{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:04:38Z","timestamp":1793318678250,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":142,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54GM104942"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54GM104942"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA044471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA044471"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21DA044503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21DA044503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jns-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Neurological Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,20]],"date-time":"2020-09-20T10:21:19Z","timestamp":1600597279000},"page":"117149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation, and other forms of neuromodulation for substance use disorders: Review of modalities and implications for treatment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"418","author":[{"suffix":"III","given":"James J.","family":"Mahoney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen A.","family":"Hanlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Marshalek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali R.","family":"Rezai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lothar","family":"Krinke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0005","series-title":"National SURVEY on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables","first-page":"2019","author":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0010","first-page":"1419","article-title":"Drug and opioid-involved overdose deaths \u2014 United States, 2013\u20132017","volume":"67","author":"Scholl","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.031","article-title":"Polydrug use disorders in individuals with opioid use disorder","volume":"198","author":"Hassan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6817a3","article-title":"Drug overdose deaths involving cocaine and psychostimulants with abuse potential \u2013 United States, 2003\u20132017","volume":"68","author":"Kariisa","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2013.05.005","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence: status of current treatments","volume":"23","author":"Franck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2015.11.003","article-title":"Treatment-refractory substance use disorder: focus on alcohol, opioids, and cocaine","volume":"70","author":"Soyka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1749-7","article-title":"The effect of a very brief smoking-reduction intervention in smokers who have no intention to quit: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.121","article-title":"Adjunctive counseling during brief and extended buprenorphine-naloxone treatment for prescription opioid dependence: a 2-phase randomized controlled trial","volume":"68","author":"Weiss","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10118","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32812-X","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of extended-release naltrexone versus buprenorphine-naloxone for opioid relapse prevention (X:BOT): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial","volume":"391","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14180","article-title":"Extended-release injectable naltrexone for opioid use disorder: a systematic review","volume":"113","author":"Jarvis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12479","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of substance addiction","volume":"1327","author":"Gorelick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e54","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.13010013","article-title":"Comparison of anticraving efficacy of right and left repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in alcohol dependence: a randomized double-blind study","volume":"27","author":"Mishra","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136182","article-title":"The impact of accelerated right prefrontal high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on Cue-reactivity: an fMRI study on craving in recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients","volume":"10","author":"Herremans","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.03.048","article-title":"Cortico-striatal circuits: novel therapeutic targets for substance use disorders","volume":"1628","author":"Kravitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2013.10.019","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces cigarette consumption in schizophrenia patients","volume":"49","author":"Prikryl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527314666150318114043","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to treat substance use disorders and compulsive behavior","volume":"14","author":"Protasio","year":"2015","journal-title":"CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2009.11.006","article-title":"Brain stimulation in the study and treatment of addiction","volume":"34","author":"Feil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(02)00286-3","article-title":"Nucleus accumbens shell and core dopamine: differential role in behavior and addiction","volume":"137","author":"Di Chiara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)00104-8","article-title":"Neurobiology of addiction: a neurocircuitry analysis","volume":"3","author":"Koob","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1511480","article-title":"Neurobiologic advances from the brain disease model of addiction","volume":"374","author":"Volkow","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.07.046","article-title":"The brain on drugs: from reward to addiction","volume":"162","author":"Volkow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010611-134625","article-title":"Addiction circuitry in the human brain","volume":"52","author":"Volkow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.06.712","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the effects of rTMS on motor cortical excitability and inhibition","volume":"117","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2009.10.005","article-title":"Physiology of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human brain","volume":"3","author":"Hoogendam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2011.618827","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and drug addiction","volume":"23","author":"Barr","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3032","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2016.114","article-title":"Mobilization of medial and lateral frontal-striatal circuits in cocaine users and controls: an interleaved TMS\/BOLD functional connectivity study","volume":"41","author":"Hanlon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s40473-017-0135-4","article-title":"Developing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a treatment tool for cocaine use disorder: a series of six translational studies","volume":"4","author":"Hanlon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Behav. Neurosci. Rep."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.01.003","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex reduces nicotine cue craving","volume":"73","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2018.12.018","article-title":"Gender does not matter: add-on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment for female methamphetamine dependents","volume":"92","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.02.005","article-title":"Electric field depth-focality tradeoff in transcranial magnetic stimulation: simulation comparison of 50 coil designs","volume":"6","author":"Deng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20199","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depression: a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Levkovitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00428-2","article-title":"Frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits and clinical neuropsychiatry: an update","volume":"53","author":"Tekin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8368","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0271-06.2006","article-title":"Reward-related cortical inputs define a large striatal region in primates that interface with associative cortical connections, providing a substrate for incentive-based learning","volume":"26","author":"Haber","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.3.206","article-title":"The organization of networks within the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex of rats, monkeys and humans","volume":"10","author":"Ongur","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2007.04.049","article-title":"Fronto-striatal connections in the human brain: a probabilistic diffusion tractography study","volume":"419","author":"Leh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1233-3","article-title":"Human alcohol-related neuropathology","volume":"127","author":"de la Monte","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-199806000-00004","article-title":"Echoplanar BOLD fMRI of brain activation induced by concurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"33","author":"Bohning","year":"1998","journal-title":"Investig. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.024","article-title":"Sensitized brain response to acute pain in patients using prescription opiates for chronic pain: a pilot study","volume":"200","author":"Dowdle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.5.1398","article-title":"Depression of motor cortex excitability by low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.4.847","article-title":"Responses to rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human motor cortex","volume":"117","author":"Pascual-Leone","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(94)90101-5","article-title":"Synaptic plasticity: LTP and LTD","volume":"4","author":"Bear","year":"1994","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.06.002","article-title":"One session of high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the right prefrontal cortex transiently reduces cocaine craving","volume":"86","author":"Camprodon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"10131","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30295-2","article-title":"Effectiveness of theta burst versus high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with depression (THREE-D): a randomised non-inferiority trial","volume":"391","author":"Blumberger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00317","article-title":"State-dependent effects of ventromedial prefrontal cortex continuous Thetaburst stimulation on cocaine Cue reactivity in chronic cocaine users","volume":"10","author":"Kearney-Ramos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.07.008","article-title":"Effectiveness of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with a brief exposure procedure in post-traumatic stress disorder--a pilot study","volume":"6","author":"Isserles","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.05.020","article-title":"Smoking cessation induced by deep repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the prefrontal and insular cortices: a prospective, randomized controlled trial","volume":"76","author":"Dinur-Klein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.116.013649","article-title":"Modulating neural circuits with transcranial magnetic stimulation: implications for addiction treatment development","volume":"70","author":"Hanlon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.06.007","article-title":"Transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation (tES and TMS) for addiction medicine: a consensus paper on the present state of the science and the road ahead","volume":"104","author":"Ekhtiari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3032","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2016.114","article-title":"Mobilization of medial and lateral frontal-striatal circuits in cocaine users and controls: an interleaved TMS\/BOLD functional connectivity study","volume":"41","author":"Hanlon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.01.023","article-title":"Default mode network mechanisms of transcranial magnetic stimulation in depression","volume":"76","author":"Liston","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.02.053","article-title":"What goes up, can come down: novel brain stimulation paradigms may attenuate craving and craving-related neural circuitry in substance dependent individuals","volume":"1628","author":"Hanlon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0260","first-page":"599","article-title":"Transdiagnostic effects of ventromedial prefrontal cortex transcranial magnetic stimulation on Cue reactivity","volume":"3","author":"Kearney-Ramos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci. Neuroimag."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2017.03.008","article-title":"Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in alcohol use disorder patients: effects on dopamine transporter availability and alcohol intake","volume":"27","author":"Addolorato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.11.011","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex reduces cocaine use: a pilot study","volume":"26","author":"Terraneo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.02.006","article-title":"10-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex reduces heroin Cue craving in long-term addicts","volume":"80","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00549","article-title":"Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) and transcranial unfocused ultrasound (tUS) neuromodulation: from theoretical principles to stimulation practices","volume":"10","author":"di Biase","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2018.04.010","article-title":"Noninvasive focused ultrasound for neuromodulation: a review","volume":"41","author":"Bowary","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin. North Am."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-018-00691-3","article-title":"Focused ultrasound for neuromodulation","volume":"16","author":"Darrow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1275","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006279","article-title":"Focused ultrasound thalamotomy in Parkinson disease: nonmotor outcomes and quality of life","volume":"91","author":"Sperling","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70048-6","article-title":"MR-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor: a proof-of-concept study","volume":"12","author":"Lipsman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21801","article-title":"High-intensity focused ultrasound for noninvasive functional neurosurgery","volume":"66","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev302","article-title":"deSouza NM. The use of high-intensity focused ultrasound as a novel treatment for painful conditions-a description and narrative review of the literature","volume":"115","author":"Brown","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-0011-2","article-title":"Pain palliation in patients with bone metastases using MR-guided focused ultrasound surgery: a multicenter study","volume":"16","author":"Liberman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Oncol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086939","article-title":"Increased anatomical specificity of neuromodulation via modulated focused ultrasound","volume":"9","author":"Mehic","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4976339","article-title":"Accurate simulation of transcranial ultrasound propagation for ultrasonic neuromodulation and stimulation","volume":"141","author":"Robertson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.02.058","article-title":"Focused ultrasound modulates region-specific brain activity","volume":"56","author":"Yoo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0335","first-page":"187","article-title":"A review on brain stimulation using low intensity focused ultrasound","volume":"7","author":"Rezayat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04529-6","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier opening in Alzheimer\u2019s disease using MR-guided focused ultrasound","volume":"9","author":"Lipsman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34026","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34026","article-title":"Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation of human primary visual cortex","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.08.028","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation in movement and psychiatric disorders","volume":"61","author":"Hardesty","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133591","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis of treatment outcome and predictors of response","volume":"10","author":"Alonso","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135524","article-title":"Effects of deep brain stimulation on the lived experience of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients: in-depth interviews with 18 patients","volume":"10","author":"de Haan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.122","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"67","author":"Denys","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.11.023","article-title":"A randomized sham-controlled trial of deep brain stimulation of the ventral capsule\/ventral striatum for chronic treatment-resistant depression","volume":"78","author":"Dougherty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.55","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the ventral internal capsule\/ventral striatum for obsessive-compulsive disorder: worldwide experience","volume":"15","author":"Greenberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2384","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301165","article-title":"Three-year outcomes in deep brain stimulation for highly resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"31","author":"Greenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065709001975","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of epilepsy","volume":"19","author":"Hamani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Neural Syst."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.043273","article-title":"Tourette\u2019s syndrome and deep brain stimulation","volume":"76","author":"Houeto","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22089","article-title":"A phase I trial of deep brain stimulation of memory circuits in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"68","author":"Laxton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-53497-2.00022-X","article-title":"Evaluating the potential of deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant anorexia nervosa","volume":"116","author":"Lipsman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2246","article-title":"Neurosurgical treatment of anorexia nervosa: review of the literature from leucotomy to deep brain stimulation","volume":"21","author":"Lipsman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Eat. Disord. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160017","article-title":"A phase II study of fornix deep brain stimulation in mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"54","author":"Lozano","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.02.014","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"45","author":"Mayberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E136","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx630","article-title":"Letter: feasibility of nucleus Accumbens deep brain stimulation for morbid, treatment-refractory obesity","volume":"82","author":"Rezai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001190","article-title":"Improved function after deep brain stimulation for chronic, severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"79","author":"Rezai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.2.JNS12903","article-title":"Lateral hypothalamic area deep brain stimulation for refractory obesity: a pilot study with preliminary data on safety, body weight, and energy metabolism","volume":"119","author":"Whiting","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-015-0504-1","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for chronic pain","volume":"19","author":"Falowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Pain Headache Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.02.012","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of nucleus accumbens on heroin-seeking behaviors: a case report","volume":"69","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2012.196","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens and its usefulness in severe opioid addiction","volume":"19","author":"Kuhn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-104507","article-title":"Nucleus Accumbens deep brain stimulation for alcohol addiction \u2013 safety and clinical long-term results of a pilot trial","volume":"49","author":"Muller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11071108","article-title":"Neurocognitive response to deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case report","volume":"168","author":"Grant","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-006-0404-8","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens and the internal capsule in therapeutically refractory Tourette-syndrome","volume":"254","author":"Kuhn","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-006579","article-title":"Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens for comorbid obsessive compulsive disorder and Tourette\u2019s syndrome","volume":"2012","author":"Sachdev","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000360570.40339.64","article-title":"Smoking cessation and weight loss after chronic deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens: therapeutic and research implications: case report","volume":"66","author":"Mantione","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2015.05.007","article-title":"Non-linear effects of transcranial direct current stimulation as a function of individual baseline performance: evidence from biparietal tDCS influence on lateralized attention bias","volume":"69","author":"Benwell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00641","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): a Beginner\u2019s guide for design and implementation","volume":"11","author":"Thair","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.10.1899","article-title":"Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans","volume":"57","author":"Nitsche","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/da.23004","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in depressive episodes","author":"Razza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S195840","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with anxiety: current perspectives","volume":"16","author":"Stein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2015.12.018","article-title":"A systematic review of the clinical efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in psychiatric disorders","volume":"74","author":"Kekic","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-018-9393-5","article-title":"Efficacy of invasive and non-invasive brain modulation interventions for addiction","volume":"29","author":"Luigjes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.115.164715","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation for acute major depressive episodes: meta-analysis of individual patient data","volume":"208","author":"Brunoni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.00800","article-title":"Hits and misses: leveraging tDCS to advance cognitive research","volume":"5","author":"Berryhill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00181","article-title":"The contribution of interindividual factors to variability of response in transcranial direct current stimulation studies","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0525","first-page":"1","article-title":"Application of transcranial direct current stimulation in psychiatry","author":"Herrera-Melendez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0105","article-title":"Cortical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex with transcranial direct current stimulation reduces cue-provoked smoking craving: a randomized, sham-controlled study","volume":"69","author":"Fregni","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.07.041","article-title":"Cumulative priming effects of cortical stimulation on smoking cue-induced craving","volume":"463","author":"Boggio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.06.011","article-title":"Prefrontal cortex modulation using transcranial DC stimulation reduces alcohol craving: a double-blind, sham-controlled study","volume":"92","author":"Boggio","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.07.003","article-title":"Behavioral effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induced dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plasticity in alcohol dependence","volume":"107","author":"da Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Paris"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyv066","article-title":"A randomized placebo-controlled trial of targeted prefrontal cortex modulation with bilateral tDCS in patients with crack-cocaine dependence","volume":"18","author":"Batista","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.06.019","article-title":"Modulation of risk-taking in marijuana users by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)","volume":"112","author":"Boggio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.07.083","article-title":"Battery powered thought: enhancement of attention, learning, and memory in healthy adults using transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"85","author":"Coffman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720814538815","article-title":"Using noninvasive brain stimulation to accelerate learning and enhance human performance","volume":"56","author":"Parasuraman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Factors"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.13020","article-title":"Effectiveness of Neurostimulation Technologies for the Management of chronic pain: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Hofmeister","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0575","series-title":"Brief Summary of Safety Information for the VNS Therapy\u00ae System J","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.11.003","article-title":"Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) for treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial (cMPsE02)","volume":"9","author":"Bauer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"issue":"24 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0585","first-page":"S507","article-title":"Review of evidence on noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of migraine: efficacy, safety, and implications","volume":"24","author":"Mwamburi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Manag. Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000930","article-title":"Modulation of brainstem activity and connectivity by respiratory-gated auricular vagal afferent nerve stimulation in migraine patients","volume":"158","author":"Garcia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.02.059","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits heroin-seeking behavior induced by heroin priming or heroin-associated cues in rats","volume":"494","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.043539.116","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation reduces cocaine seeking and alters plasticity in the extinction network","volume":"24","author":"Childs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00854","article-title":"Current directions in the auricular Vagus nerve stimulation I \u2013 a physiological perspective","volume":"13","author":"Kaniusas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"52","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000013845","article-title":"Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in treating major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"97","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-01732-5","article-title":"Neural networks and the anti-inflammatory effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in depression","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0620","author":"Food and Drug Administration"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2017.1295459","article-title":"Neuromodulation with percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation is associated with reduction in signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal: a multisite, retrospective assessment","volume":"44","author":"Miranda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0630","author":"Food and Drug Administration"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2018.11.013","article-title":"Double-blind, sham-controlled, pilot study of trigeminal nerve stimulation for attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"58","author":"McGough","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0640","article-title":"Subcutaneous trigeminal nerve field stimulation for refractory facial pain","volume":"123","author":"Jakobs","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2017.09.004","article-title":"An audit of external trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNS) in epilepsy","volume":"52","author":"Slaght","year":"2017","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.03.025","article-title":"Effect of a 10-day transcutaneous trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) protocol for depression amelioration: a randomized, double blind, and sham-controlled phase II clinical trial","volume":"95","author":"Generoso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-5-46","article-title":"Psychological benefits 2 and 4 weeks after a single treatment with near infrared light to the forehead: a pilot study of 10 patients with major depression and anxiety","volume":"5","author":"Schiffer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Funct."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2016-0087","article-title":"The potential of transcranial photobiomodulation therapy for treatment of major depressive disorder","volume":"28","author":"Salehpour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2017.06.025","article-title":"Transcranial low-level laser therapy improves brain mitochondrial function and cognitive impairment in D-galactose-induced aging mice","volume":"58","author":"Salehpour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2007.07.014","article-title":"Emotional responses and memory performance of middle-aged CD1 mice in a 3D maze: effects of low infrared light","volume":"89","author":"Michalikova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-004-0307-9","article-title":"Use of low-energy laser as adjunct treatment of alcohol addiction","volume":"19","author":"Zalewska-Kaszubska","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lasers Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.05.038","article-title":"Alcohol use disorder relapse factors: a systematic review","volume":"278","author":"Sliedrecht","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093351","article-title":"The role of craving in substance use disorders: theoretical and methodological issues","volume":"12","author":"Sayette","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.09.013","article-title":"Neuromodulation for substance addiction in human subjects: a review","volume":"95","author":"Bari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12405","article-title":"Neurostimulation techniques in the treatment of nicotine dependence: a review","volume":"25","author":"Rachid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Addict."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.13108","article-title":"A systematic review of noninvasive brain stimulation for opioid use disorder","volume":"23","author":"Ward","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/pha0000289","article-title":"A case report illustrating the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cue-induced craving in an individual with opioid and cocaine use disorder","volume":"28","author":"Mahoney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149_bb0710","series-title":"Deep Brain Stimulation of the Nucleus Accumbens\/Ventral Capsule for Co-Occurring Opioid and Benzodiazepine Use Disorder","author":"Mahoney","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022510X2030486X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022510X2030486X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T15:55:15Z","timestamp":1758383715000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022510X2030486X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":142,"alternative-id":["S0022510X2030486X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-510X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-510X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation, and other forms of neuromodulation for substance use disorders: Review of modalities and implications for treatment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117149"}}