{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:20:55Z","timestamp":1791278455164,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,30]],"date-time":"2005-05-30T11:24:49Z","timestamp":1117452289000},"page":"389-398","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":189,"title":["Photodynamic therapy of high grade glioma \u2013 long term survival"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Stanley S.","family":"Stylli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew H.","family":"Kaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lachlan","family":"MacGregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Howes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Rajendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.53.1.5","article-title":"Cancer statistics","volume":"53","author":"Jemal","year":"2003","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.54.1.8","volume":"54","author":"Jemal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Statistics. CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02188776","article-title":"Glioblastoma multiforme: an accumulated experience over 10 years","volume":"137","author":"Obwegesser","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1989.71.1.0001","article-title":"Brain tumour cooperative group trial 8001","volume":"71","author":"Shapiro","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.4.429","article-title":"Current therapy for brain tumours","volume":"56","author":"Shapiro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levin VA. Chemotherapy of primary brain tumors. In: Frank BD, editor. Symposium on Neuro-oncology, vol. 3, Neurologic Clinics, 4th ed. York, Penn: WB Saunders; 1985. p. 855\u2013866","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(18)31014-4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1988.68.1.0001","article-title":"Chemotherapy for malignant gliomas","volume":"68","author":"Kornblith","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(90)90096-3","article-title":"Superiority of post-radiotherapy adjuvant chemotherapy with CCNU, procarbazine and vincrsitine (PCV) over BCNU for anaplastic gliomas: NCOG 6G61 final report","volume":"18","author":"Levin","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Rad Onc Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib9","first-page":"1479","article-title":"Adjuvant therapy with dibromodulcitol and BCNU increases survival of adults with malignant glioma","volume":"44","author":"Hildebrand","year":"1994","journal-title":"EORTC Brain Tumour Group Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/ssu.2980110503","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of brain tumors","author":"Popovic","year":"1995","journal-title":"Semin Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1002\/ssu.2980110504","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for recurrent supratentorial gliomas","volume":"11","author":"Muller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Semin Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02815360","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for intracranial neoplasms. Literature review and institutional experience","volume":"21","author":"Origitano","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Chem Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199002000-00011","article-title":"Selective uptake of hematoporphyrin derivative into human cerebral glioma","volume":"26","author":"Hill","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib14","series-title":"Cancer Principles and Practice of Oncology","first-page":"2272","article-title":"Photodynamic sensitizers","author":"Dougherty","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1002\/jpp.328","article-title":"Basic principles of photodynamic therapy","volume":"5","author":"MacDonald","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Porphyr Phthalocyan"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib16","series-title":"World Health Organization Classification of tumours","first-page":"6","article-title":"Pathology and genetics of Tumours of the central nervous system","author":"Kleihues","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198512000-00002","article-title":"The uptake and retention of hematoporphyrin derivative in an in vivo\/in vitro model of cerebral glioma","volume":"17","author":"Kaye","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198304000-00013","article-title":"Quantitation of hematoporphyrin derivative in human gliomas, experimental central nervous system tumours and normal tissues","volume":"12","author":"Wharen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib19","unstructured":"StataCorp 2001. Stata Statistical Software: Release 7.0. College Station, TX: Stata Corporation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(89)90941-3","article-title":"Patterns of failure following treatment for glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma","volume":"16","author":"Wallner","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1097\/00130404-200305000-00009","article-title":"Long term survivors of glioblastoma: statistical aberration or important unrecognised molecular subtype?","volume":"9","author":"Senger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1978.49.3.0333","article-title":"Evaluation of BCNU and\/or radiotherapy in the treatment of anaplastic gliomas. A cooperative clinical trial","volume":"49","author":"Walker","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12328-8","article-title":"Primary brain tumors in adults","volume":"361","author":"Behin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1993.11.1.77","article-title":"Randomized comparison of diaziquone and carmustine in the treatment of adults with anaplastic glioma","volume":"11","author":"Schold","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-199308000-00001","article-title":"An analysis of radiotherapy data from the CNS Cancer Consortium\u2019s randomized prospective trial comparing AZQ to BCNU in the treatment of patients with primary malignant brain tumour","volume":"16","author":"Halperin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"Suppl 19","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2003.11.037","article-title":"Benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy in high-grade gliomas","volume":"30","author":"DeAngelis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11666","article-title":"Is the long-term survival of patients with intracranial glioblastoma multiforme overstated?","volume":"98","author":"McLendon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199908)46:2<183::AID-ANA7>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Which glioblastoma multiforme patient will become a long-term survivor? A population based study","volume":"46","author":"Scott","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.3109\/02841869009096382","article-title":"Long-term survival after malignant glioma: a clinical and histopathological study on the accuracy of the diagnosis in a population based cancer register","volume":"29","author":"Ullen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2572","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.8.2572","article-title":"Outcomes and prognostic factors in recurrent glioma patients enrolled onto phase II clinical trials","volume":"17","author":"Wong","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930415)71:8<2585::AID-CNCR2820710825>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Meta-analysis of radiation therapy with and without adjuvant chemotherapy for malignant gliomas in adults","volume":"71","author":"Fine","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1316","article-title":"A phase II study of temozolomide vs. procarbazine in patients\u2019 with glioblastoma multiforme at first relapse","volume":"83","author":"Yung","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1992.76.5.0772","article-title":"A randomized comparison of intra-arterial versus intravenous BCNU, with or without intravenous 5-fluorouracil, for newly diagnosed patients with malignant glioma","volume":"76","author":"Shapiro","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1992.76.1.0001","article-title":"Immunotoxins and central nervous system neoplasia","volume":"76","author":"Hall","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib35","first-page":"1386","article-title":"Inhibition of tumour-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses by transforming growth beta 1","volume":"52","author":"Inge","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00310658","article-title":"The effects of local and systemic interferon beta (Fiblaferon) on supratentorial malignant cerebral glioma \u2013 a phase II study","volume":"14","author":"Wild","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kondo S, Yin D, Takeuchi J, et al. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha induces an increase in susceptibility of human glioblastoma U87-MG cells to natural killer cell-mediated lysis 1994; 69: 627\u2013632","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1994.123"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barba D, Saris SC, Holder C, Rosenberg SA, Oldfield EH. Intratumoral LAK cell and interleukin-2 therapy of human gliomas 1989; 70: 175\u2013182","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1989.70.2.0175"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib39","unstructured":"Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States: Statistical Report: Primary Brain Tumors of the United States, 1992\u20131997. Chicago, IL: Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198012043032303","article-title":"Randomized comparisons of radiotherapy and nitorosoureas for the treatment of malignant glioma after surgery","volume":"303","author":"Walker","year":"1980","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1993.11.7.1316","article-title":"Phase II comparative evaluation of PCNU and carmustine combined with radiation therapy for high-grade glioma","volume":"11","author":"Dinapoli","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005735405986","article-title":"Randomized trial of radiation therapy (RT) plus dibromodulcitol (DBD) versus RT plus BCNU in high grade astrocytoma","volume":"33","author":"Elliott","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010715)92:2<420::AID-CNCR1338>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"A phase III study of radiation therapy plus carmustine with or without recombinant interferon-a in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma","volume":"92","author":"Buckner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib44","first-page":"77a","article-title":"Comparison of mixed anaplastic oligoastrocytoma and high grade astrocytoma in North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) clinical trials of high-grade glioma (abstract)","volume":"21","author":"Buckner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/85.9.704","article-title":"Recursive partitioning analysis of prognostic factors in three Radiation Therapy Oncology Group malignant glioma trials","volume":"85","author":"Curran","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glioma Meta-Analysis Trialists (GMT) Group: Chemotherapy in adult high-grade glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data from 12 randomized trials. Lancet 2002; 359: 1011\u20131018","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08091-1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1117\/12.203437","article-title":"Clinical and experimental results of photodynamic therapy in neurosurgery","volume":"2371","author":"Kostron","year":"1995","journal-title":"SPIE Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100030444","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of malignant brain tumour","volume":"17","author":"Muller","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440418","article-title":"Malignant glioma: who benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy?","volume":"44","author":"DeAngelis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib50","first-page":"3878","article-title":"Phase III randomised study of postradiotherapy chemotherapy with alpha-difluoromethylornithine-procarbizine, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N\u2032-cyclohexyl-N-nitrosurea, vincristine (DFMO-PCV) versus PCV for glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"6","author":"Levin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)01458-9","article-title":"Phase III trial of accelerated hyperfractionation with or without difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) versus standard fractionated radiotherapy with or without DFMO for newly diagnosed patients with glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"49","author":"Prados","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.4.1111","article-title":"Phase I study of topotecan plus cranial radiation for glioblastoma multiforme: results of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 9507","volume":"19","author":"Fisher","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010621400203","article-title":"Concurrent accelerated hyperfractionated radiation therapy and carboplatin\/etoposide inpatients with malignant glioma: long term results of a phase II study","volume":"51","author":"Jeremic","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006402123397","article-title":"A phase II study of pre-radiation chemotherapy followed by external beam radiotherapy for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study (E2393)","volume":"47","author":"Gilbert","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)01412-7","volume":"48","author":"Coughlin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(99)00122-4","article-title":"A phase II trial of high-dose bromodeoxyuridine with accelerated fractionation radiotherapy followed by procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine for glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"45","author":"Groves","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006386114104","article-title":"Radiation and concomitant weekly administration of paclitaxel in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. A Phase II study","volume":"45","author":"Fountzilas","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006254716877","article-title":"Treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme with carmustine, cisplatin and etoposide followed by radiotherapy. A phase II study","volume":"43","author":"Lassen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.5.1785","article-title":"Selective tumour uptake of a boronated porphyrin in an animal model of cerebral glioma","volume":"89","author":"Hill","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2004.02.001","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of brain tumours: evaluation of porphyrin uptake versus clinical outcome","volume":"11","author":"Stylli","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586805000524?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586805000524?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T14:17:17Z","timestamp":1586269037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967586805000524"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0967586805000524"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.01.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-5868","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}}}