{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T07:10:58Z","timestamp":1793171458213,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","oarsijournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,17]],"date-time":"2014-11-17T08:39:04Z","timestamp":1416213544000},"page":"363-369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":141,"title":["Radiographic evaluation of posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle: the Kellgren\u2013Lawrence scale is reliable and correlates with clinical symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Holzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Salvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.C.A.","family":"Marijnissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.L.","family":"Vincken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.C.","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1843-1429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Hoffmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"L\u00fcbbeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Assal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2008.05.008","article-title":"The present state of ankle arthroplasty","volume":"14","author":"Wood","year":"2008","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2005.03.002","article-title":"Prolonged clinical benefit from joint distraction in the treatment of ankle osteoarthritis","volume":"13","author":"Ploegmakers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B2.0840237","article-title":"Treatment of cartilage defects of the talus by autologous osteochondral grafts","volume":"84","author":"Gautier","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2013.06.008","article-title":"Joint-preserving surgery of valgus ankle osteoarthritis","volume":"18","author":"Valderrabano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2013.06.006","article-title":"Management of varus ankle osteoarthritis with joint-preserving osteotomy","volume":"18","author":"Myerson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-008-0066-z","article-title":"Viscosupplementation for grade II osteoarthritis of the ankle: a prospective study at 18 months' follow-up","volume":"92","author":"Luciani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chir Organi Mov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2008.06.013","article-title":"The role of viscosupplementation in the ankle using hylan G-F 20","volume":"47","author":"Carpenter","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg Off Publ Am Coll Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.16.4.494","article-title":"Radiological assessment of osteo-arthrosis","volume":"16","author":"Kellgren","year":"1957","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib9","first-page":"iv46","article-title":"The atlas of standard radiographs of arthritis","volume":"44","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib10","series-title":"Chapter 5: Osteo-arthrosis","first-page":"98","article-title":"Rheumatism in populations","author":"Lawrence","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1352-2","article-title":"Radiographic predictability of cartilage damage in medial ankle osteoarthritis","volume":"468","author":"Moon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.11.009","article-title":"Atlas of individual radiographic features\u00a0in osteoarthritis, revised","volume":"15","author":"Altman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2007.05.007","article-title":"Radiographic classification of osteoarthritis in commonly affected joints of the foot","volume":"15","author":"Menz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-011-1472-7","article-title":"Risk factors for post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle: an eighteen year follow-up study","volume":"36","author":"Lubbeke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6924.331","article-title":"ABC of emergency radiology. The ankle","volume":"308","author":"O'Keeffe","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-004-1014-6","article-title":"OsiriX: an open-source software for navigating in multidimensional DICOM images","volume":"17","author":"Rosset","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Digit Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.04.004","article-title":"Measurement of structural progression in osteoarthritis of the hip: the Barcelona consensus group","volume":"12","author":"Altman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2000.0384","article-title":"Ankle images digital analysis (AIDA): digital measurement of joint space width and subchondral sclerosis on standard radiographs","volume":"9","author":"Marijnissen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401500701","article-title":"Clinical rating systems for the ankle-hindfoot, midfoot, hallux, and lesser toes","volume":"15","author":"Kitaoka","year":"1994","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib20","series-title":"Th\u00e9orie et pratique de l'ost\u00e9osynth\u00e8se","author":"Danis","year":"1949"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib21","series-title":"Die Verletzungen des oberen Sprunggelenkes. Aktuelle Probleme in der Chirurgie","author":"Weber","year":"1966"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1177\/001316447303300309","article-title":"The equivalence of weighted kappa and the intraclass correlation coefficient as measures of reliability","volume":"33","author":"Fleiss","year":"1973","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Meas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.96B7.34109","article-title":"Standardised effect sizes in clinical research: how to compare shoulder surgeons with hip surgeons","volume":"96-B","author":"Parsons","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone Jt J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib25","first-page":"1147","article-title":"Relationship between symptoms and structural change in osteoarthritis: what are the important targets for therapy?","volume":"32","author":"Dieppe","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.052548","article-title":"Symptoms and radiographic osteoarthritis: not as discordant as they are made out to be?","volume":"66","author":"Duncan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2008.06.009","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of three semi-quantitative radiographic grading techniques for hip osteoarthritis in terms of validity and reproducibility in 1404 radiographs: report of the OARSI-OMERACT Task Force","volume":"17","author":"Gossec","year":"2009","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib28","first-page":"1","article-title":"On the late results in non-operated cases of malleolar fractures","volume":"90","author":"Magnusson","year":"1944","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198062050-00012","article-title":"Complications and long-term results of ankle arthrodeses following trauma","volume":"62","author":"Morrey","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-007-0502-9","article-title":"Ankle osteoarthritis is associated with knee osteoarthritis. Conclusions based on mechanical axis radiographs","volume":"128","author":"Tallroth","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.79B2.0790280","article-title":"Arthroscopy for problems after ankle fracture","volume":"79","author":"van Dijk","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.77B1.7822395","article-title":"Low tibial osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the ankle. Results of a new operation in 18 patients","volume":"77","author":"Takakura","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B7.17325","article-title":"Low tibial osteotomy for varus-type osteoarthritis of the ankle","volume":"88","author":"Tanaka","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(97)80002-9","article-title":"Osteoarthritis in ankle and knee joints","volume":"26","author":"Huch","year":"1997","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.09.002","article-title":"Differences in biomarkers of type II collagen in atrophic and hypertrophic osteoarthritis of the hip: implications for the differing pathobiologies","volume":"15","author":"Conrozier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2003.09.007","article-title":"Subchondral bone changes in hand and knee osteoarthritis detected by radiography","volume":"12","author":"Buckland-Wright","year":"2004","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2373041989","article-title":"Osteoarthritis of the knee: comparison of MR imaging findings with radiographic severity measurements and pain in middle-aged women","volume":"237","author":"Hayes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiology"}],"container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458414013326?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458414013326?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T03:35:50Z","timestamp":1761017750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1063458414013326"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1063458414013326"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["1063-4584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1063-4584","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Radiographic evaluation of posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle: the Kellgren\u2013Lawrence scale is reliable and correlates with clinical symptoms","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}