{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T03:00:15Z","timestamp":1772074815201,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","oarsijournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]],"date-time":"2014-09-30T06:52:27Z","timestamp":1412059947000},"page":"1444-1452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Adiabatic rotating frame relaxation of MRI reveals early cartilage degeneration in a rabbit model of anterior cruciate ligament transection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Rautiainen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.J.","family":"Nissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Liimatainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Herzog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.K.","family":"Korhonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2300-2848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.T.","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S1063-4584(05)80017-2","article-title":"Osteoarthritis of the knee after injury to the anterior cruciate ligament or meniscus: the influence of time and age","volume":"3","author":"Roos","year":"1995","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2005.08.005","article-title":"Early post-traumatic osteoarthritis-like changes in human articular cartilage following rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament","volume":"14","author":"Nelson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e3182580cd0","article-title":"Anterior cruciate ligament injuries: anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, and management","volume":"22","author":"Siegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511423380","article-title":"Cartilage injury after acute, isolated anterior cruciate ligament tear: immediate and longitudinal effect with clinical\/MRI follow-up","volume":"40","author":"Potter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S1063-4584(05)80318-8","article-title":"Characterization of a model of osteoarthritis in the rabbit knee","volume":"4","author":"Yoshioka","year":"1996","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2008.09.006","article-title":"Magnetic resonance T(1 rho) imaging of osteoarthritis: a rabbit ACL transection model","volume":"27","author":"Lozano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-011-1705-8","article-title":"Biological aspects of early osteoarthritis","volume":"20","author":"Madry","year":"2012","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib8","first-page":"487","article-title":"Articular cartilage: degeneration and osteoarthritis, repair, regeneration, and transplantation","volume":"47","author":"Buckwalter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05240.x","article-title":"Articular cartilage and subchondral bone in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis","volume":"1192","author":"Goldring","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11101359","article-title":"Advances in imaging of osteoarthritis and cartilage","volume":"260","author":"Roemer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23644","article-title":"Evaluation of chondral repair using quantitative MRI","volume":"36","author":"Nieminen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910390612","article-title":"Relaxation anisotropy in cartilage by NMR microscopy (muMRI) at 14-microm resolution","volume":"39","author":"Xia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(200005)43:5<676::AID-MRM9>3.0.CO;2-X","article-title":"Quantitative MR microscopy of enzymatically degraded articular cartilage","volume":"43","author":"Nieminen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.683","article-title":"Magnetization transfer in MRI: a review","volume":"14","author":"Henkelman","year":"2001","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340307","article-title":"Magnetization transfer in cartilage and its constituent macromolecules","volume":"34","author":"Gray","year":"1995","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20377","article-title":"Depth-dependent proton magnetization transfer in articular cartilage","volume":"22","author":"Regatte","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1102","article-title":"Sodium and T1rho MRI for molecular and diagnostic imaging of articular cartilage","volume":"19","author":"Borthakur","year":"2006","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2002.0826","article-title":"T(1rho) relaxation can assess longitudinal proteoglycan loss from articular cartilage in\u00a0vitro","volume":"10","author":"Duvvuri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21227","article-title":"Assessment of brain iron and neuronal integrity in patients with Parkinson's disease using novel MRI contrasts","volume":"22","author":"Michaeli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2008.113","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of water pools by T 1 rho and T 2 rho MRI in acute cerebral ischemia of the rat","volume":"29","author":"Jokivarsi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2004.05.010","article-title":"Transverse relaxation in the rotating frame induced by chemical exchange","volume":"169","author":"Michaeli","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22372","article-title":"MRI contrast from relaxation along a fictitious field (RAFF)","volume":"64","author":"Liimatainen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2013.06.004","article-title":"MRI rotating frame relaxation measurements for articular cartilage assessment","volume":"31","author":"Ellermann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1006\/jmre.2001.2340","article-title":"The return of the frequency sweep: designing adiabatic pulses for contemporary NMR","volume":"153","author":"Garwood","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2007.01.015","article-title":"Artifacts in T1 rho-weighted imaging: compensation for B(1) and B(0) field imperfections","volume":"186","author":"Witschey","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100100202","article-title":"The early effects of joint immobilization on medial collateral ligament healing in an ACL-deficient knee: a gross anatomic and biomechanical investigation in the adult rabbit model","volume":"10","author":"Bray","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2011.04.002","article-title":"Magnetization transfer using inversion recovery during off-resonance irradiation","volume":"29","author":"Mangia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10101006","article-title":"Cartilage in anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knees: MR imaging T1{rho} and T2\u2013initial experience with 1-year follow-up","volume":"258","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(02)00052-0","article-title":"Comparison of the equilibrium response of articular cartilage in unconfined compression, confined compression and indentation","volume":"35","author":"Korhonen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02331414","article-title":"Safranin O reduces loss of glycosaminoglycans from bovine articular cartilage during histological specimen preparation","volume":"28","author":"Kiraly","year":"1996","journal-title":"Histochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.20551","article-title":"Practical considerations in the use of polarized light microscopy in the analysis of the collagen network in articular cartilage","volume":"71","author":"Rieppo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microsc Res Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.12.001","article-title":"Cell deformation behavior in mechanically loaded rabbit articular cartilage 4 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection","volume":"21","author":"Turunen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197153030-00009","article-title":"Biochemical and metabolic abnormalities in articular cartilage from osteo-arthritic human hips. II. Correlation of morphology with biochemical and metabolic data","volume":"53","author":"Mankin","year":"1971","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.010","article-title":"Site-dependent changes in structure and function of lapine articular cartilage 4 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection","volume":"22","author":"Makela","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(03)00069-1","article-title":"Fibril reinforced poroelastic model predicts specifically mechanical behavior of normal, proteoglycan depleted and collagen degraded articular cartilage","volume":"36","author":"Korhonen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.08.010","article-title":"Ex\u00a0vivo characterization of articular cartilage and bone lesions in a rabbit ACL transection model of osteoarthritis using MRI and micro-CT","volume":"12","author":"Batiste","year":"2004","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20795","article-title":"Cartilage glycosaminoglycan loss in the acute phase after an anterior cruciate ligament injury: delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage and synovial fluid analysis","volume":"52","author":"Tiderius","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2013.05.010","article-title":"Cartilage morphology and T1\u03c1 and T2 quantification in ACL-reconstructed knees: a 2-year follow-up","volume":"21","author":"Su","year":"2013","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10358","article-title":"T\u00a01 rho-relaxation mapping of human femoral\u2013tibial cartilage in\u00a0vivo","volume":"18","author":"Regatte","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22272","article-title":"T1rho MRI quantification of arthroscopically confirmed cartilage degeneration","volume":"63","author":"Witschey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib41","first-page":"3551","article-title":"Multi-parametric MRI assessment of degeneration of human articular cartilage \u2013 association to histopathological grade","author":"Salo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20536","article-title":"T1rho relaxation mapping in human osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage: comparison of T1rho with T2","volume":"23","author":"Regatte","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2007.01.011","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo T(1rho) and T(2) mapping of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis of the knee using 3 T MRI","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-008-1107-6","article-title":"T1rho, T2 and focal knee cartilage abnormalities in physically active and sedentary healthy subjects versus early OA patients\u2014a 3.0-Tesla MRI study","volume":"19","author":"Stahl","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2012.11.031","article-title":"T1rho is superior to T2 mapping for the evaluation of articular cartilage denaturalization with osteoarthritis: radiological\u2013pathological correlation after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"82","author":"Takayama","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib46","first-page":"3552","article-title":"Orientation anisotropy of rotating frame and T2 relaxation parameters in articular cartilage","volume":"21","author":"Nissi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2011.01.022","article-title":"Relaxation dispersion in MRI induced by fictitious magnetic fields","volume":"209","author":"Liimatainen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10322","article-title":"Can MTR be used to assess cartilage in the presence of Gd-DTPA2-?","volume":"48","author":"Henkelman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2007.03.018","article-title":"Estimation of mechanical properties of articular cartilage with MRI \u2013 dGEMRIC, T2 and T1 imaging in different species with variable stages of maturation","volume":"15","author":"Nissi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orthres.2003.09.008","article-title":"Proteoglycan and collagen sensitive MRI evaluation of normal and degenerated articular cartilage","volume":"22","author":"Nissi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2011.10.004","article-title":"Depth and orientational dependencies of MRI T(2) and T(1rho) sensitivities towards trypsin degradation and Gd-DTPA(2-) presence in articular cartilage at microscopic resolution","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200608000-00020","article-title":"Anterior cruciate ligament deficiency alters the in\u00a0vivo motion of the tibiofemoral cartilage contact points in both the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions","volume":"88","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"}],"container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458414010619?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458414010619?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T03:35:11Z","timestamp":1761017711000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1063458414010619"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1063458414010619"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1063-4584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1063-4584","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Adiabatic rotating frame relaxation of MRI reveals early cartilage degeneration in a rabbit model of anterior cruciate ligament transection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}