{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T04:19:26Z","timestamp":1793161166146,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020098","name":"Innovative Health Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101219324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101219324"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","oarsijournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T07:32:31Z","timestamp":1778571151000},"page":"1153-1160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Genetics of osteoarthritis: Insights from GWAS to therapeutic opportunities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4699-3672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Hatzikotoulas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7546-9650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorraine","family":"Southam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4238-659X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleftheria","family":"Zeggini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00757-8","volume":"403","author":"GBD 2021 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30417-9","article-title":"Osteoarthritis","volume":"393","author":"Hunter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e508","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00163-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990-2020 and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"5","author":"GBD 2021 Osteoarthritis Collaborators","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheuma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2009.08.010","article-title":"Risk factors for onset of osteoarthritis of the knee in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Blagojevic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2003.09.005","article-title":"Risk factors for osteoarthritis: genetics","volume":"12 A","author":"Spector","year":"2004","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.03.002","article-title":"Genetics of osteoarthritis","volume":"30","author":"Aubourg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218089","article-title":"Microenvironment in subchondral bone: predominant regulator for the treatment of osteoarthritis","volume":"80","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reth.2020.07.007","article-title":"Degenerative osteoarthritis a reversible chronic disease","volume":"15","author":"Di Nicola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Regen. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34453","article-title":"Osteoarthritis: a disease of the joint as an organ","volume":"64","author":"Loeser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.08.016","article-title":"Standardizing single-cell approaches to osteoarthritis: toward a comprehensive cellular atlas","volume":"34","author":"Delgado-Sanchez","year":"2026","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3314","article-title":"The support of human genetic evidence for approved drug indications","volume":"47","author":"Nelson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/2005","article-title":"A functional polymorphism in the 5\u2032 UTR of GDF5 is associated with susceptibility to osteoarthritis","volume":"39","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.134155","article-title":"The GDF5 rs143383 polymorphism is associated with osteoarthritis of the knee with genome-wide statistical significance","volume":"70","author":"Valdes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27530","article-title":"Genetic variation in the SMAD3 gene is associated with hip and knee osteoarthritis","volume":"62","author":"Valdes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.07.038","article-title":"Deciphering osteoarthritis genetics across 826,690 individuals from 9 populations","volume":"184","author":"Boer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01221-w","article-title":"Novel genetic loci associated with osteoarthritis in multi-ancestry analyses in the Million Veteran Program and UK Biobank","volume":"54","author":"McDonald","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08771-z","article-title":"Translational genomics of osteoarthritis in 1,962,069 individuals","volume":"641","author":"Hatzikotoulas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07019-6","article-title":"Genetic drivers of heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology","volume":"627","author":"Suzuki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05275-y","article-title":"A saturated map of common genetic variants associated with human height","volume":"610","author":"Yengo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.141473","article-title":"Insights into the genetic architecture of osteoarthritis from stage 1 of the arcOGEN study","volume":"70","author":"Panoutsopoulou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60681-3","article-title":"Identification of new susceptibility loci for osteoarthritis (arcOGEN): a genome-wide association study","volume":"380","author":"arcOGEN Consortium","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0079-y","article-title":"Genome-wide analyses using UK Biobank data provide insights into the genetic architecture of osteoarthritis","volume":"50","author":"Zengini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0247-0","article-title":"Meta-analysis of Icelandic and UK data sets identifies missense variants in SMO, IL11, COL11A1 and 13 more new loci associated with osteoarthritis","volume":"50","author":"Styrkarsdottir","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0327-1","article-title":"Identification of new therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis through genome-wide analyses of UK Biobank data","volume":"51","author":"Tachmazidou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3293","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612811209023293","article-title":"Insights on biology and pathology of HIF-1\u03b1\/-2\u03b1, TGF\u03b2\/BMP, Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin, and NF-\u03baB pathways in osteoarthritis","volume":"18","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217834","article-title":"Genome-wide association of phenotypes based on clustering patterns of hand osteoarthritis identify WNT9A as novel osteoarthritis gene","volume":"80","author":"Boer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223199","article-title":"Genome-wide association meta-analysis of knee and hip osteoarthritis uncovers genetic differences between patients treated with joint replacement and patients without joint replacement","volume":"82","author":"Henkel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2023.05.006","article-title":"Genetic risk factors for end-stage hip osteoarthritis treated with total hip arthroplasty: a genome-wide association study","volume":"38","author":"Kulm","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Arthroplast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2957","article-title":"Severe osteoarthritis of the hand associates with common variants within the ALDH1A2 gene and with rare variants at 1p31","volume":"46","author":"Styrkarsdottir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211214","article-title":"Genome-wide association and functional studies identify a role for matrix Gla protein in osteoarthritis of the hand","volume":"76","author":"den Hollander","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223468","article-title":"Meta-analysis of erosive hand osteoarthritis identifies four common variants that associate with relatively large effect","volume":"82","author":"Styrkarsdottir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104759","article-title":"The identification of distinct protective and susceptibility mechanisms for hip osteoarthritis: findings from a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of minimum joint space width and Mendelian randomisation cluster analyses","volume":"95","author":"Faber","year":"2023","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddae169","article-title":"The genetic architecture of hip shape and its role in the development of hip osteoarthritis and fracture","volume":"34","author":"Faber","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3816","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing identifies rare genotypes in COMP and CHADL associated with high risk of hip osteoarthritis","volume":"49","author":"Styrkarsdottir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08494","article-title":"Finding the missing heritability of complex diseases","volume":"461","author":"Manolio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-025-03563-2","article-title":"Recent advances in omics and the integration of multi-omics in osteoarthritis research","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-025-00732-y","article-title":"Progress in multi-omics studies of osteoarthritis","volume":"13","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomark. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib38","article-title":"Impact of proteogenomic evidence on clinical success","author":"Karim","year":"2026","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21593-7","article-title":"A molecular quantitative trait locus map for osteoarthritis","volume":"12","author":"Steinberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2022.05.010","article-title":"An epigenome-wide view of osteoarthritis in primary tissues","volume":"109","author":"Kreitmaier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.01.020","article-title":"The epigenomic landscape of primary tissues in osteoarthritis","author":"Kreitmaier","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2016.1147632","article-title":"STAR syndrome-associated CDK10\/Cyclin M regulates actin network architecture and ciliogenesis","volume":"15","author":"Guen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.01.001","article-title":"The RNA exosome targets the AID cytidine deaminase to both strands of transcribed duplex DNA substrates","volume":"144","author":"Basu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2015.03.005","article-title":"Perspective: the RNA exosome, cytokine gene regulation and links to autoimmunity","volume":"74","author":"Blin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2024.03.015","article-title":"Nuclear RNA homeostasis promotes systems-level coordination of cell fate and senescence","volume":"31","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4899","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0421-18.2018","article-title":"GDNF, neurturin, and artemin activate and sensitize bone afferent neurons and contribute to inflammatory bone pain","volume":"38","author":"Nencini","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.05.017","article-title":"Discovery and analysis of methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) mapping to novel osteoarthritis genetic risk signals","volume":"27","author":"Rice","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2020.06.001","article-title":"Multi-tissue epigenetic analysis of the osteoarthritis susceptibility locus mapping to the plectin gene PLEC","volume":"28","author":"Sorial","year":"2020","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-023-03066-y","article-title":"Osteoarthritis genetic risk acting on the galactosyltransferase gene COLGALT2 has opposing functional effects in articulating joint tissues","volume":"25","author":"Kehayova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddad198","article-title":"Epigenomic profiling of the infrapatellar fat pad in osteoarthritis","volume":"33","author":"Kreitmaier","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib51","article-title":"Response eQTLs, chromatin accessibility, and 3D chromatin structure in chondrocytes provide mechanistic insight into osteoarthritis risk","volume":"5","author":"Kramer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-025-01551-3","article-title":"Emerging concepts and challenges in the development of disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs - a more refined perspective","volume":"48","author":"Jenei-Lanzl","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv34","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex417","article-title":"Is osteoarthritis one disease or a collection of many?","volume":"57","author":"Deveza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-025-00482-2","article-title":"Terminologies and definitions used to classify patients with osteoarthritis: a scoping review","volume":"9","author":"Gijon-Nogueron","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Rheuma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20571","article-title":"Identification of phenotypes with different clinical outcomes in knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative","volume":"63","author":"Knoop","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res. (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2013.10.018","article-title":"Osteoarthritis--a case for personalized health care?","volume":"22","author":"Karsdal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000567","article-title":"Molecular taxonomy of osteoarthritis for patient stratification, disease management and drug development: biochemical markers associated with emerging clinical phenotypes and molecular endotypes","volume":"31","author":"Mobasheri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-1286-2","article-title":"Identification of clinical phenotypes in knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Dell'Isola","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-023-00903-x","article-title":"Deep learning based phenotyping of medical images improves power for gene discovery of complex disease","volume":"6","author":"Flynn","year":"2023","journal-title":"NPJ Digit. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib60","article-title":"Structural phenotypes of osteoarthritis are clinically and genetically distinct: findings from 59,539 UK Biobank participants","author":"Faber","year":"2026","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0353-1","article-title":"Tutorial: a guide to performing polygenic risk score analyses","volume":"15","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-023-00637-2","article-title":"Principles and methods for transferring polygenic risk scores across global populations","volume":"25","author":"Kachuri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42155","article-title":"Toward precision medicine-is genetic risk prediction ready for prime time in osteoarthritis?","volume":"74","author":"Yau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.3049","article-title":"From basic science to clinical application of polygenic risk scores: a primer","volume":"78","author":"Wray","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-023-03082-y","article-title":"Improved genetic prediction of the risk of knee osteoarthritis using the risk factor-based polygenic score","volume":"25","author":"Morita","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42246","article-title":"Risk assessment for hip and knee osteoarthritis using polygenic risk scores","volume":"74","author":"Sedaghati-Khayat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42156","article-title":"Genomic risk score for advanced osteoarthritis in older adults","volume":"74","author":"Lacaze","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5673","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaf327","article-title":"Associations of healthy lifestyle and genetic susceptibility with risks of osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study","volume":"64","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-025-00900-8","article-title":"Clinical use of polygenic risk scores: current status, barriers and future directions","volume":"27","author":"Kullo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105285","article-title":"Exploring antidiabetic drug targets as potential disease-modifying agents in osteoarthritis","volume":"107","author":"Fu","year":"2024","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"}],"container-title":["Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458426009088?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1063458426009088?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T07:02:58Z","timestamp":1784185378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1063458426009088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1063458426009088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1063-4584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1063-4584","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Genetics of osteoarthritis: Insights from GWAS to therapeutic opportunities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2026.05.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Osteoarthritis Research Society International.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}