{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:46:11Z","timestamp":1792586771994,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":200,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jns-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Neurological Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,26]],"date-time":"2019-12-26T12:18:51Z","timestamp":1577362731000},"page":"116648","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Maintenance immunosuppression in myasthenia gravis, an update"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"410","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Morren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuebing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.26.11.1054","article-title":"Antibody to acetylcholine receptor in myasthenia gravis. Prevalence, clinical correlates, and diagnostic value","volume":"26","author":"Lindstrom","year":"1976","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20061","article-title":"Detection and characterization of MuSK antibodies in seronegative myasthenia gravis","volume":"55","author":"McConville","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22312","article-title":"Autoantibodies to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 in myasthenia gravis","volume":"69","author":"Higuchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20950","article-title":"Lifetime course of myasthenia gravis","volume":"37","author":"Grob","year":"2008","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.44","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis - autoantibody characteristics and their implications for therapy","volume":"12","author":"Gilhus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.6.1002","article-title":"Anti-MuSK myasthenia gravis presenting with purely ocular findings","volume":"62","author":"Caress","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2014.09.013","article-title":"Double seronegative myasthenia gravis with low density lipoprotein-4 (LRP4) antibodies presenting with isolated ocular symptoms","volume":"346","author":"Tsivgoulis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-829589","article-title":"Seronegative myasthenia gravis","volume":"24","author":"Vincent","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26107","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis with muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibodies: a narrative review","volume":"58","author":"Morren","year":"2018","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002790","article-title":"International consensus guidance for management of myasthenia gravis: executive summary","volume":"87","author":"Sanders","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.1.16","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: recommendations for clinical research standards","volume":"55","author":"Jaretzki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.08.057","article-title":"Maintenance immunosuppression in myasthenia gravis","volume":"369","author":"Gotterer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282X20130108","article-title":"The myasthenic patient in crisis: an update of the management in neurointensive care unit","volume":"71","author":"Godoy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arq. Neuropsiquiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000218","article-title":"Acute neuromuscular respiratory failure","volume":"21","author":"Rabinstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap. Minn)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0075","first-page":"701","article-title":"Preliminary observations of the treatment of myasthenia by azathioprine","volume":"67","author":"Delwaide","year":"1967","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Psychiatr. Belg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1971.tb07501.x","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis and myasthenic syndromes treated with prednisone","volume":"47","author":"Kjaer","year":"1971","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1126\/science.180.4088.871","article-title":"Autoimmune response to acetylcholine receptor","volume":"180","author":"Patrick","year":"1973","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/85520","article-title":"Auto-antibodies to the receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK in patients with myasthenia gravis without acetylcholine receptor antibodies","volume":"7","author":"Hoch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.2393","article-title":"Autoantibodies to lipoprotein-related protein 4 in patients with double-seronegative myasthenia gravis","volume":"69","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-6194-7","article-title":"Anti-LRP4 autoantibodies in AChR- and MuSK-antibody-negative myasthenia gravis","volume":"259","author":"Pevzner","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0105","first-page":"216","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: a clinical review of eighty-seven cases observed between 1915 and the early part of 1932","volume":"37","author":"Kennedy","year":"1937","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1953.02940230001001","article-title":"Course and management of myasthenia gravis","volume":"153","author":"GROB","year":"1953","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0115","first-page":"1","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis. An analysis of 295 cases","volume":"42","author":"Simpson","year":"1966","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.52.10.1121","article-title":"The natural course of myasthenia gravis: a long term follow up study","volume":"52","author":"Oosterhuis","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1987.tb51317.x","article-title":"The course of myasthenia gravis and therapies affecting outcome","volume":"505","author":"Grob","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/81.1.112","article-title":"An evaluation of thymectomy in myasthenia gravis","volume":"81","author":"Simpson","year":"1958","journal-title":"Brain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00315656","article-title":"A multicentre follow-up study of 1152 patients with myasthenia gravis in Italy","volume":"237","author":"Mantegazza","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/CND.0000000000000122","article-title":"Low-dose medication and long-term outcome in myasthenia gravis","volume":"18","author":"Salins","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neuromuscul. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.3109\/08916930903518107","article-title":"Immunosuppressive therapies in myasthenia gravis","volume":"43","author":"Sanders","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmunity."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2011.25.1.1","article-title":"Comparison of clinical manifestations between patients with ocular myasthenia gravis and generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"25","author":"Roh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2003.08.017","article-title":"The effect of prednisone on the progression from ocular to generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"217","author":"Monsul","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.2.243","article-title":"Development of generalized disease at 2 years in patients with ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"60","author":"Kupersmith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.1444","article-title":"Clinical utility of acetylcholine receptor antibody testing in ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"72","author":"Peeler","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199909)22:9<1222::AID-MUS8>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Ocular myasthenia gravis: predictive value of single-fiber electromyography","author":"Weinberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.62.2.156","article-title":"Ocular myasthenia gravis: response to long-term immunosuppressive treatment","volume":"62","author":"Sommer","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2017.1344237","article-title":"Factors affecting outcome in ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"128","author":"Mazzoli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.5.752","article-title":"Treatment of ocular myasthenia: steroids only when compelled","volume":"57","author":"Kaminski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26172","article-title":"Myasthenic ophthalmoparesis: time to resolution after initiating immune therapies","volume":"58","author":"Europa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2004.063404","article-title":"Ocular motor dysfunction and ptosis in ocular myasthenia gravis: effects of treatment","volume":"89","author":"Kupersmith","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000327669.75695.38","article-title":"Treatment of ocular symptoms in myasthenia gravis","volume":"71","author":"Bhanushali","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20180620-01","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of low-to-moderate dose oral corticosteroid treatment in ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"55","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Ophthalmol. Strabismus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24769","article-title":"Efficacy of prednisone for the treatment of ocular myasthenia (EPITOME): a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"53","author":"Benatar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26317","article-title":"On the double: early immunotherapy speeds recovery of ocular myasthenic weakness","volume":"58","author":"Guidon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e3182536558","article-title":"Safety of prednisone for ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"32","author":"Bruce","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neuroophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13471","article-title":"A unique subphenotype of myasthenia gravis","volume":"1412","author":"Heckmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1097\/00041327-200312000-00002","article-title":"Immunotherapy of ocular myasthenia gravis reduces conversion to generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"23","author":"Mee","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neuroophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21555","article-title":"Ocular myasthenia gravis in a senior population: diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis","volume":"41","author":"Allen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1097\/CND.0b013e31821c5634","article-title":"Ocular myasthenia gravis in an academic neuro-ophthalmology clinic: clinical features and therapeutic response","volume":"13","author":"Mittal","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neuromuscul. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12057","article-title":"The effect of early prednisolone treatment on the generalization rate in ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"20","author":"Zach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13189","article-title":"Adequate tacrolimus concentration for myasthenia gravis treatment","volume":"24","author":"Kanai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47718.x","article-title":"Alternate-day prednisone: preliminary report of a double-blind controlled study","volume":"274","author":"Howard","year":"1976","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1998.tb05968.x","article-title":"Treatment of myasthenia gravis with methylprednisolone pulse: a double blind study","volume":"97","author":"Lindberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.26.8.729","article-title":"Long-term administration of corticosteroids in myasthenia gravis","volume":"26","author":"Mann","year":"1976","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410150316","article-title":"Long-term corticosteroid treatment of myasthenia gravis: report of 116 patients","volume":"15","author":"Pascuzzi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.2.170","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: prolonged treatment with steroids","volume":"34","author":"Sghirlanzoni","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1991.tb04899.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of steroid treatment in myasthenia gravis: a retrospective study","volume":"84","author":"Cosi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1159\/000116785","article-title":"Long-term results of corticosteroid therapy in patients with myasthenia gravis","volume":"32","author":"Evoli","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000312373.67493.7f","article-title":"A trial of mycophenolate mofetil with prednisone as initial immunotherapy in myasthenia gravis","volume":"71","author":"Muscle Study Group","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000322497","article-title":"Early aggressive treatment strategy against myasthenia gravis","volume":"65","author":"Nagane","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24438","article-title":"Oral corticosteroid therapy and present disease status in myasthenia gravis","volume":"51","author":"Imai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25397","article-title":"Early fast-acting treatment strategy against generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"55","author":"Utsugisawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-316625","article-title":"Oral corticosteroid dosing regimen and long-term prognosis in generalised myasthenia gravis: a multicentre cross-sectional study in Japan","volume":"89","author":"Imai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/CND.0000000000000219","article-title":"Satisfactory response with achieving maintenance low-dose prednisone in generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"20","author":"Abuzinadah","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neuromuscul. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0320","first-page":"11","article-title":"Predictive factors of the response to treatment of myasthenia gravis with prednisone","volume":"5","author":"Pradas","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurologia."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.12.041","article-title":"Clinical predictors of steroid-induced exacerbation in myasthenia gravis","volume":"13","author":"Bae","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197401102900204","article-title":"Gradually increasing doses of prednisone in myasthenia gravis. Reducing the hazards of treatment","volume":"290","author":"Seybold","year":"1974","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197403142901120","article-title":"Letter: prednisone schedule for myasthenia gravis","volume":"290","author":"McQuillen","year":"1974","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47723.x","article-title":"Oral corticosteroids in the treatment of ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"274","author":"Fischer","year":"1976","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8966(00)00173-5","article-title":"Therapeutic options in ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"11","author":"Evoli","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuromuscul. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47717.x","article-title":"Corticotropin and corticosteroids in generalized myasthenia gravis: comparative studies and role in management","volume":"274","author":"Brunner","year":"1976","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90520-X","article-title":"Treatment of myasthenia gravis with prednisone","volume":"299","author":"Jenkins","year":"1972","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.22.6.603","article-title":"Corticosteroids in management of severe, generalized myasthenia gravis: effectiveness and comparison with corticotropin therapy","volume":"22","author":"Brunner","year":"1972","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1985.04060110031011","article-title":"High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone in myasthenia gravis","volume":"42","author":"Arsura","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02333667","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis treatment: twelve years experience on 110 patients","volume":"8","author":"Valli","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ital. J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20030","article-title":"Clinical evaluation and management of myasthenia gravis","volume":"29","author":"Keesey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-8467(87)80046-X","article-title":"Factors influencing the relapse risk at steroid dose reduction in myasthenia gravis","volume":"89","author":"Scherpbier","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.6.1778","article-title":"A randomized double-blind trial of prednisolone alone or with azathioprine in myasthenia gravis","volume":"50","author":"Palace","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.6.919","article-title":"Factors influencing outcome of prednisone dose reduction in myasthenia gravis","volume":"41","author":"Miano","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.11.1157","article-title":"A randomised clinical trial comparing prednisone and azathioprine in myasthenia gravis. Results of the second interim analysis","volume":"56","author":"Myasthenia Gravis Clinical Study Group","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21984","article-title":"Population-based assessment of adverse events associated with long-term glucocorticoid use","volume":"55","author":"Curtis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.092163","article-title":"Dose-related patterns of glucocorticoid-induced side effects","volume":"68","author":"Huscher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24213","article-title":"Health-related quality-of-life and treatment targets in myasthenia gravis","volume":"50","author":"Utsugisawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0415","first-page":"106","article-title":"Outcome of myasthenia gravis treated with high-dose prednisolone and azathioprine: a single centre ambispective study from India","volume":"26","author":"Dube","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Taiwanica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25052","article-title":"Remission and relapse of myasthenia gravis on long-term azathioprine: an ambispective study","volume":"54","author":"Gupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1987.tb51327.x","article-title":"Immunosuppressive drugs: azathioprine in the treatment of myasthenia gravis","volume":"505","author":"Matell","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410150615","article-title":"Azathioprine in the treatment of myasthenia gravis","volume":"15","author":"Witte","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410170304","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: reactivation of clinical disease and of autoimmune factors after discontinuation of long-term azathioprine","volume":"17","author":"Hohlfeld","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00314245","article-title":"Azathioprine as a single drug or in combination with steroids in the treatment of myasthenia gravis","volume":"235","author":"Mantegazza","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8966(91)90005-D","article-title":"Azathioprine in myasthenia gravis: observations in 41 patients and a review of literature","volume":"1","author":"Kuks","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neuromuscul. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1981.tb33767.x","article-title":"Effect of immunosuppressive drugs (azathioprine)","volume":"377","author":"Mertens","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1097\/CND.0000000000000133","article-title":"A review of azathioprine-associated hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression in myasthenia gravis","volume":"18","author":"Jack","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neuromuscul. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0460","first-page":"651","article-title":"Mercaptopurine pharmacogenetics: monogenic inheritance of erythrocyte thiopurine methyltransferase activity","volume":"32","author":"Weinshilboum","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.38.2.258","article-title":"Azathioprine toxicity during long-term immunosuppression of generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"38","author":"Hohlfeld","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200005)47:5<682::AID-ANA24>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Association of primary central nervous system lymphoma with long-term azathioprine therapy for myasthenia gravis?","volume":"47","author":"Herrlinger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1080\/1042819021000040189","article-title":"Prostatic involvement of a testicular lymphoma in a patient with myasthenia gravis on long-term azathioprine","volume":"43","author":"Barthelmes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Leuk. Lymphoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-004-5676-1","article-title":"Primary CNS lymphoma in myasthenic on long-term azathioprine","volume":"74","author":"Finelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neuro-Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12108","article-title":"Use of azathioprine for non-thymoma myasthenia and risk of cancer: a nationwide case-control study in Denmark","volume":"20","author":"Pedersen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.3.912-a","article-title":"Successful treatment of a patient with severe refractory myasthenia gravis using mycophenolate mofetil","volume":"51","author":"Hauser","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000312374.95186.cc","article-title":"An international, phase III, randomized trial of mycophenolate mofetil in myasthenia gravis","volume":"71","author":"Sanders","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1254.064","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil for myasthenia gravis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study","volume":"998","author":"Meriggioli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.1.94","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil: a safe and promising immunosuppressant in neuromuscular diseases","volume":"56","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000094122.88929.0B","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil for myasthenia gravis: an analysis of efficacy, safety, and tolerability","volume":"61","author":"Meriggioli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21640","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil in AChR-antibody-positive myasthenia gravis: outcomes in 102 patients","volume":"41","author":"Hehir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2012.04.016","article-title":"Opportunistic infections in myasthenia gravis treated with mycophenolate mofetil","volume":"249","author":"Termsarasab","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2009.02.007","article-title":"Tetrada of the possible mycophenolate mofetil embryopathy: a review","volume":"28","author":"Merlob","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000173031.56429.04","article-title":"Primary CNS lymphoma complicating treatment of myasthenia gravis with mycophenolate mofetil","volume":"65","author":"Vernino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21306","article-title":"T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder following mycophenolate treatment for myasthenia gravis","volume":"39","author":"Dubal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24694","article-title":"Can mycophenolate mofetil be tapered safely in myasthenia gravis? A retrospective, multicenter analysis","volume":"52","author":"Hobson-Webb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002405","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis exacerbation after discontinuing mycophenolate","volume":"86","author":"Oskarsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0550","first-page":"211","article-title":"Results of a one-year open trial of cyclosporine in ten patients with severe myasthenia gravis","volume":"20","author":"Goulon","year":"1988","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050141","article-title":"Long-term cyclosporine treatment in a group of severe myasthenia gravis patients","volume":"244","author":"Bonifati","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2005.00378.x","article-title":"Cyclosporine in the treatment of myasthenia gravis","volume":"111","author":"Lavrnic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21462","article-title":"Factors associated with response to calcineurin inhibitors in myasthenia gravis","volume":"41","author":"Nagane","year":"2010","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb22937.x","article-title":"A clinical therapeutic trial of cyclosporine in myasthenia gravis","volume":"681","author":"Tindall","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10018","article-title":"Successful treatment of myasthenia gravis with tacrolimus","volume":"25","author":"Evoli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10472","article-title":"Clinical study of FK506 in patients with myasthenia gravis","volume":"28","author":"Konishi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.042176","article-title":"Long-term treatment of generalised myasthenia gravis with FK506 (tacrolimus)","volume":"76","author":"Konishi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2010.12.012","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and immunological impact of tacrolimus in Chinese patients with generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1405.000","article-title":"Tacrolimus for myasthenia gravis: a clinical study of 212 patients","volume":"1132","author":"Ponseti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000160392.32894.6D","article-title":"Long-term results of tacrolimus in cyclosporine- and prednisone-dependent myasthenia gravis","volume":"64","author":"Ponseti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2019.02.004","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of tacrolimus therapy for myasthenia gravis: a single arm meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1159\/000085833","article-title":"Efficacy of low-dose FK506 in the treatment of myasthenia gravis--a randomized pilot study","volume":"53","author":"Nagane","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-300148","article-title":"Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of tacrolimus in myasthenia gravis","volume":"82","author":"Yoshikawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285617721092","article-title":"Tacrolimus in the treatment of myasthenia gravis in patients with an inadequate response to glucocorticoid therapy: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted in China","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.7.843","article-title":"Ryanodine receptor antibodies related to severity of thymoma associated myasthenia gravis","volume":"57","author":"Mygland","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000125254.99397.68","article-title":"Anti-ryanodine receptor antibodies and FK506 in myasthenia gravis","volume":"62","author":"Takamori","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nrl.0000256352.77668.ef","article-title":"Beneficial effect of tacrolimus on myasthenia gravis with thymoma","volume":"13","author":"Mitsui","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurologist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2004.07.013","article-title":"Benefits of FK506 (tacrolimus) for residual, cyclosporin- and prednisone-resistant myasthenia gravis: one-year follow-up of an open-label study","volume":"107","author":"Ponseti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285615571873","article-title":"The emerging role of tacrolimus in myasthenia gravis","volume":"8","author":"Cruz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/00008480-200004000-00011","article-title":"Overview of new immunosuppressive therapies","volume":"12","author":"Nevins","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-016-2769-5","article-title":"Long-term efficacy and side effects of low-dose tacrolimus for the treatment of myasthenia gravis","volume":"38","author":"Tao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3182461288","article-title":"DeKAF Investigators, Genetic and clinical determinants of early, acute calcineurin inhibitor-related nephrotoxicity: results from a kidney transplant consortium","volume":"93","author":"Jacobson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1159\/000113809","article-title":"The treatment of severe myasthenia gravis with immunosuppressive agents","volume":"2","author":"Mertens","year":"1969","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1097\/CND.0000000000000057","article-title":"Methotrexate treatment in myasthenia gravis","volume":"16","author":"Karaahmet","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neuromuscul. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-97","article-title":"A single-blinded trial of methotrexate versus azathioprine as steroid-sparing agents in generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"11","author":"Heckmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002795","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of methotrexate for patients with generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"87","author":"Pasnoor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.20169","article-title":"Response of myasthenia gravis to rituximab in a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma","volume":"77","author":"Gajra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.04.039","article-title":"Sustained response to rituximab in anti-AChR and anti-MuSK positive myasthenia gravis patients","volume":"201\u2013202","author":"Illa","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285611411503","article-title":"Response of patients with refractory myasthenia gravis to rituximab: a retrospective study","volume":"4","author":"Nowak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182407982","article-title":"Long-lasting treatment effect of rituximab in MuSK myasthenia","volume":"78","author":"D\u00edaz-Manera","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23412","article-title":"Rituximab in refractory and non-refractory myasthenia: a retrospective multicenter study","volume":"46","author":"Collongues","year":"2012","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3233\/JND-180300","article-title":"Efficacy of rituximab in refractory generalized anti-AChR myasthenia gravis","volume":"5","author":"Landon-Cardinal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neuromuscul. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.4190","article-title":"Durability of the rituximab response in acetylcholine receptor autoantibody-positive myasthenia gravis","volume":"74","author":"Robeson","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25597","article-title":"Rituximab treatment of myasthenia gravis: a systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Tandan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0725","series-title":"CADTH Rapid Response Reports","article-title":"Rituximab for the treatment of myasthenia gravis: a review of clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and guidelines - Canadian agency for drugs and technologies in health; 2018 aug","author":"Adcock","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7532-3","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of rituximab for myasthenia gravis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"262","author":"Iorio","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0735","first-page":"e2182","article-title":"2018 Emerging science abstracts","volume":"90","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0740","author":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.220475","article-title":"Use and monitoring of low dose rituximab in myasthenia gravis","volume":"82","author":"Blum","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-319410","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of patients with myasthenia gravis treated with low-dose rituximab","volume":"90","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03818.x","article-title":"Rituximab pharmacokinetics during the management of acute idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura","volume":"8","author":"Mcdonald","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000000202","article-title":"PML in a patient with myasthenia gravis treated with multiple immunosuppressing agents","volume":"6","author":"Kanth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurol. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10133","article-title":"Use of intravenous pulsed cyclophosphamide in severe, generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"26","author":"De Feo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2014.03.019","article-title":"Long-term efficacy and limitations of cyclophosphamide in myasthenia gravis","volume":"21","author":"Nagappa","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24536","article-title":"Induction intravenous cyclophosphamide followed by maintenance oral immunosuppression in refractory myasthenia gravis","volume":"52","author":"Buzzard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30369-1","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of eculizumab in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive refractory generalised myasthenia gravis (REGAIN): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study","volume":"16","author":"Howard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26447","article-title":"Long-term safety and efficacy of eculizumab in generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"60","author":"Muppidi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-019-02148-2","article-title":"Eculizumab improves fatigue in refractory generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"28","author":"Andersen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26512","article-title":"Eculizumab: a complementary addition to existing long-term therapies for myasthenia gravis","volume":"60","author":"Edmundson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0800","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev","first-page":"CD002277","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin for myasthenia gravis","author":"Gajdos","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2004000300003","article-title":"Plasmapheresis in the treatment of myasthenia gravis: retrospective study of 26 patients","volume":"62","author":"Carandina-Maffeis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arq. Neuropsiquiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(200004)23:4<551::AID-MUS14>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"Immunoglobulin treatment in refractory myasthenia gravis","volume":"23","author":"Achiron","year":"2000","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-200105000-00010","article-title":"The use of intravenous immunoglobulin as maintenance therapy in myasthenia gravis","volume":"24","author":"Hilkevich","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-8467(02)00017-3","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin monotherapy in long-term treatment of myasthenia gravis","volume":"105","author":"Wegner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-013-1621-4","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin for prophylaxis of acute exacerbation in myasthenia gravis","volume":"35","author":"Sorgun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2013.10.043","article-title":"Maintenance IVIg therapy in myasthenia gravis does not affect disease activity","volume":"338","author":"Hellmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.17","article-title":"Comparison of plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin as maintenance therapies for juvenile myasthenia gravis","volume":"71","author":"Liew","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24259","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin maintenance treatment in myasthenia gravis: a randomized, controlled trial sample size simulation","volume":"50","author":"Eienbr\u00f6ker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21533","article-title":"Clinical findings in MuSK-antibody positive myasthenia gravis: A U.S. experience","volume":"41","author":"Pasnoor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.03.004","article-title":"Diagnosis and therapy of myasthenia gravis with antibodies to muscle-specific kinase","volume":"12","author":"Evoli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0855","author":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0860","author":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-9987.2009.00684.x","article-title":"Periodic therapeutic plasma exchange in patients with moderate to severe chronic myasthenia gravis non-responsive to immunosuppressive agents: an eight year follow-up","volume":"13","author":"Triantafyllou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ther. Apher. Dial."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0159993","article-title":"Subcutaneous immunoglobulin therapy in the chronic management of myasthenia gravis: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Bourque","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285617722437","article-title":"Long-term treatment of refractory myasthenia gravis with subcutaneous immunoglobulin","volume":"10","author":"Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004365","article-title":"Subcutaneous immunoglobulin in myasthenia gravis exacerbation: a prospective, open-label trial","volume":"89","author":"Beecher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0885","author":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0890","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-829586","article-title":"Management of myasthenia gravis","volume":"24","author":"Saperstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.1.7","article-title":"Practice parameter: thymectomy for autoimmune myasthenia gravis (an evidence-based review): report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American academy of neurology","volume":"55","author":"Gronseth","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1602489","article-title":"Randomized trial of thymectomy in myasthenia gravis","volume":"375","author":"Wolfe","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30392-2","article-title":"Long-term effect of thymectomy plus prednisone versus prednisone alone in patients with non-thymomatous myasthenia gravis: 2-year extension of the MGTX randomised trial","volume":"18","author":"Wolfe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-010-0151-1","article-title":"Treatment of myasthenia gravis","volume":"11","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2012.12.053","article-title":"Outcomes after thymectomy in class I myasthenia gravis","volume":"145","author":"Mineo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2011.08.007","article-title":"Autoimmune myasthenia gravis, immunotherapy and thymectomy in children","volume":"22","author":"Ware","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuromuscul. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/CND.0b013e318253a48e","article-title":"Juvenile myasthenia gravis: a twenty-year experience","volume":"14","author":"Castro","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neuromuscul. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2013.09.013","article-title":"Outcome of children with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody positive juvenile myasthenia gravis following thymectomy","volume":"24","author":"Heng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuromuscul. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0935","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22006","article-title":"Anti-MuSK antibody myasthenia gravis: clinical findings and response to treatment in two large cohorts","volume":"44","author":"Guptill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000254620.45529.97","article-title":"Clinical comparison of anti-MuSK- vs anti-AChR-positive and seronegative myasthenia gravis","volume":"68","author":"Deymeer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0945","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312118819013","article-title":"Amifampridine phosphate in the treatment of muscle-specific kinase myasthenia gravis: a phase IIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, double crossover study","volume":"6","author":"Bonanno","year":"2018","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0950","author":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1159\/000479228","article-title":"Prompt response to prednisone predicts benign course in MuSK-MG","volume":"78","author":"Gungor-Tuncer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004341","article-title":"Rituximab as treatment for anti-MuSK myasthenia gravis: multicenter blinded prospective review","volume":"89","author":"Hehir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0965","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26404","article-title":"Thymectomy may not be associated with clinical improvement in MuSK myasthenia gravis","volume":"59","author":"Clifford","year":"2019","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26439","article-title":"The evidence is stacked against thymectomy in MuSK myasthenia gravis","volume":"59","author":"Kushlaf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0975","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2661","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007600","article-title":"Randomized phase 2 study of FcRn antagonist efgartigimod in generalized myasthenia gravis","volume":"92","author":"Howard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0980","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.102366","article-title":"Next-generation Fc receptor-targeting biologics for autoimmune diseases","volume":"18","author":"Zuercher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-019-1065-0","article-title":"Therapies directed against B-cells and downstream effectors in generalized autoimmune myasthenia gravis: current status","volume":"79","author":"Beecher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0990","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.0113","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"73","author":"Bryant","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb0995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.09.020","article-title":"Successful autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for refractory myasthenia gravis - a case report","volume":"27","author":"H\u00e5kansson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuromuscul. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648_bb1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2018.11.008","article-title":"Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with refractory seropositive myasthenia gravis: a case report","volume":"29","author":"Sossa Melo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuromuscul. Disord."}],"container-title":["Journal of the Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022510X1932413X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022510X1932413X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T15:49:11Z","timestamp":1758383351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022510X1932413X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":200,"alternative-id":["S0022510X1932413X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-510X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-510X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Maintenance immunosuppression in myasthenia gravis, an update","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116648","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116648"}}