{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:45:05Z","timestamp":1787586305700,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,3,30]],"date-time":"2027-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1806364800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":363,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GM125503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM125503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GM106999"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM106999"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR075121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR075121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2141841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2141841"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","oarsijournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T16:04:44Z","timestamp":1766592284000},"page":"563-574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Engineered cationic Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist outperforms anakinra at joint retention and preventing IL-1-induced cartilage inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1761-1612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Boyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0710-6452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bill","family":"Hakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7549-0452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke","family":"Childress","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6714-003X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helna M.","family":"Baby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0246-5747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan M.","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2581-2633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ambika G.","family":"Bajpayee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23534","article-title":"Biochemical markers of cartilage metabolism are associated with walking biomechanics 6-months following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","volume":"35","author":"Pietrosimone","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.03.014","article-title":"Synovial fluid concentrations of matrix Metalloproteinase-3 and Interluekin-6 following anterior cruciate ligament injury associate with gait biomechanics 6 months following reconstruction","volume":"29","author":"Evans-Pickett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib3","article-title":"Increased effusion synovitis for those with a dysregulated inflammatory response after an anterior cruciate ligament injury","volume":"15","author":"Jacobs","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002161","article-title":"Dysregulated inflammatory response related to cartilage degradation after ACL injury","volume":"52","author":"Jacobs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Sci. Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9387809","article-title":"Select biomarkers on the day of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction predict poor patient-reported outcomes at 2-year follow-up: a pilot study","volume":"2018","author":"Lattermann","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioMed. Res. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-224675","article-title":"New approach to testing treatments for osteoarthritis: FastOA","volume":"83","author":"Felson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.159","article-title":"Progress in intra-articular therapy","volume":"10","author":"Evans","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheuma"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.210","article-title":"Cartilage-targeting drug delivery: can electrostatic interactions help?","volume":"13","author":"Bajpayee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheuma"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0033-5","article-title":"Molecular transport in articular cartilage \u2014 what have we learned from the past 50 years?","volume":"14","author":"DiDomenico","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheuma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2022.09.010","article-title":"Intra-articular kinetics of a cartilage targeting cationic PEGylated protein for applications in drug delivery","volume":"31","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/19476035221093072","article-title":"Single-dose intra-cartilage delivery of kartogenin using a cationic multi-arm avidin nanocarrier suppresses cytokine-induced osteoarthritis-related catabolism","volume":"13","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-011-1109-9","article-title":"Designing micro- and nano-particles for treating rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Mitragotri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.12.004","article-title":"Cartilage penetrating cationic peptide carriers for applications in drug delivery to avascular negatively charged tissues","volume":"93","author":"Vedadghavami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.04.001","article-title":"Cartilage targeting cationic peptide carriers display deep cartilage penetration and retention in a rabbit model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis","volume":"33","author":"Boyer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-022-02855-1","article-title":"Cationic peptide carriers enable long-term delivery of insulin-like growth factor-1 to suppress osteoarthritis-induced matrix degradation","volume":"24","author":"Vedadghavami","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2023.01.573","article-title":"Sustained intra-cartilage delivery of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist using cationic peptide and protein-based carriers","volume":"31","author":"Mehta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6649","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c12376","article-title":"Cationic carrier mediated delivery of anionic contrast agents in low doses enable enhanced computed tomography imaging of cartilage for early osteoarthritis diagnosis","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2025.09.023","article-title":"Spatial charge-hydrophobicity configuration modulates cationic peptide transport in cartilage","volume":"124","author":"Hakim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2022.08.010","article-title":"Charge-based drug delivery to cartilage: hydrophobic and not electrostatic interactions are the dominant cause of competitive binding of cationic carriers in synovial fluid","volume":"151","author":"Vedadghavami","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2022.06.024","article-title":"Effects of polycationic drug carriers on the electromechanical and swelling properties of cartilage","volume":"121","author":"Warren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390914","article-title":"Chondroprotective effect of intraarticular injections of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in experimental osteoarthritis. Suppression of collagenase-1 expression","volume":"39","author":"Caron","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2024.06.010","article-title":"Interleukin receptor therapeutics attenuate inflammation in canine synovium following cruciate ligament injury","volume":"32","author":"Lemmon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4591","article-title":"Targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines following joint injury: acute intra-articular inhibition of interleukin-1 following knee injury prevents post-traumatic arthritis","volume":"16","author":"Furman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.12.009","article-title":"Effects of intraarticular IL1-Ra for acute anterior cruciate ligament knee injury: a randomized controlled pilot trial (NCT00332254)","volume":"20","author":"Kraus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24096","article-title":"Intraarticular injection of anakinra in osteoarthritis of the knee: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"61","author":"Chevalier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-019-0185-y","article-title":"Anti-IL-1 for the treatment of OA: dead or alive?","volume":"15","author":"Chevalier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheuma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deep-learning-based single-domain and multidomain protein structure prediction with D-I-TASSER","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.10104","article-title":"Increasing the precision of comparative models with YASARA NOVA\u2014a self-parameterizing force field","volume":"47","author":"Krieger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proteins"},{"issue":"6621","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/386190a0","article-title":"Crystal structure of the type-I interleukin-1 receptor complexed with interleukin-1\u03b2","volume":"386","author":"Vigers","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052599","article-title":"Conformational dynamics of the soluble and membrane-bound forms of interleukin-1 receptor type-1: insights into linker flexibility and domain orientation","volume":"23","author":"Lu\u00eds","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib31","series-title":"Proceedings of the Python in Science Conference [Internet]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.25080\/Majora-629e541a-00e","article-title":"MDAnalysis: A python package for the rapid analysis of molecular dynamics simulations","author":"Gowers","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.21117","article-title":"PIPER: an FFT-based protein docking program with pairwise potentials","volume":"65","author":"Kozakov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Protein. Struct. Funct. Bioinforma."},{"issue":"6621","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/386194a0","article-title":"A new cytokine-receptor binding mode revealed by the crystal structure of the IL-1 receptor with an antagonist","volume":"386","author":"Schreuder","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2011.09.009","article-title":"High density micromass cultures of a human chondrocyte cell line: a reliable assay system to reveal the modulatory functions of pharmacological agents","volume":"82","author":"Greco","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2002.0823","article-title":"Induction of osteoarthritis in the rat by surgical tear of the meniscus: inhibition of joint damage by a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor","volume":"10","author":"Janusz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2008.04.013","article-title":"Novel synovial fluid recovery method allows for quantification of a marker of arthritis in mice","volume":"16","author":"Seifer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22630","article-title":"Electrostatic interactions enable rapid penetration, enhanced uptake and retention of intra-articular injected avidin in rat knee joints","volume":"32","author":"Bajpayee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pep.2008.01.003","article-title":"Expression and characterization of human glycosylated interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in Pichia pastoris","volume":"59","author":"Hamilton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Protein Expr. Purif."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1342","article-title":"Targeting IL-1 in inflammatory disease: new opportunities for therapeutic intervention","volume":"3","author":"Braddock","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114622","article-title":"Biological properties of recombinant human monocyte-derived interleukin 1 receptor antagonist","volume":"85","author":"Arend","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmgm.2009.01.006","article-title":"Free-energy landscape, principal component analysis, and structural clustering to identify representative conformations from molecular dynamics simulations: the myoglobin case","volume":"27","author":"Papaleo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mol. Graph. Model."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6750-12-68","article-title":"Selective delivery of interleukine-1 receptor antagonist to inflamed joint by albumin fusion","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Biotechnol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3320","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.2c00332","article-title":"High-efficiency treatment for osteoarthritis via self-assembled dual-functionalized nanobiologics","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23756","article-title":"Novel protein therapeutic joint retention strategy based on collagen-binding Avimers","volume":"36","author":"Hulme","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3650","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22952","article-title":"Development and characterization of a fusion protein between thermally responsive elastin-like polypeptide and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist: sustained release of a local antiinflammatory therapeutic","volume":"56","author":"Shamji","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib46","first-page":"233","article-title":"Biophysical chemistry of cartilaginous tissues with special reference to solute and fluid transport1","volume":"12","author":"Maroudas","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biorheology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25245","article-title":"Assessment of osteoarthritis functional outcomes and intra-articular injection volume in the rat anterior cruciate ligament transection model","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.07.021","article-title":"Cartilage and bone markers and inflammatory cytokines are increased in synovial fluid in the acute phase of knee injury (hemarthrosis) \u2013 a cross-sectional analysis","volume":"20","author":"Sw\u00e4rd","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.02.785","article-title":"Cartilage-targeting exosomes for delivery of receptor antagonist of interleukin-1 in osteoarthritis treatment","volume":"33","author":"Pathrikar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7384","DOI":"10.1039\/D4TB00849A","article-title":"Cationic-motif-modified exosomes for mRNA delivery to retinal photoreceptors","volume":"12","author":"Cotto","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.04.004","article-title":"Home delivery for chondrocytes","volume":"33","author":"Evans","year":"2025","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202301443","article-title":"Charge-reversed exosomes for targeted gene delivery to cartilage for osteoarthritis treatment","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19174","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NR02792B","article-title":"Harnessing exosomes for advanced osteoarthritis therapy","volume":"16","author":"Selvadoss","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2025.102920","article-title":"Rational design of extracellular vesicles for targeted drug delivery across physiological barriers","volume":"66","author":"Baby","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1089\/bioe.2021.0026","article-title":"Modeling electrostatic charge shielding induced by cationic drug carriers in articular cartilage using donnan osmotic theory","volume":"4","author":"Warren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioelectricity"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1089\/bioe.2020.0012","article-title":"Bioelectricity for drug delivery: the promise of cationic therapeutics","volume":"2","author":"Young","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioelectricity"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018_bib57","article-title":"Gene therapies for osteoarthritis: progress and prospects","volume":"4","author":"Defois","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cartil. Jt. Preserv."}],"container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458425012816?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458425012816?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T05:33:36Z","timestamp":1774935216000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1063458425012816"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1063458425012816"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["1063-4584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1063-4584","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Engineered cationic Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist outperforms anakinra at joint retention and preventing IL-1-induced cartilage inflammation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2025.12.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}