{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T08:49:10Z","timestamp":1790758150828,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]],"date-time":"2020-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587168000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":322,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Centers in Minority Institutions program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G12RR003061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G12RR003061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20MD000173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20MD000173"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000064","name":"National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AT003719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AT003719"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000064","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21NS099838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21NS099838"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000179","name":"Office of the Director","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21OD024896"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21OD024896"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000179","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30GM114737"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30GM114737"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, National Institute of Food and Agriculture","award":["HAW05023-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HAW05023-R"]}]},{"name":"Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, National Institute of Food and Agriculture","award":["HAW00598-H"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HAW00598-H"]}]},{"name":"Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, National Institute of Food and Agriculture","award":["W3122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W3122"]}]},{"name":"Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, National Institute of Food and Agriculture","award":["HAW00526-H"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HAW00526-H"]}]},{"name":"Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, National Institute of Food and Agriculture","award":["2004-34135-15182"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2004-34135-15182"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008782","name":"University of Hawaii","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,22]],"date-time":"2019-03-22T22:56:58Z","timestamp":1553295418000},"page":"16-32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Momordica charantia (bitter melon) modulates adipose tissue inflammasome gene expression and adipose-gut inflammatory cross talk in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Pratibha V.","family":"Nerurkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniella","family":"Orias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek R.","family":"Nerurkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0005","first-page":"139239","article-title":"Adipose tissue in obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance: cells, cytokines, and chemokines","volume":"2013","author":"Makki","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISRN Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01004.x","article-title":"Is obesity an inflammatory illness? Role of low-grade inflammation and macrophage infiltration in human white adipose tissue","volume":"113","author":"Cancello","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4652(2001)9999:9999<000::AID-JCP1038>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"Altered macrophage-like functions of preadipocytes in inflammation and genetic obesity","volume":"186","author":"Cousin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803632","article-title":"Human adipose tissue macrophages are of an anti-inflammatory phenotype but capable of excessive pro-inflammatory mediator production","volume":"31","author":"Zeyda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2007.07.003","article-title":"Adipose tissue macrophages","volume":"112","author":"Zeyda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.2174\/138161208784246153","article-title":"Adipose tissue macrophages, low grade inflammation and insulin resistance in human obesity","volume":"14","author":"Heilbronn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1375","article-title":"Diet-induced increases in adiposity, but not plasma lipids, promote macrophage infiltration into white adipose tissue","volume":"56","author":"Coenen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0040","first-page":"347","article-title":"Role of macrophage tissue infiltration in metabolic disease","volume":"8","author":"Bouloumie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2012.01039.x","article-title":"The adipose organ: white-brown adipocyte plasticity and metabolic inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Smorlesi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI29881","article-title":"Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization","volume":"117","author":"Lumeng","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3769","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1480","article-title":"The inflammasome and caspase-1 activation: a new mechanism underlying increased inflammatory activity in human visceral adipose tissue","volume":"152","author":"Koenen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-013-0375-y","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Lontchi-Yimagou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpendmet0976","article-title":"Mechanisms of macrophage activation in obesity-induced insulin resistance","volume":"4","author":"Odegaard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E756","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00549.2013","article-title":"Sphingosine kinase 1 regulates adipose proinflammatory responses and insulin resistance","volume":"306","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2010.11.011","article-title":"The inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation controls adipocyte differentiation and insulin sensitivity","volume":"12","author":"Stienstra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2022","article-title":"Fatty acid-induced NLRP3-ASC inflammasome activation interferes with insulin signaling","volume":"12","author":"Wen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2015.10.004","article-title":"Regulation of Nlrp3 inflammasome by dietary metabolites","volume":"27","author":"Camell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semmin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2279","article-title":"The NLRP3 inflammasome instigates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance","volume":"17","author":"Vandanmagsar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15324","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1100255108","article-title":"Inflammasome is a central player in the induction of obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"108","author":"Stienstra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000021","article-title":"Obesity increases the production of proinflammatory mediators from adipose tissue T cells and compromises TCR repertoire diversity: implications for systemic inflammation and insulin resistance","volume":"185","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04516","article-title":"Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome","volume":"440","author":"Martinon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23286","article-title":"Gene polymorphisms in the NALP3 inflammasome are associated with interleukin-1 production and severe inflammation: relation to common inflammatory diseases?","volume":"58","author":"Verma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867324666170227121619","article-title":"Therapeutic targeting of NLRP3 inflammasomes by natural products and pharmaceuticals: a novel mechanistic approach for inflammatory diseases","volume":"24","author":"Jahan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.4.1088","article-title":"Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) reduces adiposity, lowers serum insulin and normalizes glucose tolerance in rats fed a high fat diet","volume":"133","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20051388","article-title":"Reduced adiposity in bitter melon (Momordica charantia) fed rats is associated with lower tissue triglyceride and higher plasma catecholamines","volume":"93","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509992054","article-title":"Anti-diabetic and hypoglycaemic effects of Momordica charantia (bitter melon): a mini review","volume":"102","author":"Leung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-8-64","article-title":"Momordica charantia (bitter melon) attenuates high-fat diet-associated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation","volume":"8","author":"Nerurkar","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508937430","article-title":"Momordica charantia (bitter melon) reduces plasma apolipoprotein B-100 and increases hepatic insulin receptor substrate and phosphoinositide-3 kinase interactions","volume":"100","author":"Nerurkar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2008.01.013","article-title":"Antidiabetic activities of triterpenoids isolated from bitter melon associated with activation of the AMPK pathway","volume":"15","author":"Tan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0150","first-page":"1925","article-title":"Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation by modulating cell cycle regulatory genes and promotes apoptosis","volume":"70","author":"Ray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.12.045","article-title":"Hypoglycemic effect of bitter melon compared with metformin in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients","volume":"134","author":"Fuangchan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496169","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/496169","article-title":"Beneficial role of bitter melon supplementation in obesity and related complications in metabolic syndrome","volume":"2015","author":"Alam","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0165","first-page":"81","article-title":"Bitter melon: a panacea for inflammation and cancer","volume":"14","author":"Dandawate","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.05.033","article-title":"EMCD, a hypoglycemic triterpene isolated from Momordica charantia wild variant, attenuates TNF-alpha-induced inflammation in FL83B cells in an AMP-activated protein kinase-independent manner","volume":"689","author":"Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062309","article-title":"Activation of AMPK by bitter melon triterpenoids involves CaMKKbeta","volume":"8","author":"Iseli","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4004","DOI":"10.1021\/jf800052y","article-title":"Bitter gourd suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses","volume":"56","author":"Kobori","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.01.028","article-title":"Suppressive effects of wild bitter gourd (Momordica charantia Linn. var. abbreviata ser.) fruit extracts on inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophages","volume":"122","author":"Lii","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511006325","article-title":"Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of conjugated linolenic acid isomers against streptozotocin-induced diabetes","volume":"108","author":"Saha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.7603\/s40681-014-0017-y","article-title":"Effect of wild bitter gourd treatment on inflammatory responses in BALB\/c mice with sepsis","volume":"4","author":"Ciou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomedicine (Taipei)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1039\/C3FO60449G","article-title":"Wild bitter gourd protects against alcoholic fatty liver in mice by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses","volume":"5","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.113.187450","article-title":"Bitter gourd inhibits the development of obesity-associated fatty liver in C57BL\/6 mice fed a high-fat diet","volume":"144","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2008.04.023","article-title":"Effects of Momordica charantia on insulin resistance and visceral obesity in mice on high-fat diet","volume":"81","author":"Shih","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084075","article-title":"Momordica charantia (bitter melon) reduces obesity-associated macrophage and mast cell infiltration as well as inflammatory cytokine expression in adipose tissues","volume":"8","author":"Bao","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2014.10.010","article-title":"Preventive effects of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) against insulin resistance and diabetes are associated with the inhibition of NF-kappaB and JNK pathways in high-fat-fed OLETF rats","volume":"26","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1080\/09637486.2016.1197185","article-title":"Effects of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) on the gut microbiota in high fat diet and low dose streptozocin-induced rats","volume":"67","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2012.0065","article-title":"Gut microbiota controls adipose tissue expansion, gut barrier and glucose metabolism: novel insights into molecular targets and interventions using prebiotics","volume":"5","author":"Geurts","year":"2014","journal-title":"Benefic Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.19625","article-title":"Involvement of gut microbiota in the development of low-grade inflammation and type 2 diabetes associated with obesity","volume":"3","author":"Cani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03866.x","article-title":"Crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the endocannabinoid system: impact on the gut barrier function and the adipose tissue","volume":"18","author":"Cani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-011-0333-6","article-title":"Gut microbiota and diabetes: from pathogenesis to therapeutic perspective","volume":"48","author":"Burcelin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0250","first-page":"483","article-title":"Gut microbiota interactions with obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: did gut microbiote co-evolve with insulin resistance?","volume":"14","author":"Esteve","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0255","first-page":"39","article-title":"Hepatotoxicity of tocilizumab and anakinra in rheumatoid arthritis: management decisions","volume":"3","author":"Mahamid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009085","article-title":"Gut microbiota in human adults with type 2 diabetes differs from non-diabetic adults","volume":"5","author":"Larsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2617","article-title":"Crosstalk between intestinal microbiota, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle as an early event in systemic low-grade inflammation and the development of obesity and diabetes","volume":"31","author":"Bleau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.10.043","article-title":"Response of gut microbiota and inflammatory status to bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) in high fat diet induced obese rats","volume":"194","author":"Bai","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0275","first-page":"611","article-title":"Bitter melon powder protects against obesity-associated fatty liver disease by improving colonic microenvironment in rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity","volume":"30","author":"Bai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Environ Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706821","article-title":"Lipid lowering effects of Momordica charantia (bitter melon) in HIV-1-protease inhibitor-treated human hepatoma cells, HepG2","volume":"148","author":"Nerurkar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.4.702","article-title":"Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein gene expression and ApoB secretion are inhibited by bitter melon in HepG2 cells","volume":"135","author":"Nerurkar","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-10-34","article-title":"Momordica charantia (bitter melon) inhibits primary human adipocyte differentiation by modulating adipogenic genes","volume":"10","author":"Nerurkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044682","article-title":"Impaired virus clearance, compromised immune response and increased mortality in type 2 diabetic mice infected with West Nile virus","volume":"7","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-11-80","article-title":"Reduced immune cell infiltration and increased pro-inflammatory mediators in the brain of type 2 diabetic mouse model infected with West Nile virus","volume":"11","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2005.09.007","article-title":"Comparative methods for multiplex analysis of cytokine protein expression in plasma of lipopolysaccharide-treated mice","volume":"32","author":"Bobrowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3655","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02667-12","article-title":"Inflammasome adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC) is critical for the immune response and survival in West Nile virus encephalitis","volume":"87","author":"Kumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2017.0114","article-title":"Momordica charantia administration improves insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"21","author":"Cortez-Navarrete","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.01.016","article-title":"Bitter gourd reduces elevated fasting plasma glucose levels in an intervention study among prediabetics in Tanzania","volume":"216","author":"Krawinkel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2017.08.016","article-title":"Host-microbiota interaction induces bi-phasic inflammation and glucose intolerance in mice","volume":"6","author":"Molinaro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2011.256","article-title":"Circulating lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) as a marker of obesity-related insulin resistance","volume":"36","author":"Moreno-Navarrete","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9861(03)00279-0","article-title":"Low resistin levels in adipose tissues and serum in high-fat fed mice and genetically obese mice: development of an ELISA system for quantification of resistin","volume":"416","author":"Maebuchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2014.11.009","article-title":"Increased resistin may suppress reactive oxygen species production and inflammasome activation in type 2 diabetic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis infection","volume":"17","author":"Chao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.06.002","article-title":"Current role of the NLRP3 inflammasome on obesity and insulin resistance: a systematic review","volume":"74","author":"Rheinheimer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2014.5","article-title":"Caspases and inflammasomes in metabolic inflammation","volume":"92","author":"Skeldon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200940207","article-title":"Sterile inflammatory responses mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome","volume":"40","author":"Cassel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-010-9440-3","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation","volume":"30","author":"Jin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2011.01043.x","article-title":"Sensing damage by the NLRP3 inflammasome","volume":"243","author":"Leemans","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8525","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i26.8525","article-title":"High fat diet feeding results in gender specific steatohepatitis and inflammasome activation","volume":"20","author":"Ganz","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-17-0351","article-title":"Eplerenone prevented obesity-induced inflammasome activation and glucose intolerance","volume":"235","author":"Wada","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.08.027","article-title":"NLRP1 inflammasome activation induces pyroptosis of hematopoietic progenitor cells","volume":"37","author":"Masters","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.01.045","article-title":"Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL regulate proinflammatory caspase-1 activation by interaction with NALP1","volume":"129","author":"Bruey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4488","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI90699","article-title":"TNF regulates transcription of NLRP3 inflammasome components and inflammatory molecules in cryopyrinopathies","volume":"127","author":"McGeough","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2197-2","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activation in murine macrophages caused by Neospora caninum infection","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0400","first-page":"51","article-title":"Pannexin1 as mediator of inflammation and cell death","volume":"2017","author":"Yanguas","year":"1864","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12286","article-title":"Initiation and perpetuation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and assembly","volume":"265","author":"Elliott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0410","first-page":"615","article-title":"NLRX1 modulates differentially NLRP3 inflammasome activation and NF-kappaB signaling during Fusobacterium nucleatum infection","volume":"20","author":"Hung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.01.001","article-title":"NLRP6: a multifaceted innate immune sensor","volume":"38","author":"Levy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00285","article-title":"Unsolved mysteries in NLR biology","volume":"4","author":"Lupfer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.11.018","article-title":"Regulation of PKD by the MAPK p38delta in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis","volume":"136","author":"Sumara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20161031","article-title":"NLRX1 dampens oxidative stress and apoptosis in tissue injury via control of mitochondrial activity","volume":"214","author":"Stokman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0435","first-page":"328","article-title":"Role of intestinal inflammation as an early event in obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"14","author":"Ding","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012191","article-title":"High-fat diet: bacteria interactions promote intestinal inflammation which precedes and correlates with obesity and insulin resistance in mouse","volume":"5","author":"Ding","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114512001213","article-title":"Influence of a high-fat diet on gut microbiota, intestinal permeability and metabolic endotoxaemia","volume":"108","author":"Moreira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0450","article-title":"High fat diet-induced gut microbiota exacerbates inflammation and obesity in mice via the TLR4 signaling pathway","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300705","article-title":"Divergent metabolic outcomes arising from targeted manipulation of the gut microbiota in diet-induced obesity","volume":"62","author":"Murphy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.10.14","article-title":"Role of the gut microbiota in defining human health","volume":"8","author":"Fujimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3000322","article-title":"The effect of diet on the human gut microbiome: a metagenomic analysis in humanized gnotobiotic mice","volume":"1","author":"Turnbaugh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.165886","article-title":"Changes in gut microbiota control inflammation in obese mice through a mechanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permeability","volume":"58","author":"Cani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2009.06.016","article-title":"Interplay between obesity and associated metabolic disorders: new insights into the gut microbiota","volume":"9","author":"Cani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.2174\/138161209788168164","article-title":"The role of the gut microbiota in energy metabolism and metabolic disease","volume":"15","author":"Cani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2011.02582.x","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of lactobacillus casei administration in a mouse model of gliadin-sensitive enteropathy","volume":"74","author":"D'Arienzo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034233","article-title":"Increased gut permeability and microbiota change associate with mesenteric fat inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in diet-induced obese mice","volume":"7","author":"Lam","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiv008","article-title":"Polyphenol-rich sorghum brans alter colon microbiota and impact species diversity and species richness after multiple bouts of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis","volume":"91","author":"Ritchie","year":"2015","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Ecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044107","article-title":"Resveratrol inhibits LPS-induced MAPKs activation via activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in murine RAW 264.7 macrophage cells","volume":"7","author":"Zong","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.05.045","article-title":"Wild bitter melon (Momordica charantia Linn. var. abbreviata Ser.) extract and its bioactive components suppress Propionibacterium acnes-induced inflammation","volume":"135","author":"Hsu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2010.03.003","article-title":"Cox-2 expression, PGE(2) and cytokines production are inhibited by endogenously synthesized n-3 PUFAs in inflamed colon of fat-1 mice","volume":"22","author":"Gravaghi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2012.09.007","article-title":"Evaluation of chemical mediators and cellular response during acute and chronic gut inflammatory response induced by dextran sodium sulfate in mice","volume":"84","author":"Bento","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S62","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2008.47","article-title":"Barrier-protective function of intestinal epithelial Toll-like receptor 2","volume":"1","author":"Cario","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001212","article-title":"Gut microbiota is a key modulator of insulin resistance in TLR 2 knockout mice","volume":"9","author":"Caricilli","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i9.923","article-title":"High-fat-induced intestinal permeability dysfunction associated with altered fecal bile acids","volume":"18","author":"Stenman","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.09.001","article-title":"TNF-alpha modulation of intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier is regulated by ERK1\/2 activation of Elk-1","volume":"183","author":"Al-Sadi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.100371","article-title":"IL-1beta-induced increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability is mediated by MEKK-1 activation of canonical NF-kappaB pathway","volume":"177","author":"Al-Sadi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4641","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.7.4641","article-title":"IL-1beta causes an increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability","volume":"178","author":"Al-Sadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2013.05.004","article-title":"The role of IL-15 in gastrointestinal diseases: a bridge between innate and adaptive immune response","volume":"24","author":"Pagliari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201100159","article-title":"Intestinal mucosal adherence and translocation of commensal bacteria at the early onset of type 2 diabetes: molecular mechanisms and probiotic treatment","volume":"3","author":"Amar","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1403","article-title":"Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice","volume":"57","author":"Cani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patbio.2007.09.008","article-title":"Role of gut microflora in the development of obesity and insulin resistance following high-fat diet feeding","volume":"56","author":"Cani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pathol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.5.1219","article-title":"Energy intake is associated with endotoxemia in apparently healthy men","volume":"87","author":"Amar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11552","article-title":"Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism","volume":"489","author":"Tremaroli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.008","article-title":"Momordica charantia polysaccharides ameliorate oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in ethanol-induced gastritis in mucosa through NF-kB signaling pathway inhibition","volume":"111","author":"Raish","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2555","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18122555","article-title":"Recent advances in Momordica charantia: functional components and biological activities","volume":"18","author":"Jia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2018.03.047","article-title":"BG-4, a novel bioactive peptide from momordica charantia, inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in THP-1 human macrophages","volume":"42","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21040454","article-title":"Wild bitter melon leaf extract inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced inflammation: identification of active compounds through bioassay-guided isolation","volume":"21","author":"Tsai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7563","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.13.7563","article-title":"Nonsteroid drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis","volume":"96","author":"Warner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120453","article-title":"Major malformations following exposure to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs during the first trimester of pregnancy","volume":"39","author":"Daniel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0610","first-page":"854","article-title":"Fecal enema as an adjunct in the treatment of pseudomembranous enterocolitis","volume":"44","author":"Eiseman","year":"1958","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.06.031","article-title":"Transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome","volume":"143","author":"Vrieze","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe1214816","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation \u2014 an old therapy comes of age","volume":"368","author":"Kelly","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000342611","article-title":"Specific probiotics or 'fecal transplantation'","volume":"30","author":"Kruis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/60.4.356","article-title":"Bitter melon (Momordica charantia): a review of efficacy and safety","volume":"60","author":"Basch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.159939","article-title":"Bitter melon seed oil-attenuated body fat accumulation in diet-induced obese mice is associated with cAMP-dependent protein kinase activation and cell death in white adipose tissue","volume":"142","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2517","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.11.2517","article-title":"Reduced adiposity in bitter melon (Momordica charantia)-fed rats is associated with increased lipid oxidative enzyme activities and uncoupling protein expression","volume":"135","author":"Chan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.29.389","article-title":"Potassium excretion in healthy Japanese women was increased by a dietary intervention utilizing home-parcel delivery of Okinawan vegetables","volume":"29","author":"Tuekpe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(86)90116-9","article-title":"Effect of Momordica charantia on the glucose tolerance in maturity onset diabetes","volume":"17","author":"Welihinda","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2017.0114","article-title":"Momordica charantia administration improves insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"21","author":"Cortez-Navarrete","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Food"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0955286318306144?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0955286318306144?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T15:27:33Z","timestamp":1760628453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0955286318306144"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"references-count":131,"alternative-id":["S0955286318306144"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0955-2863"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0955-2863","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Momordica charantia (bitter melon) modulates adipose tissue inflammasome gene expression and adipose-gut inflammatory cross talk in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.03.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}