{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:00:29Z","timestamp":1788238829023,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jocn-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T00:23:33Z","timestamp":1610411013000},"page":"301-309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["How common are seizures in the heidenhain variant of creutzfeldt-jakob disease? A case report and systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Subramanian","family":"Muthusamy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronil V.","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udaya","family":"Seneviratne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0005","unstructured":"WHO. Global Surveillance, Diagnosis and Therapy of Human Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies: Report of a WHO Consultation. Emerg. other Commun. Dis. Surveill. Control, Geneva: World Health Organisation; 1998."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1086\/505215","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a rare cause of dementia in elderly persons","volume":"43","author":"Knight","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kobayashi A, Teruya K, Matsuura Y, Shirai T, Nakamura Y, Yamada M, et al. The influence of PRNP polymorphisms on human prion disease susceptibility: an update. Acta Neuropathol 2015;130:159\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-015-1447-7.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1447-7"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parchi P, Giese A, Capellari S, Brown P, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Windl O, et al. Classification of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease based on molecular and phenotypic analysis of 300 subjects. Ann Neurol 1999;46:224\u201333.","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199908)46:2<224::AID-ANA12>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63945-5.00009-X","article-title":"Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"153","author":"Zerr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Will RG, Matthews WB. A retrospective study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in England and Wales 1970-79. I: Clinical features. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984;47:134\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.47.2.134.","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.2.134"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh249","article-title":"Predictors of survival in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies","volume":"127","author":"Pocchiari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.8.FOCUS15328","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: updated diagnostic criteria, treatment algorithm, and the utility of brain biopsy","volume":"39","author":"Manix","year":"2015","journal-title":"FOC"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp191","article-title":"Updated clinical diagnostic criteria for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"132","author":"Zerr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180123","article-title":"Unusual Clinical Presentations Challenging the Early Clinical Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease","volume":"64","author":"Baiardi","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAD"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150668","article-title":"Revisiting the Heidenhain Variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: Evidence for Prion Type Variability Influencing Clinical Course and Laboratory Findings","volume":"50","author":"Baiardi","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAD"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0060","first-page":"208","article-title":"Characteristics of established and proposed sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease variants","volume":"66","author":"Appleby","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.074856","article-title":"Isolated visual symptoms at onset in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: the clinical phenotype of the \u201cHeidenhain variant\u201d","volume":"89","author":"Cooper","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.1.55","article-title":"The Heidenhain Variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease","volume":"56","author":"Kropp","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keyrouz SG, Labib BT, Sethi R. MRI and EEG findings in Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology 2006;67:333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.wnl.0000208487.18608.41.","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000208487.18608.41"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.12.007","article-title":"EEG in Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease","volume":"117","author":"WIESER","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gambetti P, Kong Q, Zou W, Parchi P, Chen SG. Sporadic and familial CJD: classification and characterisation. Br Med Bull 2003;66:213\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bmb\/66.1.213.","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/66.1.213"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410150220","article-title":"Partial elementary motor seizures as the first symptom of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"15","author":"Aronyk","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee K, Haight E, Olejniczak P. Epilepsia partialis continua in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Acta Neurol Scand 2000;102:398\u2013402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034\/j.1600-0404.2000.102006398.x.","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0404.2000.102006398.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S1059-1311(02)00378-3","article-title":"Generalized convulsive status epilepticus in Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease","volume":"12","author":"NEUFELD","year":"2003","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebcr.2019.01.006","article-title":"Probable sporadic Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease mimicking focal epilepsy","volume":"11","author":"Hsiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsy & Behavior Case Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taskiran A, Tezer FI, Saygi S. Epilepsia partialis continua as the presenting symptom in probable sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Epileptic Disord 2011;13:82\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/epd.2011.0400.","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2011.0400"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.10.012","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and non-convulsive status epilepticus: a clinical and electroencephalographic follow-up study","volume":"115","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Torre","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebcr.2014.01.004","article-title":"Treating seizures in Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease","volume":"2","author":"Ng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy & Behavior Case Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W65","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00136","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration","volume":"151","author":"Liberati","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(90)90201-W","article-title":"Pre-mortem diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by detection of abnormal cerebrospinal fluid proteins","volume":"99","author":"Blisard","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2008.03.001","article-title":"MRI and FDG PET\/CT findings in a case of probable Heidenhain variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"35","author":"Claren\u00e7on","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867419850319","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms in the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob\u2019s disease mistaken for major depression and functional neurological disorder","volume":"53","author":"Restrepo-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Staffen W, Trinka E, Iglseder B, Pilz P, Homann N, Ladurner G. Clinical and diagnostic findings in a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (type Heidenhain). J Neuroimaging 1997;7:50\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jon19977150.","DOI":"10.1111\/jon19977150"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas A, Klein JC, Galldiks N, Hilker R, Grond M, Jacobs AH. Multitracer PET imaging in Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Neurol 2006;253:258\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-005-0953-2.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-005-0953-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1080\/13554794.2018.1439067","article-title":"Heterozygous genotype at codon 129 correlates with prolonged disease course in Heidenhain variant sporadic CJD: case report","volume":"24","author":"Townley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pjnns.2017.01.011","article-title":"The Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease and concomitant tau pathology: A case report","volume":"51","author":"Ehler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0165","first-page":"218","article-title":"EEG and Cranial MRI Findings in Heidenhain Variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease","volume":"31","author":"Guveli","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci [Turkish]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0170","first-page":"48","article-title":"Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: An autopsy study from India","volume":"12","author":"Kher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(79)90070-9","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Optic Atrophy","volume":"87","author":"Lesser","year":"1979","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.17.2.129","article-title":"A RARE PRESENILE DEMENTIA ASSOCIATED WITH CORTICAL BLINDNESS (HEIDENHAIN'S SYNDROME)","volume":"17","author":"Meyer","year":"1954","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0185","article-title":"Atypical features of dementia in a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","author":"Pachalska","year":"2007139","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e3182916155","article-title":"The Heidenhain Variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease\u2014A Case Series:","volume":"34","author":"Parker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.3129\/i08-123","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with visual manifestations","volume":"43","author":"Proulx","year":"2008","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim E-J, Cho S-S, Jeong B-H, Kim Y-S, Seo SW, Na DL, et al. Glucose metabolism in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a statistical parametric mapping analysis of (18) F-FDG PET. Eur J Neurol 2012;19:488\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03570.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03570.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Javed Q, Alam F, Krishna S, Jaganathan G. An unusual case of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). BMJ Case Rep 2010;2010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr.12.2009.2576.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.12.2009.2576"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjebm-2017-110853","article-title":"Methodological quality and synthesis of case series and case reports","volume":"23","author":"Murad","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ EBM"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.17.1.124","article-title":"Of Illusions, Hallucinations and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (Heidenhain's Variant)","volume":"17","author":"Brar","year":"2005","journal-title":"JNP"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/00041327-200020020-00005","article-title":"Homonymous Visual Field Defects in Patients Without Corresponding Structural Lesions on Neuroimaging:","volume":"20","author":"Brazis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3109\/01658107.2012.654925","article-title":"Rapidly Progressive Homonymous Hemianopia in the Heidenhain Variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease","volume":"36","author":"Chin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuro-Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cornelius JR, Boes CJ, Ghearing G, Leavitt JA, Kumar N. Visual symptoms in the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. J Neuroimaging 2009;19:283\u20137.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2008.00294.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"del Barrio-Manso I, Toribio-Garcia A, Cordero-Coma M, Tunon L, Baragano E. [Creutzfeldt - Jakob presenting with isolated visual symptoms: the Heidenhain variant]. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2010;85:341\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oftal.2010.09.014.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2173-5794(10)70056-6"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002617","article-title":"Focal photoparoxysmal response in the Heidenhain variant of CJD: Hidden from view!","volume":"86","author":"Feyissa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(99)00145-8","article-title":"Giant visually-evoked potentials without myoclonus in the Heidenhain type of Creutzfeld\u2013Jakob disease","volume":"167","author":"Finsterer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afm191","article-title":"Vision loss due to coincident ocular and central causes in a patient with Heidenhain variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"37","author":"Foundas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2015.12.009","article-title":"Of grave concern","volume":"62","author":"Fraser","year":"2017","journal-title":"Survey of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1981.00510050078015","article-title":"Focal EEG Abnormalities in Heidenhain's Variant of Jakob-Creutzfeldt Disease","volume":"38","author":"Furlan","year":"1981","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7522-5","article-title":"Visual hallucinations: an unusual manifestation of sporadic Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease termed the \u2018Heidenhain variant\u2019","volume":"261","author":"Gooriah","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03165066","article-title":"18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET and99mTc-bicisate-SPECT in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"10","author":"Gr\u00fcnwald","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hashimoto M, Obara Y, Yoshida K, Ohguro H. A case of early Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with acute bilateral visual loss. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2008;52:235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10384-008-0522-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-008-0522-1"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.195003","article-title":"Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease in a patient who had bovine bioprosthetic valve implantation","volume":"64","author":"Hashoul","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2011.72.10.590","article-title":"Sporadic Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease presenting as a stroke mimic","volume":"72","author":"Hirst","year":"2011","journal-title":"British Journal of Hospital Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2018.79.12.712","article-title":"The Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease","volume":"79","author":"Hunt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Hosp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0295","first-page":"381","article-title":"Heidenhain variant in two patients with inherited V210I Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"126","author":"Imbriani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1097\/00041327-200106000-00008","article-title":"The Heidenhain Variant of Creutzfeldt???Jakob Disease: Clinical, Pathologic, and Neuroimaging Findings:","volume":"21","author":"Jacobs","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e31818e4023","article-title":"Ocular Dipping in Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease:","volume":"28","author":"Jeong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.1995.tb01864.x","article-title":"Antagonizing correlation between periodic synchronous discharges and photically induced giant evoked responses in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (Heidenhain type): A case study","volume":"49","author":"JIBIKI","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalp M, Gottschalk CH. Mystery case: Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology 2014;83:e187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001021.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0320","first-page":"854","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with visual blurring, diplopia and visual loss: Heidenhain\u2019s variant","volume":"27","author":"Lee","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leitritz MA, Leo-Kottler B, Batra M, Ostertag K, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Spitzer MS. Cataract as \u201cinitial symptom\u201d of Creutzfeld-Jacob disease. Acta Ophthalmol 2012;90:e489-90. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2011.02341.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2011.02341.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lenk J, Engellandt K, Terai N, Bottesi A, Matthe E. Rapid progressive visual decline and visual field defects in two patients with the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease. J Clin Neurosci Off J Neurosurg Soc Australas 2018;50:135\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.01.053.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.01.053"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0335","first-page":"48","article-title":"Visual symptoms and rapid cognitive decline: Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease","volume":"130","author":"Mahawish","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathews D, Unwin DH. Quantitative cerebral blood flow imaging in a patient with the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Clin Nucl Med 2001;26:770\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003072-200109000-00006.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003072-200109000-00006"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1999.198","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with visual disturbance","volume":"13","author":"McElvanney","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e252","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003357","article-title":"Clinical Reasoning: A 64-year-old man with visual distortions","volume":"87","author":"McGrath","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muniz BC, Makita LS, Ribeiro BN de F, Marchiori E. The Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Radiol Bras 2019;52:199\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0100-3984.2017.0166.","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-3984.2017.0166"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naarden T, Ter Meulen BC, van der Weele SI, Blom JD. Alice in Wonderland Syndrome as a Presenting Manifestation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. Front Neurol 2019;10:473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2019.00473.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00473"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000228224.35678.60","article-title":"The MM2-cortical form of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with visual disturbance","volume":"67","author":"Nozaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12604","article-title":"Diagnostic challenge of non-specific visual symptoms: consideration of Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Ntantos, Aggelopoulos, Kazis, Dagklis and Bostantjopoulou","volume":"101","author":"Ntantos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2019.02.001","article-title":"The dark side of the (half) moon","volume":"65","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Survey of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e3181e2aef7","article-title":"MRI and Positron Emission Tomography Findings in Heidenhain Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease:","volume":"30","author":"Prasad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0385","first-page":"242","article-title":"Palinopsia as a presenting manifestation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"9","author":"Purvin","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Neuroophthalmol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.09.020","article-title":"A Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: forensic implication","volume":"146","author":"Rizzo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sakuma T, Watanabe S, Ouchi A, Sakanishi Y, Mizota A, Ebihara N. Three Cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease with Visual Disturbances as Initial Manifestation. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2019;10:349\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000503274.","DOI":"10.1159\/000503274"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsuji Y, Kanamori H, Murakami G, Yokode M, Mezaki T, Doh-ura K, et al. Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: diffusion-weighted MRI and PET characteristics. J Neuroimaging 2004;14:63\u20136.","DOI":"10.1177\/1051228403258147"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urriola N, Soosapilla K, Herkes G, Nogajski J. Heidenhain variant sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease diagnosed as an autoimmune encephalitis due to a false-positive GAD autoantibody. BMJ Case Rep 2019;12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-229018.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-229018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vachalova I, Gindl V, Heckmann JG. Acute inferior homonymous quandrantanopia in a 71-year-old woman. J Clin Neurosci Off J Neurosurg Soc Australas 2014;21:683\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2013.05.015.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2013.05.015"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71237-1","article-title":"Homonymous Field Defect as the First Manifestation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease","volume":"119","author":"VARGAS","year":"1995","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verma R, Junewar V, Sahu R. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with visual symptoms: a case of the \u201cHeidenhain variant\u201d. BMJ Case Rep 2013;2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2012-008006.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-008006"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.05.006","article-title":"Visual symptoms in the presentation of Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease","volume":"22","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000097","article-title":"Electroencephalographic Changes in Sporadic Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob Disease and Correlation With Clinical Stages: A Retrospective Analysis","volume":"31","author":"Ayyappan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-198601000-00001","article-title":"Early Evolution and Incidence of Electroencephalographic Abnormalities in Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease:","volume":"3","author":"Levy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Au WJ, Gabor AJ, Vijayan N, Markand ON. Periodic lateralized epileptiform complexes (PLEDs) in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology 1980;30:611\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.30.6.611.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.30.6.611"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2818","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23397","article-title":"Myoclonus in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: Polygraphic and video-electroencephalography assessment of 109 patients: Myoclonus in Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease","volume":"25","author":"Binelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160075","article-title":"Imaging of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: Imaging Patterns and Their Differential Diagnosis","volume":"37","author":"Fragoso","year":"2017","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410310103","article-title":"Occipital lobe epilepsy: Clinical characteristics, seizure spread patterns, and results of surgery","volume":"31","author":"Williamson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(02)00198-0","article-title":"Visual and motor cortex excitability: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study","volume":"113","author":"Boroojerdi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(03)00228-4","article-title":"Evaluation of cortical excitability by motor and phosphene thresholds in transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"215","author":"Gerwig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S096758682031554X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S096758682031554X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T21:27:58Z","timestamp":1760822878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S096758682031554X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":93,"alternative-id":["S096758682031554X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-5868","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"How common are seizures in the heidenhain variant of creutzfeldt-jakob disease? A case report and systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.10.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}