{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T09:27:51Z","timestamp":1793179671516,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jocn-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,9]],"date-time":"2021-05-09T12:04:55Z","timestamp":1620561895000},"page":"71-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Pitfalls in the diagnosis of subdural hemorrhage \u2013 Mimics and uncommon causes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Ritu","family":"Bordia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siavash","family":"Behbahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.26si055174","article-title":"Imaging of cerebral venous thrombosis: current techniques, spectrum of findings, and diagnostic pitfalls","volume":"26","author":"Leach","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.162.3.3809494","article-title":"The empty delta sign: frequency and significance in 76 cases of dural sinus thrombosis","volume":"162","author":"Virapongse","year":"1987","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1451","article-title":"Noncontrast CT in deep cerebral venous thrombosis and sinus thrombosis: comparison of its diagnostic value for both entities","volume":"30","author":"Linn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10091565","article-title":"Prevalence of traumatic dural venous sinus thrombosis in high-risk acute blunt head trauma patients evaluated with multidetector CT venography","volume":"255","author":"Delgado Almandoz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W503","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5977","article-title":"Cerebral venous thrombosis: a potential mimic of primary traumatic brain injury in infants","volume":"197","author":"Krasnokutsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.342130075","article-title":"From the radiologic pathology archives mass lesions of the dura: beyond menin-gioma-radiologic-pathologic correlation","volume":"34","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000218284.23872.eb","article-title":"Primary dural lymphomas: a clinicopathologic study of treatment and outcome in eight patients","volume":"66","author":"Iwamoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0040","unstructured":"Gean A, Le TH, Mutch C. Craniofacial trauma. In: Klein JS, Brant WE, Vinson EN, Helms C, ed. Brant and Helms\u2019 fundamentals of diagnostic radiology. Fifth ed. Wolters Kluwer; 2018."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2393050823","article-title":"Intracranial cysts: radiologic-pathologic correlation and imaging approach","volume":"239","author":"Osborn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2008.43.1.54","article-title":"Case Report wwwjknsorkr. Arachnoid cyst with spontaneous intracystic hemorrhage and chronic subdural hematoma","volume":"43","author":"Hong","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0055","unstructured":"Yildiz H, Erdogan C, Yalcin R, et al. Evaluation of communication between intracranial arachnoid cysts and cisterns with phase-contrast cine MR imaging."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bond KM, Benson JC, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Kim DK, Diehn FE, Carr CM. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: atypical radiologic appearances, imaging mimickers, and clinical look-alikes. Published online 2020. doi:10.3174\/ajnr.A6637.","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6637"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fobben1 ES, Grossman RI, Atlas SW, et al. MR characteristics of subdural hematomas and hygromas at 1.5T.; 1989. Accessed November 23, 2020. www.ajronline.org.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.153.3.589"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2015140317","article-title":"Bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections of the central nervous system: Radiologic-pathologic correlation and historical perspectives","volume":"35","author":"Shih","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.10.JNS142172","article-title":"Enhancing subdural effusions mimicking acute subdural hematomas following angiography and endovascular procedures: report of 2 cases","volume":"123","author":"Zamora","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jain A, Payabvash S. A case of post angiography subdural collection contrast enhancement: time course of attenuation reduction. Published online 2019. doi:10.1016\/j.radcr.2018.12.013.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2018.12.013"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e3181c6e704","article-title":"Large subdural effusions after angiography mimicking acute subdural hematoma","volume":"34","author":"Rennert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bodanapally XUK, Dreizin XD, Issa XG, Archer-Arroyo XKL, Sudini XK, Fleiter XTR. Dual-energy CT in enhancing subdural effusions that masquerade as subdural hematomas: diagnosis with virtual high-monochromatic (190-keV) images. doi:10.3174\/ajnr.A5318.","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5318"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hwang SW, Abozed MM, Antoniou AJ, Malek AM, Heilman CB. Postoperative temporalis muscle atrophy and the use of electrocautery: a volumetric MRI comparison. doi:10.1055\/s-0030-1249574.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1249574"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0100","series-title":"Osborn\u2019s brain: imaging, pathology, and anatomy","article-title":"Venous anatomy and occlusions","author":"Osborn","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.272065155","article-title":"From the archives of the AFIP: patterns of contrast enhancement in the brain and meninges","volume":"27","author":"Smirniotopoulos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2504","article-title":"Cerebral venous sinus density on noncontrast CT correlates with hematocrit","volume":"32","author":"Black","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0115","series-title":"Osborn\u2019s brain: imaging, pathology, and anatomy","article-title":"Nontraumatic hemorrhage and vascular lesions","author":"Osborn","year":"2018"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.246045065","article-title":"Artifacts in CT: recognition and avoidance","volume":"24","author":"Barrett","year":"2004","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2019180084","article-title":"Pediatric central nervous system imaging of nonaccidental trauma: beyond subdural hematomas","volume":"39","author":"Gunda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-014-3061-6","article-title":"Distinguishing accidental from inflicted head trauma at autopsy","volume":"44","author":"Case","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e206424","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.6424","article-title":"Association of ischemic stroke, major bleeding, and other adverse events with warfarin use vs non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant use in patients with atrial fibrillation with a history of intracranial hemorrhage","volume":"3","author":"Tsai","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0140","series-title":"Neuroradiology: the requisites","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0145","unstructured":"Nanda A. Complications in neurosurgery. 1st ed. Elsevier."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.113651","article-title":"Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis complicated by subdural hematomas: case series and literature review","volume":"4","author":"Akins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-004-8098-1","article-title":"Dural metastases","volume":"75","author":"Laigle-Donadey","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2014.04.026","article-title":"Acute spontaneous subdural hematoma in a middle-aged adult: case report and review of the literature","volume":"47","author":"Coombs","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0165","first-page":"1006","article-title":"Bilateral tentorial subdural hematoma without subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"25","author":"Krishnaney","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s002340050049","article-title":"Intracranial haemorrhage following lumbar myelography: case report and review of the literature","volume":"42","author":"Suess","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010070098","article-title":"Cocaine-related acute subdural hematoma: an emergent cause of cerebrovascular accident","volume":"142","author":"Alves","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1995.tb08358.x","article-title":"Unexpected high incidence of intracranial subdural haematoma during intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia with a monoblastic component","volume":"89","author":"Jourdan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shabani S, Nguyen HS, Doan N, Baisden JL. Case report and review of literature of delayed acute subdural hematoma. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.08.075.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.08.075"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586821000795?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586821000795?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T21:26:03Z","timestamp":1760822763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967586821000795"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S0967586821000795"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-5868","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pitfalls in the diagnosis of subdural hemorrhage \u2013 Mimics and uncommon causes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.02.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}