{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T11:18:49Z","timestamp":1793013529138,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]],"date-time":"2021-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":367,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Center for Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","oarsijournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,9]],"date-time":"2019-11-09T11:17:20Z","timestamp":1573298240000},"page":"92-101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Lumican is upregulated in osteoarthritis and contributes to TLR4-induced pro-inflammatory activation of cartilage degradation and macrophage polarization"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Barreto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Senturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Br\u00fcck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Neidenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Salzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zenobi-Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7636-428X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Rottmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib1","first-page":"6","article-title":"The bone and joint decade. strategies to reduce the burden of disease: the Bone and Joint Monitor Project","volume":"67","author":"Woolf","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rheumatol Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40355","article-title":"Updated estimates suggest a much higher prevalence of arthritis in United States adults than previous ones","volume":"70","author":"Jafarzadeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140382","article-title":"The role of innate immunity in osteoarthritis: when our first line of defense goes on the offensive","volume":"42","author":"Orlowsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.11.012","article-title":"Osteoarthritis as an inflammatory disease (osteoarthritis is not osteoarthrosis!)","volume":"21","author":"Berenbaum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-013-0323-5","article-title":"Synovium and the innate inflammatory network in osteoarthritis progression","volume":"15","author":"Liu-Bryan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27290","article-title":"The role of synovial macrophages and macrophage-produced mediators in driving inflammatory and destructive responses in osteoarthritis","volume":"62","author":"Bondeson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.162","article-title":"The danger from within: alarmins in arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Nefla","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1123-x","article-title":"The complement system is activated in synovial fluid from subjects with knee injury and from patients with osteoarthritis","volume":"18","author":"Struglics","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0833-9","article-title":"Fibronectin fragment-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases is mediated by MyD88-dependent TLR-2 signaling pathway in human chondrocytes","volume":"17","author":"Hwang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.08.012","article-title":"Chondroitin sulphate inhibits NF-kappaB activity induced by interaction of pathogenic and damage associated molecules","volume":"25","author":"Stabler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0902-0","article-title":"Soluble biglycan: a potential mediator of cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis","volume":"17","author":"Barreto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib12","first-page":"167","article-title":"Bacterial lipopolysaccharides and innate immunity","volume":"7","author":"Alexander","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endotoxin Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.209","article-title":"TLR4 signalling in osteoarthritis-finding targets for candidate DMOADs","volume":"11","author":"Gomez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12145","article-title":"Biological interplay between proteoglycans and their innate immune receptors in inflammation","volume":"280","author":"Frey","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2011.12.002","article-title":"Small leucine-rich proteoglycans, at the crossroad of cancer growth and inflammation","volume":"22","author":"Schaefer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Genet Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.3109\/10409239709108551","article-title":"The family of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans: key regulators of matrix assembly and cellular growth","volume":"32","author":"Iozzo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107R","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwf065","article-title":"Mice deficient in small leucine-rich proteoglycans: novel in\u00a0vivo models for osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, muscular dystrophy, and corneal diseases","volume":"12","author":"Ameye","year":"2002","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.20316","article-title":"Small leucine-rich proteoglycans orchestrate receptor crosstalk during inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Moreth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1369\/0022155417738752","article-title":"Small leucine-rich proteoglycans in renal inflammation: two sides of the coin","volume":"66","author":"Nastase","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.026","article-title":"The role of small leucine-rich proteoglycans in osteoarthritis pathogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Ni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2453","article-title":"Fragmentation of decorin, biglycan, lumican and keratocan is elevated in degenerate human meniscus, knee and hip articular cartilages compared with age-matched macroscopically normal and control tissues","volume":"10","author":"Melrose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1559-0275-11-6","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of human osteoarthritis synovial fluid","volume":"11","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Proteonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2230587","article-title":"Specific inhibition of type I and type II collagen fibrillogenesis by the small proteoglycan of tendon","volume":"223","author":"Vogel","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26409","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M702402200","article-title":"A\u00a0novel role of the lumican core protein in bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced innate immune response","volume":"282","author":"Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4089","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2015.3940","article-title":"Lumican overexpression exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced renal injury in mice","volume":"12","author":"Lu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.05.008","article-title":"Both systemic and local lipopolysaccharide (LPS) burden are associated with knee OA severity and inflammation","volume":"24","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X12467868","article-title":"Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis: latest findings and interpretations","volume":"5","author":"Sokolove","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00614","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms that influence the macrophage m1-m2 polarization balance","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.04.010","article-title":"Direct in\u00a0vivo evidence of activated macrophages in human osteoarthritis","volume":"24","author":"Kraus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.04.007","article-title":"Variation in microbiome LPS immunogenicity contributes to autoimmunity in humans","volume":"165","author":"Vatanen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.12.025","article-title":"Cartilage-targeting dexamethasone prodrugs increase the efficacy of dexamethasone","volume":"295","author":"Formica","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Control Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.04.026","article-title":"The role of small leucine-rich proteoglycans in osteoarthritis pathogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Ni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4631","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000093107","article-title":"Human leucine-rich repeat proteins: a genome-wide bioinformatic categorization and functional analysis in innate immunity","volume":"108","author":"Ng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.12.016","article-title":"Osteoarthritis Year in Review 2016: biomarkers\u00a0(biochemical markers)","volume":"25","author":"Mobasheri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v012a11","article-title":"The structure and function of cartilage proteoglycans","volume":"12","author":"Roughley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Cells Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R852","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1756","article-title":"Regional assessment of articular cartilage gene expression and small proteoglycan metabolism in an animal\u00a0model of osteoarthritis","volume":"7","author":"Young","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15867","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0908032106","article-title":"A\u00a0broad screen for targets of immune complexes decorating arthritic joints highlights deposition of nucleosomes in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"106","author":"Monach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2015.158","article-title":"Does lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation have a role in OA?","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12235","article-title":"Lumican is increased in experimental and clinical heart failure, and its production by cardiac fibroblasts is induced by mechanical and proinflammatory stimuli","volume":"280","author":"Engebretsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11929","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1507387112","article-title":"TNF-alpha-stimulated fibroblasts secrete lumican to promote fibrocyte differentiation","volume":"112","author":"Pilling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2016.03.001","article-title":"Structure and function: lipid A modifications in commensals and pathogens","volume":"306","author":"Steimle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200009)43:9<1916::AID-ANR2>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"The role of the chondrocyte in osteoarthritis","volume":"43","author":"Goldring","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.08.015","article-title":"Inflammation in joint injury and post-traumatic osteoarthritis","volume":"23","author":"Lieberthal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3311","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737744","article-title":"Toll-like receptors' two-edged sword: when immunity meets apoptosis","volume":"37","author":"Salaun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20560","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160920560","article-title":"Biomarkers of chondrocyte apoptosis and autophagy in osteoarthritis","volume":"16","author":"Musumeci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4291","article-title":"Bacterial lipopolysaccharides form procollagen-endotoxin complexes that trigger cartilage inflammation and degeneration: implications for the development of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Lorenz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2015.07.011","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro models for the study of osteoarthritis","volume":"209","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-15-309","article-title":"Type X collagen levels are elevated in serum from human osteoarthritis patients and associated with biomarkers of cartilage degradation and inflammation","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Muscoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.12.003","article-title":"Chondrocyte hypertrophy and osteoarthritis: role in initiation and progression of cartilage degeneration?","volume":"20","author":"van der Kraan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39006","article-title":"Soluble macrophage biomarkers indicate inflammatory phenotypes in patients with knee osteoarthritis","volume":"67","author":"Daghestani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11929","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1507387112","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1-stimulated fibroblasts secrete lumican to promote fibrocyte differentiation","volume":"112","author":"Pilling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"}],"container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458419312488?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458419312488?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T03:51:46Z","timestamp":1761018706000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1063458419312488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1063458419312488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1063-4584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1063-4584","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lumican is upregulated in osteoarthritis and contributes to TLR4-induced pro-inflammatory activation of cartilage degradation and macrophage polarization","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}