{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:41:14Z","timestamp":1760985674909,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","jocn-journal.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]],"date-time":"2018-07-03T15:36:37Z","timestamp":1530632197000},"page":"179-182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Direct head injury caused by a tear gas cartridge. Questions on safety: A case report from Iraq and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Haider T.","family":"Alhillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3592-5129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed M.","family":"Arnaout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hayder S.","family":"Radhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"Al-Dhahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis R.","family":"Moscote-Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samer S.","family":"Hoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13141","article-title":"Tear gas: an epidemiological and mechanistic reassessment","volume":"1378","author":"Rothenberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0010","first-page":"2011","article-title":"Violent clashes mark protests against Mubarak\u2019s rule","volume":"1","author":"Fahim","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Y Times"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1386\/jams.5.1.69_1","article-title":"Cyberactivism in the Tunisian and Egyptian revolutions: potentials, limitations, overlaps and divergences","volume":"5","author":"Khamis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Afr Media Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0020","unstructured":"GOOD S. Turkish Protests:\u2018Occupy Istanbul\u2019or a \u2018Turkish Spring\u2019?"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0025","unstructured":"Sollom R, Atkinson HG. Weaponizing tear gas: Bahrain\u2019s unprecedented use of toxic chemical agents against civilians. 2012."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/676917","article-title":"Precarious intensities: gendered bodies in the streets and squares of Greece","volume":"40","author":"Athanasiou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Signs J Women Culture Soc"},{"year":"2016","series-title":"The occupy movement in Hong Kong: sustaining decentralized protest","author":"Cai","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0035"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-4179(95)00063-H","article-title":"Acute mass burns caused by o-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) tear gas","volume":"21","author":"Zekri","year":"1995","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2016.01.002","article-title":"Effects of tear gases on the eye","volume":"61","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.2165\/00139709-200322020-00005","article-title":"Tear gases and irritant incapacitants","volume":"22","author":"Blain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0055","article-title":"Riot control agents: the tear gases CN, CS and OC\u2014a medical review","author":"Schep","year":"2013","journal-title":"J R Army Med Corps"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1159\/000314054","article-title":"Head injury caused by tear gas cartridge in teenage population","volume":"46","author":"Abrar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2009.01.011","article-title":"Fatal cranial shot by blank cartridge gun: two suicide cases","volume":"16","author":"Buyuk","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Forensic Legal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(03)00282-2","article-title":"Lethal head injury due to tear-gas cartridge gunshots","volume":"137","author":"Clarot","year":"2003","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-14-00234","article-title":"Effects of canister shot in the civil war: skull of a soldier of the 54th Massachusetts volunteers","volume":"179","author":"Hill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.5603\/AIT.2015.0035","article-title":"Penetrating brain injury: a case report","volume":"47","author":"\u015ami\u0142owska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3109\/10903127.2014.891063","article-title":"Pepper spray injury severity: ten-year case experience of a poison control system","volume":"18","author":"Kearney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prehospital Emergency Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0090","first-page":"73","article-title":"Is the pepper spray a triggering factor in myocardial infarction? A case report","volume":"16","author":"\u00c7il","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.98.5.961","article-title":"Pepper-spray-induced respiratory failure treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"98","author":"Billmire","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318206cad9","article-title":"Conjunctival proliferation after a mild pepper spray injury in a young child","volume":"30","author":"Gerber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830100018","article-title":"Air-gun pellet injuries to the head and neck in children","volume":"17","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Lage","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0110","first-page":"139","article-title":"Malignant glioma after bombshell injury","volume":"3","author":"Troost","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(02)00643-2","article-title":"Head injury by gunshots from blank cartridges","volume":"57","author":"Giese","year":"2002","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12954","article-title":"Rare and severe maxillofacial injury due to tear gas capsules: report of three cases","volume":"61","author":"\u00c7orbac\u0269o\u011flu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010050419","article-title":"The effect of implementation of guidelines for the management of severe head injury on patient treatment and outcome","volume":"141","author":"Vuki\u0107","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Neurochirurgica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200206000-00031","article-title":"Predictors of compliance with the evidence-based guidelines for traumatic brain injury care: a survey of United States trauma centers","volume":"52","author":"Hesdorffer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S096758681830482X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S096758681830482X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T22:43:42Z","timestamp":1661553822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S096758681830482X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S096758681830482X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0967-5868"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Direct head injury caused by a tear gas cartridge. Questions on safety: A case report from Iraq and review of the literature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.06.051","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}