Mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells migrate in CNS lesions in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, differentiate into neuronal and glial line and downregulate EAE (abstract)","volume":"64","author":"Karussis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.7.9.1189","article-title":"Use of stem cells for the treatment of multiple sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Karussis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2005.03.018","article-title":"Human bone marrow stromal cell treatment improves neurological functional recovery in EAE mice","volume":"195","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21076","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells effectively modulate pathogenic immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"61","author":"Gerdoni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2005.01.005","article-title":"Immunobiology of human mesenchymal stem cells and future use in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"11","author":"Le Blanc","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2566","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200636416","article-title":"Immunoregulatory function of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"36","author":"Uccelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.2174\/187152809788462635","article-title":"Treatment of inflammatory diseases with mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"8","author":"Newman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(01)00769-X","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells suppress lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and prolong skin graft survival in vivo","volume":"30","author":"Bartholomew","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2003.01176.x","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit and stimulate mixed lymphocyte cultures and mitogenic responses independently of the major histocompatability complex","volume":"57","author":"Le Blanc","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22065","article-title":"Reciprocal Th1 and Th17 regulation by mesenchymal stem cells: implications for MS","volume":"68","author":"Darlington","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3837","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-04-1193","article-title":"Immunosuppressive effect of mesenchymal stem cells favors tumor growth in allogeneic animals","volume":"102","author":"Djouad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3722","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-07-2104","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibit the response of naive and memory antigen-specific T cells to their cognate peptide","volume":"101","author":"Krampera","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-07-2921","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells alter antigen-presenting cell maturation and induce T-cell unresponsiveness","volume":"105","author":"Beyth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3838","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.10.3838","article-title":"Human bone marrow stromal cells suppress T-lymphocyte proliferation induced by cellular or nonspecific mitogenic stimuli","volume":"99","author":"Di Nicola","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000082540.43730.80","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit the formation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, but not activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes or natural killer cells","volume":"76","author":"Rasmusson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000045055.63901.A9","article-title":"Suppression of allogeneic T-cell proliferation by human marrow stromal cells: implications in transplantation","volume":"75","author":"Tse","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0300-9475.2004.01483.x","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit the expression of CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor) and CD38 on phytohaemagglutinin-activated lymphocytes","volume":"60","author":"Le Blanc","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3691","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-02-075481","article-title":"A role for heme oxygenase-1 in the immunosuppressive effect of adult rat and human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"110","author":"Chabannes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000267918.07906.08","article-title":"Immunosuppressive effects of mesenchymal stem cells: involvement of HLA-G","volume":"84","author":"Nasef","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-2657","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells modulate B-cell functions","volume":"107","author":"Corcione","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20841","article-title":"Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells induce Th2-polarized immune response and promote endogenous repair in animal models of multiple sclerosis","volume":"57","author":"Bai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2011.02.007","article-title":"IL-17 receptor signaling and T helper 17-mediated autoimmune demyelinating disease","volume":"32","author":"Zepp","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21033","article-title":"Neural precursors attenuate autoimmune encephalomyelitis by peripheral immunosuppression","volume":"61","author":"Einstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00870","article-title":"Pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult marrow","volume":"418","author":"Jiang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02983528","article-title":"Stem cell plasticity, beyond alchemy","volume":"79","author":"Rutenberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0614","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells instruct oligodrogenic fate decision on adult neural stem cells","volume":"24","author":"Rivera","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21179","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins promote gliosis in demyelinating spinal cord lesions","volume":"62","author":"Fuller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3109","article-title":"Hepatocyte growth factor mediates mesenchymal stem cell-induced recovery in multiple sclerosis models","volume":"15","author":"Bai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.03.009","article-title":"Bone marrow for the brain?","volume":"199","author":"Brass","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000247888.25985.62","article-title":"Cell transplantation therapy for stroke","volume":"38","author":"Bliss","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612053507495","article-title":"Plasticity and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in the nervous system","volume":"11","author":"Phinney","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.03.005","article-title":"Elusive mechanisms of \u201cstem-cell\u201d-mediated repair of cerebral damage","volume":"199","author":"English","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2896","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0637","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem\/multipotent stromal cells: the state of transdifferentiation and modes of tissue repair\u2014current views","volume":"25","author":"Phinney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.06.013","article-title":"Plasticity and remodeling of brain","volume":"265","author":"Chopp","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2008.05.006","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of ischemic stroke","volume":"16","author":"Dharmasaroja","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10102","article-title":"Remyelination of the spinal cord following intravenous delivery of bone marrow cells","volume":"39","author":"Akiyama","year":"2002","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816x.2001.01814.x","article-title":"Sciatic nerve regeneration in rats induced by transplantation of in vitro differentiated bone-marrow stromal cells","volume":"14","author":"Dezawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240701376413","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate the phenotype of SOD1-G93A ALS mice","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240902806986","article-title":"Multiple administrations of human marrow stromal cells through cerebrospinal fluid prolong survival in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)02384-9","article-title":"Intracerebral transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"315","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2008-0240","article-title":"Migration of neurotrophic factor-secreting mesenchymal stem cells toward a quinolinic acid lesion as viewed by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"26","author":"Sadan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0265","first-page":"1196","article-title":"Treatment of traumatic brain injury in female rats with intravenous administration of bone marrow stromal cells","volume":"49","author":"Mahmood","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2005.01.031","article-title":"Can bone marrow-derived stem cells differentiate into functional neurons?","volume":"193","author":"Lu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3001","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200009110-00035","article-title":"Spinal cord injury in rat: treatment with bone marrow stromal cell transplantation","volume":"11","author":"Chopp","year":"2000","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.042678299","article-title":"Marrow stromal cells form guiding strands in the injured spinal cord and promote recovery","volume":"99","author":"Hofstetter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10587","article-title":"Bone marrow stromal cells enhance differentiation of cocultured neurosphere cells and promote regeneration of injured spinal cord","volume":"72","author":"Wu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47559","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047559","article-title":"Safety of cell therapy with mesenchymal stromal cells (SafeCell): a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"Lalu","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1703650","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell infusion for treatment of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) and Hurler syndrome (MPS-IH)","volume":"30","author":"Koc","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8932","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.132252399","article-title":"Isolated allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells engraft and stimulate growth in children with osteogenesis imperfecta: implications for cell therapy of bone","volume":"99","author":"Horwitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000256716.04218.5b","article-title":"Encephalopathy, stroke and myocardial infarction with DMSO use in stem cell transplantation","volume":"68","author":"Chen-Plotkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1111","article-title":"Are therapeutic human mesenchymal stromal cells compatible with human blood?","volume":"30","author":"Moll","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-12-063412","article-title":"Potential risks of bone marrow cell transplantation into infarcted hearts","volume":"110","author":"Breitbach","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.6.753","article-title":"Neuoprotection and immunomodulation with mesenchymal stem cells in chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"65","author":"Kassis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2011.02.021","article-title":"Variable behavior and complications of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplanted in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"230","author":"Grigoriadis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1118","article-title":"Analysis of tissues following mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in humans indicate limited long-term engraftment and no ectopic tissue formation","volume":"30","author":"von Bahr","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865601","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/865601","article-title":"Modulation of adult mesenchymal stem cells activity by toll-like receptors: implications on therapeutic potential","volume":"2010","author":"DelaRosa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10088","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010088","article-title":"A new mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) paradigm: polarization into a pro-inflammatory MSC1 or an immunosuppressive MSC2 phenotype","volume":"5","author":"Waterman","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802670","article-title":"Alemtuzumab vs. interferon beta-1a in early multiple sclerosis","volume":"359","author":"Coles","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.3.457","article-title":"The University of British Columbia MS\/MRI Analysis Group. TNF neutralization in MS. Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter study","volume":"53","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2012.04.013","article-title":"Possible induction of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like demyelinating illness by intrathecal mesenchymal stem cell injection","volume":"20","author":"Kishk","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0360","first-page":"50","article-title":"Does mesenchymal stem cell therapy help multiple sclerosis patients?","volume":"4","author":"Moyeddin Bonab","year":"2007","journal-title":"Iran J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.08.009","article-title":"Autologous mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells: practical considerations","volume":"265","author":"Scolding","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-7-29","article-title":"Non-expanded adipose stromal vascular fraction cell therapy for multiple sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Riordan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2010.07.013","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study","volume":"227","author":"Yamout","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.248","article-title":"Safety and immunologic effects of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"67","author":"Karussis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70305-2","article-title":"Autologous mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: an open-label phase 2a proof-of-concept study","volume":"11","author":"Connick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10551","article-title":"Validation of diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging criteria for multiple sclerosis and response to interferon \u03b21a","volume":"53","author":"Barkhof","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.60.1.27","article-title":"New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis. Application in first demyelinating episode","volume":"60","author":"Tintore","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2008.03.019","article-title":"Effect of plating density and culture time on bone marrow stromal cell characteristics","volume":"36","author":"Neuhuber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240802684194","article-title":"Optimizing in vitro conditions for immunomodulation and expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"11","author":"Samuelsson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0410","first-page":"1208","article-title":"No alloantibodies against mesenchymal stromal cells, but presence of anti-fetal calf serum antibodies, after transplantation in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell recipients","volume":"92","author":"Sundin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Haematologia (Budap)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2009.08.009","article-title":"Optimizing mesenchymal stem cell-based theraputics","volume":"20","author":"Wagner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.10.014","article-title":"Overexpression of CNTF in mesenchymal stem cells reduces demyelination and induces clinical recovery in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice","volume":"206","author":"Lu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4857","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.11.4857","article-title":"Cultured adherent cells from marrow can serve as long-lasting precursor cells for bone, cartilage, and lung in irradiated mice","volume":"92","author":"Pereira","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.3.1142","article-title":"Marrow stromal cells as a source of progenitor cells for nonhematopoietic tissues in transgenic mice with a phenotype of osteogenesis imperfecta","volume":"95","author":"Pereira","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(00)00483-5","article-title":"Evidence for migration of donor bone marrow stromal cells into recipient thymus after bone marrow transplantation plus bone grafts: a role of stromal cells in positive selection","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.4.1005","article-title":"Therapeutic benefit of intravenous administration of bone marrow stromal cells after cerebral ischemia in rats","volume":"32","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(00)00635-4","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells are capable of homing to the bone marrow of non-human primates following systemic infusion","volume":"29","author":"Devine","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1159\/000047856","article-title":"The dynamic in vivo distribution of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells after infusion","volume":"169","author":"Gao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000048488.35010.95","article-title":"Migration of mesenchymal stem cells to heart allografts during chronic rejection","volume":"75","author":"Wu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000128334.93343.B3","article-title":"Dynamic of distribution of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells after transplantation into adult unconditioned mice","volume":"78","author":"Allers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240802419302","article-title":"Survival of human mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue after xenogenic transplantation in immunocompetent mice","volume":"10","author":"Niemeyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-007-0036-8","article-title":"Distribution of mesenchymal stem cells in the area of tissue inflammation after transplantation of the cell material via different routes","volume":"143","author":"Sokolova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bull Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10285","article-title":"Comparative analysis of remyelinating potential of focal and intravenous administration of autologous bone marrow cells into the rat demyelinated spinal cord","volume":"44","author":"Inoue","year":"2003","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3307","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-1874","article-title":"Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of gliomas","volume":"65","author":"Nakamizo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.452","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells home to injured tissues when co-infused with hematopoietic cells to treat a radiation-induced multi-organ failure syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Chapel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gene Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.12.1666","article-title":"Treatment of stroke in rat with intracarotid administration of marrow stromal cells","volume":"56","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23612","article-title":"A randomized trial of mesenchymal stem cells in multiple system atrophy","volume":"72","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2009.02.001","article-title":"Intranasal delivery of cells to the brain","volume":"88","author":"Danielyan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2010.1130","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of intranasally delivered mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model of Parkinson disease","volume":"14","author":"Danielyan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rejuvenation Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0510","first-page":"50","article-title":"Does mesenchymal stem cell therapy help multiple sclerosis patients? Report of a pilot study","volume":"4","author":"Mohyeddin Bonab","year":"2007","journal-title":"Iran J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509104590","article-title":"Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in treatment of multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2010.44","article-title":"Safety and feasibility of autologous bone marrow cellular therapy in relapsing-progressive multiple sclerosis","volume":"87","author":"Rice","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(99)00101-0","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells remain host-derived despite successful hematopoietic engraftment after allogeneic transplantation in patients with lysosomal and peroxisomal storage diseases","volume":"27","author":"Koc","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/6529","article-title":"Transplantability and therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells in children with osteogenesis imperfecta","volume":"5","author":"Horwitz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000214462.63943.14","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of therapy-resistant graft-versus-host disease","volume":"81","author":"Ringden","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4386","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-10-115725","article-title":"Donor cell-specific osteopoiesis originates from a self-renewing stem cell with a limited regenerative contribution after transplantation","volume":"111","author":"Dominici","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60690-X","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of steroid-resistant, severe, acute graft-versus-host disease: a phase II study","volume":"371","author":"Le Blanc","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s11373-004-8183-7","article-title":"T cell responses to allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cells: immunogenicity, tolerance, and suppression","volume":"12","author":"Klyushnenkova","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0307140","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells fail to trigger effector functions of cytotoxic T lymphocytes","volume":"82","author":"Rasmusson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2008.03.012","article-title":"Adult human mesenchymal stem cells added to corticosteroid therapy for the treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease","volume":"15","author":"Kebriaei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.06.055","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study of entravenous adult human mesenchymal stem cells (Prohymal) after acute myocardial infarction","volume":"54","author":"Hare","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.123463","article-title":"Allogenic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: a pilot clinical study","volume":"69","author":"Liang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.5.1227","article-title":"Clinical responses to bone marrow transplantation in children with severe osteogenesis perfecta","volume":"97","author":"Horwitz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2004.06.001","article-title":"Replacement of recipient stromal\/mesenchymal cells after bone marrow transplantation using bone fragments and cultured osteoblast-like cells","volume":"10","author":"Cahill","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.217","article-title":"Direct imaging of immune rejection and memory induction by allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"27","author":"Zangi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2005.05.006","article-title":"T-cell suppression mediated by mesenchymal stem cells is deficient in patients with severe aplastic anemia","volume":"33","author":"Bacigalupo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10118","article-title":"Reduced chondrogenic and adipogenic activity of mesenchymal stem cells from patients with advanced osteoarthritis","volume":"46","author":"Murphy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22035","article-title":"Bone marrow endothelial progenitors are defective in systemic sclerosis","volume":"54","author":"Del Papa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.076174","article-title":"Functional, molecular and proteomic characterisation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"67","author":"Kastrinaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel267","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) from healthy donors and auto-immune disease patients reduce the proliferation of autologous- and allogeneic-stimulated lymphocytes in vitro","volume":"46","author":"Bocelli-Tyndall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.071233","article-title":"Phenotypical and functional characteristics of in vitro expanded bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"67","author":"Larghero","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705179","article-title":"Normal bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell reserves and normal stromal cell function support the use of autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"36","author":"Papadaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510371959","article-title":"Characterization of in vitro expanded bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells from patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"16","author":"Mallam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.05.006","article-title":"Differences in mesenchymal stem cell cytokine profiles between MS patients and healthy donors: implications for assessment of disease activity and treatment","volume":"199","author":"Mazzanti","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022510X12006338?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022510X12006338?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T20:04:34Z","timestamp":1786133074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022510X12006338"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"references-count":126,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022510X12006338"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-510X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-510X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2012.12.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}