{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:58:11Z","timestamp":1786993091605,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T01:18:41Z","timestamp":1760663921000},"page":"1731-1741","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Modulating cortical excitability through transcranial direct current stimulation combined with therapeutic exercise for craniofacial myofascial pain: Randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5287-8833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramesh Chandra","family":"Patra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7428-3769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepti","family":"Agrawal Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Yashudas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03056-1","article-title":"Myofunctional orofacial examination tests: a literature review","volume":"23","author":"Kilinc","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib2","article-title":"Management of myofascial pain syndrome: a randomized control trial","volume":"30","author":"Srivastava","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Phys Med Reha"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232012164","article-title":"Pain management and rehabilitation for central sensitization in temporomandibular disorders: a comprehensive review","volume":"23","author":"Ferrillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2023.1062892","article-title":"Non-invasive neuromodulation of the cervical vagus nerve in rare primary headaches","volume":"4","author":"Villar-Martinez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib5","first-page":"66","article-title":"Pathophysiological substantiation of the complex approach to rehabilitation of patients with myofascial pain syndrome of the neck region. Physical and rehabilita- tion medicine","volume":"2","author":"Shimarova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241512438","article-title":"Role of neurotrophins in orofacial pain modula- tion: a review of the latest discoveries","volume":"24","author":"Bonomini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib7","article-title":"Alterations in cortical excitability during pain: a combined tms-eeg study","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2023","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib8","first-page":"10","article-title":"A 5-day course of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation before pain onset ameliorates future pain and increases sensorimotor peak alpha frequency","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2023.11.001","article-title":"Exploring hd-tdcs effect on \u03bc-opioid receptor and pain sensitivity in temporomandibular disorder: a pilot randomized clinical trial study","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib10","unstructured":"Konior, K., BitencJasiejko, A., LietzKijak, D., Skomro, P., Kowacka, M., Kijak, K., S\u2019liwin\u2019ski, Z.:Multimodal Program Treatment Myof Pain Syndrome (mps)\u2013a Twostep Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.17816\/clinpract10236-45","article-title":"The effectiveness of complex application of osteopathy and shock wave therapy in the rehabilitation treatment of myofascial pain syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Zuev","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Practice"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14887","article-title":"The safety and feasibility of transcranial direct current stimulation and exercise therapy for the treat- ment of cervicogenic headaches: a randomized pilot trial","volume":"65","author":"Jobin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Headache J Head Face Pain"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934361","article-title":"The treatment of orofacial pain by using tran- scranial direct current stimulation","volume":"68","author":"Fricov\u00e1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14110751","article-title":"Neurophysiological basis of deep brain stimulation and botulinum neurotoxin injection for treating oromandibular dystonia","volume":"14","author":"Maezawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15020101","article-title":"A new way to treat central nervous system dysfunction caused by musculoskeletal injuries using transcranial direct current stimulation: a narrative review","volume":"15","author":"Perrey","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13111604","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of neuro-rehabilitation using transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) over the front-polar area","volume":"13","author":"Ishikuro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2024.1269636","article-title":"Mechanisms of transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) for pain in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13051365","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the global prevalence of temporomandibular disorders","volume":"13","author":"Zieli\u0144ski","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.10.007","article-title":"Alpha-band oscillations, attention, and controlled access to stored information","volume":"16","author":"Klimesch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Cognit Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31818f051c","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a pressure algometer","volume":"23","author":"Kinser","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Strength Condit Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/78.2.160","article-title":"Reliability of clinical pressure-pain algometric measurements obtained on consecutive days","volume":"78","author":"Nussbaum","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib22","article-title":"Interexaminer reliability and clin- ical validity of the temporomandibular index: a new outcome measure for temporomandibular disorders","volume":"16","author":"Pehling","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Orofac Pain"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2009.2930","article-title":"Measurement properties of the neck disability index: a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"MacDermid","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2008.07.005","article-title":"Validity of the neck disability index and neck pain and dis- ability scale for measuring disability associated with chronic, non-traumatic neck pain","volume":"14","author":"En","year":"2009","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.5935\/2595-0118.20190027","article-title":"Use of non-invasive neuromodulation in the treatment of pain in temporomandibu- lar dysfunction: preliminary study","volume":"2","author":"Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"BrJP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gurdiel-A\u2019lvarez, F., Gonz\u2019alez-Zamorano, Y., Lerma-Lara, S., G\u2019omez-Soriano, J., S\u2019anchez-Gonz\u2019alez, J.L., Fern\u2019andez-Carnero, J., Navarro-L\u2019opez, V.: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) effects on quantitative sensory testing (qst) and nociceptive processing in healthy subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Sci 14(1), 9 (2023) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci14010009.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14010009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2024.1353987","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation for chronic headaches, a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Hervik","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pain Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4326","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14124326","article-title":"Multimodal approaches in the management of temporomandibular disorders: a narrative review","volume":"14","author":"Dabkowska","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002690","article-title":"Mechanisms and manifestations in musculoskeletal pain: from experimental to clinical pain settings","volume":"163","author":"Graven-Nielsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib30","first-page":"1759720","article-title":"Pathophysiology of musculoskeletal pain: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Puntillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Therap Adv Musculoskeletal Dis"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007396","article-title":"Insular and anterior cingulate cortex deep stimulation for central neuropathic pain: disassembling the percept of pain","volume":"92","author":"Galhardoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2023.1297894","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Shaheen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2023-0037","article-title":"The role of pain modulation pathway and related brain regions in pain","volume":"34","author":"Yao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5478","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac028","article-title":"Nmda receptor\u2013related mechanisms of dopaminergic modulation of tdcs-induced neuroplasticity","volume":"32","author":"Ghanavati","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cerebr Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib35","article-title":"Modulating neuroplasticity for chronic pain relief: noninvasive neuromodulation as a promising approach","volume":"1\u201314","author":"Jayathilake","year":"2025","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2024.e00464","article-title":"Neuroplasticity in the transition from acute to chronic pain","volume":"21","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2024.2375756","article-title":"The effects of combining sensorimotor training with transcranial direct current stimulation on the anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments in patients with chronic low back pain","volume":"47","author":"Hejazi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00032","article-title":"Treating chronic migraine with neuromodulation: the role of neurophysiological abnormalities and maladaptive plasticity","volume":"10","author":"Vigan'o","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14010026","article-title":"Efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation on pain level and disability of patients with fibromyalgia: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials with parallel-group design","volume":"14","author":"Azarkolah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib40","first-page":"243","article-title":"Modulating anxiety and functional capacity with anodal tdcs over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in primary dysmenorrhea","author":"Dutra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Wom Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.1056966","article-title":"Is transcranial direct current stimulation beneficial for treating pain, depression, and anxiety symptoms in patients with chronic pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212426825002489?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212426825002489?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T04:47:53Z","timestamp":1779338873000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2212426825002489"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S2212426825002489"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-4268"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-4268","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Modulating cortical excitability through transcranial direct current stimulation combined with therapeutic exercise for craniofacial myofascial pain: Randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.10.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Craniofacial Research Foundation.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}