{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T22:33:41Z","timestamp":1792017221379,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012690","name":"Nestl\u00e9 Nutrition Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012690","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T05:09:04Z","timestamp":1747717744000},"page":"109968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Intake of neutral core human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) during early life improves long-term bone quality"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"144","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9832-5767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Bonnet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.N.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Baruchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1883-1972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Migliavacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ramos-Nieves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Favre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Brassart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Mletzko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Busse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sietse-Jan","family":"Koopmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.N.","family":"Horcajada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.5152\/eurjrheum.2016.048","article-title":"An overview and management of osteoporosis","volume":"4","author":"S\u00f6zen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2017.22.1.1","article-title":"Bone modeling, remodeling, and skeletal health in children and adolescents: mineral accrual, assessment and treatment","volume":"22","author":"Maggioli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2207-3","article-title":"The association between breastfeeding, maternal smoking in utero, and birth weight with bone mass and fractures in adolescents: a 16-year longitudinal study","volume":"24","author":"Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-4106-0","article-title":"Breastfeeding as the sole source of milk for 6 months and adolescent bone mineral density","volume":"28","author":"Blanco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4044","article-title":"Associations of breastfeeding, maternal smoking, and birth weight with bone density and microarchitecture in young adulthood: a 25-year birth-cohort study","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-020-05296-1","article-title":"M: infant milk feeding and bone health in later life: findings from the Hertfordshire cohort study","volume":"31","author":"Carter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578702","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2020.578702","article-title":"The role of milk components, pro-, pre-, and synbiotic foods in calcium absorption and bone health maintenance","volume":"7","author":"Ilesanmi-Oyelere","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11020306","article-title":"Sialylated oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates of human milk. The impact on infant and newborn protection, development and well-being","volume":"11","author":"Lis-Kuberka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0010","article-title":"Gold standard for nutrition: a review of human milk oligosaccharide and its effects on infant gut microbiota","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00075","article-title":"Gut hormones and their effect on bone metabolism. Potential drug therapies in future osteoporosis treatment","volume":"10","author":"Schiellerup","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02490-4","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids regulate systemic bone mass and protect from pathological bone loss","volume":"9","author":"Lucas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e03196","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.03196-19","article-title":"Linking Human milk oligosaccharides, infant fecal community types, and later risk to require antibiotics","volume":"11","author":"Berger","year":"2020","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/897639","article-title":"Probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum) increase bone mass density and upregulate sparc and bmp-2 genes in rats with bone loss resulting from ovariectomy","author":"Parvaneh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.01.024","article-title":"Sialylated milk oligosaccharides promote microbiota-dependent growth in models of infant undernutrition","volume":"164","author":"Charbonneau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0016","first-page":"1533","article-title":"Childhood undernutrition, the gut microbiota, and microbiota-directed therapeutics","volume":"352","author":"Blanton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science (1979)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11988","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1821770116","article-title":"Mechanisms by which sialylated milk oligosaccharides impact bone biology in a gnotobiotic mouse model of infant undernutrition","volume":"116","author":"Cowardin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0018","article-title":"Characterization of porcine milk oligosaccharides over lactation between primiparous and multiparous female pigs","volume":"8","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.67.1223","article-title":"Preliminary study of histological comparison on the growth patterns of long-bone cortex in young calf, pig, and sheep","volume":"67","author":"Mori","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.141","article-title":"Guidelines for assessment of bone microstructure in rodents using micro-computed tomography","volume":"25","author":"Bouxsein","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1805","article-title":"Standardized nomenclature, symbols, and units for bone histomorphometry: a 2012 update of the report of the ASBMR Histomorphometry Nomenclature Committee","volume":"28","author":"Dempster","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2854","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01054-9","article-title":"Sialylated human milk oligosaccharides program cognitive development through a non-genomic transmission mode","volume":"26","author":"Hauser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14112297","article-title":"Effects of an Amino acid-based formula supplemented with two human milk oligosaccharides on growth, tolerability, safety, and gut microbiome in infants with Cow\u2019s milk protein allergy","volume":"14","author":"Gold","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2939","article-title":"Identification and assembly of genomes and genetic elements in complex metagenomic samples without using reference genomes","volume":"32","author":"Nielsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0025","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dietary sialylated oligosaccharides in early-life may promote cognitive flexibility during development in context of obesogenic dietary intake","volume":"27","author":"Clouard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0026","first-page":"503","article-title":"The arrangement of field experiments","volume":"33","author":"Fisher","year":"1926","journal-title":"J Minist Agricult"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.704647","article-title":"The impact of diet and physical activity on bone health in children and adolescents","volume":"12","author":"Proia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2010.274","article-title":"Bone mineral status in breast-fed infants: influence of vitamin D supplementation","volume":"65","author":"Savino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-012-9664-8","article-title":"High beta-palmitate formula and bone strength in term infants: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Litmanovitz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.920362","article-title":"Infant formula with a specific blend of five Human milk oligosaccharides drives the gut microbiota development and improves gut maturation markers: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Bosheva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001520","article-title":"Effects of infant formula with human milk oligosaccharides on growth and morbidity: a randomized multicenter trial","volume":"64","author":"Puccio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-015-0056-3","article-title":"Effect of breastfeeding on bone mass from childhood to adulthood: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Muniz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Breastfeed J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-001-2048-0","article-title":"The degree of mineralization of bone tissue measured by computerized quantitative contact microradiography","volume":"70","author":"Boivin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2013.0080","article-title":"Beneficial effects of human milk oligosaccharides on gut microbiota","volume":"5","author":"Musilova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Benef Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2017.07.010","article-title":"Development of the gut microbiota in infancy and its impact on health in later life","volume":"66","author":"Tanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Allergol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.810","article-title":"Microbial osteoporosis: the interplay between the gut microbiota and bones via host metabolism and immunity","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbiologyopen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-017-0336-6","article-title":"Osteomicrobiology: a new cross-disciplinary research field","volume":"102","author":"Ohlsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-017-0321-0","article-title":"From osteoimmunology to osteomicrobiology: how the microbiota and the immune system regulate bone","volume":"102","author":"Hsu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2018.09.008","article-title":"The Human microbiome and child growth - first 1000 days and beyond","volume":"27","author":"Robertson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2019.1614394","article-title":"The association between gut microbiome and anthropometric measurements in Bangladesh","volume":"11","author":"Osborne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02490-4","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids regulate systemic bone mass and protect from pathological bone loss","volume":"9","author":"Lucas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0042","first-page":"779","article-title":"New insights into tryptophan and its metabolites in the regulation of bone metabolism","volume":"66","author":"Michalowska","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.10.013","article-title":"The microbial metabolite butyrate stimulates bone formation via T regulatory cell-mediated regulation of WNT10B expression","volume":"49","author":"Tyagi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01832","article-title":"Butyrate and dietary soluble Fiber improve neuroinflammation associated with aging in mice","volume":"9","author":"Matt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37246-7","article-title":"Effects of oral butyrate supplementation on inflammatory potential of circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy and obese males","volume":"9","author":"Cleophas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9452","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179452","article-title":"The Human gut microbiota: a key mediator of osteoporosis and osteogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Seely","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11111245","article-title":"Butyrate levels in the transition from an infant- to an adult-like gut microbiota correlate with bacterial networks associated with eubacterium rectale and ruminococcus gnavus","volume":"11","author":"Nilsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genes Dev"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0955286325001317?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0955286325001317?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T10:22:36Z","timestamp":1762338156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0955286325001317"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0955286325001317"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968","relation":{},"ISSN":["0955-2863"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0955-2863","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Intake of neutral core human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) during early life improves long-term bone quality","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109968","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109968"}}