{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T16:20:04Z","timestamp":1777998004930,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","jocn-journal.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]],"date-time":"2015-08-14T06:47:08Z","timestamp":1439534828000},"page":"1964-1968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["The kynurenine to tryptophan ratio as a prognostic tool for glioblastoma patients enrolling in immunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Lijie","family":"Zhai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahua","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen L.","family":"Lauing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Galina","family":"Gritsina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajwant","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rimas V.","family":"Lukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Kelly","family":"Nicholas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfred W.","family":"Rademaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos R.","family":"Dostal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"McCusker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Raizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew T.","family":"Parsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orin","family":"Bloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek A.","family":"Wainwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043330","article-title":"Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma","volume":"352","author":"Stupp","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1302369","article-title":"Nivolumab plus ipilimumab in advanced melanoma","volume":"369","author":"Wolchok","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003466","article-title":"Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma","volume":"363","author":"Hodi","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/not203","article-title":"Heat-shock protein peptide complex-96 vaccination for recurrent glioblastoma: a phase II, single-arm trial","volume":"16","author":"Bloch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nou348","article-title":"A phase II, multicenter trial of rindopepimut (CDX-110) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: the ACT III study","volume":"17","author":"Schuster","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0030","first-page":"2047","article-title":"Autologous tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell immunotherapy for pediatric patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent high-grade gliomas","volume":"33","author":"Lasky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/2051-1426-2-10","article-title":"Cytokine responsiveness of CD8(+) T cells is a reproducible biomarker for the clinical efficacy of dendritic cell vaccination in glioblastoma patients","volume":"2","author":"Everson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunotherap Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6110","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-2130","article-title":"IDO expression in brain tumors increases the recruitment of regulatory T cells and negatively impacts survival","volume":"18","author":"Wainwright","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31828cf945","article-title":"Expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and correlation with pathological malignancy in gliomas","volume":"72","author":"Mitsuka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10491","article-title":"An endogenous tumour-promoting ligand of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor","volume":"478","author":"Opitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-014-1687-8","article-title":"The role of IDO in brain tumor immunotherapy","volume":"123","author":"Zhai","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e957994","DOI":"10.4161\/21624011.2014.957994","article-title":"Trial watch: IDO inhibitors in cancer therapy","volume":"3","author":"Vacchelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12079","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.21.12079","article-title":"Selective expression of the large neutral amino acid transporter at the blood-brain barrier","volume":"96","author":"Boado","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1991.tb03460.x","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier transport of kynurenines: implications for brain synthesis and metabolism","volume":"56","author":"Fukui","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-3358","article-title":"Individual patient-specific immunity against high-grade glioma after vaccination with autologous tumor derived peptides bound to the 96 KD chaperone protein","volume":"19","author":"Crane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2009.05.001","article-title":"Increased serum kynurenine\/tryptophan ratio correlates with disease progression in lung cancer","volume":"67","author":"Suzuki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/44.4.858","article-title":"Serum kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio increases with progressive disease in HIV-infected patients","volume":"44","author":"Huengsberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31822017fb","article-title":"Serum tryptophan and kynurenine concentrations as parameters for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity in patients with endometrial, ovarian, and vulvar cancer","volume":"21","author":"de Jong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-4889(89)90087-6","article-title":"Characteristics of interferon induced tryptophan metabolism in human cells in vitro","volume":"1012","author":"Werner-Felmayer","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochimica Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0135-0_3","article-title":"Tryptophan catabolism and T cell responses","volume":"527","author":"Mellor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(99)01520-0","article-title":"Tryptophan catabolism and T-cell tolerance: immunosuppression by starvation?","volume":"20","author":"Mellor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020052","article-title":"Inhibition of allogeneic T Cell proliferation by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase\u2013expressing dendritic cells: mediation of suppression by tryptophan metabolites","volume":"196","author":"Terness","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3190","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903670","article-title":"An interaction between kynurenine and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor can generate regulatory T cells","volume":"185","author":"Mezrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.10.JNS081141","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase as a new target for malignant glioma therapy. Laboratory investigation","volume":"111","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1038\/nm934","article-title":"Evidence for a tumoral immune resistance mechanism based on tryptophan degradation by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase","volume":"9","author":"Uyttenhove","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17073","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806173105","article-title":"Chronic inflammation that facilitates tumor progression creates local immune suppression by inducing indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase","volume":"105","author":"Muller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112945","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112945","article-title":"Involvement of the kynurenine pathway in human glioma pathophysiology","volume":"9","author":"Adams","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586815003586?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586815003586?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:19:29Z","timestamp":1748564369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967586815003586"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0967586815003586"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-5868","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The kynurenine to tryptophan ratio as a prognostic tool for glioblastoma patients enrolling in immunotherapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.06.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}