{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T05:45:08Z","timestamp":1791006308300,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","jocn-journal.com","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T23:15:06Z","timestamp":1738278906000},"page":"111092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluating the brain injury guidelines (BIG) in an Australian trauma centre: A retrospective cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"William","family":"Chelepy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rumal","family":"Jayalath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1089\/neur.2022.0002","article-title":"AUS-TBI: the australian health informatics approach to predict outcomes and monitor intervention efficacy after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"3","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurotrauma Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-075049","article-title":"Global, regional and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"13","author":"Guan","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0015","unstructured":"Helps YLM, Henley G, Harrison JE, Australian Institute of H, Welfare, Flinders University of South Australia. Research Centre for Injury S. Hospital separations due to traumatic brain injury, Australia 2004-05. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2008."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0020","unstructured":"Economics A. The economic cost of spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury in Australia. Report by Access Economics for the Victorian Neurotrauma Initiative Canberra: Access Economics. 2009;31."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003554","article-title":"Validating the brain injury guidelines: results of an American Association for the Surgery of Trauma prospective multi-institutional trial","volume":"93","author":"Joseph","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000096712.90133.5C","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of serial computed tomographic scanning in severe closed head injury patients","volume":"55","author":"Figg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Trauma Injury Infect Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000114304.56006.D4","article-title":"Routinely repeated computed tomography after blunt head trauma: does it benefit patients?","volume":"56","author":"Kaups","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2003.12.015","article-title":"Value of repeat cranial computed axial tomography scanning in patients with minimal head injury","volume":"187","author":"Sifri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000149492.92558.03","article-title":"Does routine serial computed tomography of the head influence management of traumatic brain injury? A prospective evaluation","volume":"57","author":"Brown","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Trauma Injury Infect Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000203546.14824.0d","article-title":"Routine repeat head CT for minimal head injury is unnecessary","volume":"60","author":"Velmahos","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199312000-00043","article-title":"Selective neurosurgical consultation for trauma","volume":"35","author":"Rhodes","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480607201204","article-title":"Utility of neurosurgical consultation for mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"72","author":"Huynh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Surgeon\u2122"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31829215cf","article-title":"Patients with traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage are at low risk for deterioration or neurosurgical intervention","volume":"74","author":"Borczuk","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000161","article-title":"The BIG (brain injury guidelines) project: defining the management of traumatic brain injury by acute care surgeons","volume":"76","author":"Joseph","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000428","article-title":"Prospective validation of the brain injury guidelines: managing traumatic brain injury without neurosurgical consultation","volume":"77","author":"Joseph","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2022.07.020","article-title":"BIG kids: application of a modified brain injury guideline in a pediatric trauma center","volume":"58","author":"McNickle","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001767","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of brain injury guidelines at a Level III trauma center","volume":"84","author":"Martin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003772","article-title":"The impact of low-dose aspirin in the Brain Injury Guidelines on outcomes in traumatic brain injury: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"94","author":"Webb","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001611","article-title":"Big for small: Validating brain injury guidelines in pediatric traumatic brain injury","volume":"83","author":"Azim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.10.028","article-title":"Implementation of a traumatic brain injury guideline at a department of defense level 1 trauma center","volume":"272","author":"Vitale","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3511","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348231161676","article-title":"Validation of brain injury guidelines in the elderly trauma patient presenting at a level two trauma center","volume":"89","author":"Wasfie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2020.05.042","article-title":"Applying pediatric brain injury guidelines at a level I adult\/pediatric safety-net trauma center","volume":"255","author":"Schwartz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0115","first-page":"294","article-title":"Step up to the brain injury guidelines league: adoption of brain injury guidelines at a level III trauma center, A pilot study","volume":"24","author":"Gribbell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trauma (London, England)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.6.JNS19584","article-title":"External retrospective validation of Brain Injury Guidelines criteria and modified guidelines for improved care value in the management of patients with low-risk neurotrauma","volume":"133","author":"Ross","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2017.09.002","article-title":"Not every trauma patient with a radiographic head injury requires transfer for neurosurgical evaluation: Application of the brain injury guidelines to patients transferred to a level 1 trauma center","volume":"214","author":"Capron","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.12408","article-title":"Rural\u2013urban variation in injury\u2010related hospitalisation, health outcomes and treatment cost in New South Wales","volume":"26","author":"Mitchell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aust J Rural Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.12823","article-title":"Quality of life, community integration, service needs and clinical outcomes of people with traumatic brain injury in urban, regional and remote areas of Queensland, Australia","volume":"30","author":"Hennessy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aust J Rural Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000371","article-title":"Missing voices: profile, extent, and 12-month outcomes of nonfatal traumatic brain injury in aboriginal and non-aboriginal adults in western Australia using linked administrative records","volume":"33","author":"Katzenellenbogen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01793.x","article-title":"Hospitalisation for head injury due to assault among Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, July 1999\u2009\u2013 June 2005","volume":"188","author":"Jamieson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-019-0813-x","article-title":"Indigenous traumatic brain injury research: responding to recruitment challenges in the hospital environment","volume":"19","author":"Fitts","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Method"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2802","article-title":"Intracranial pressure monitoring in severe traumatic brain injury: results from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program","volume":"30","author":"Alali","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.06.025","article-title":"Statewide trends in intracranial pressure monitor use in 36,915 patients with severe traumatic brain injury in a mature trauma system over the past 18 years","volume":"130","author":"Mouchtouris","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061996","article-title":"Optimal timing of external ventricular drainage after severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Chau","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.09.113","article-title":"Disparities in decompressive cranial surgery utilization in severe traumatic brain injury patients without a primary extra-axial hematoma: A U.S. Nationwide study","volume":"169","author":"Reilly","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200208000-00033","article-title":"Management of severe head injury: institutional variations in care and effect on outcome","volume":"30","author":"Bulger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00138-1","article-title":"Intracranial pressure monitoring in patients with acute brain injury in the intensive care unit (SYNAPSE-ICU): an international, prospective observational cohort study","volume":"20","author":"Robba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E26","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000160","article-title":"Comparing the injury profile, service use, outcomes, and comorbidities of people with severe TBI across urban, regional, and remote populations in new south wales: a multicentre study","volume":"31","author":"Simpson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.04.033","article-title":"Characteristics, management and outcomes of patients with severe traumatic brain injury in Victoria, Australia compared to United Kingdom and Europe: a comparison between two harmonised prospective cohort studies","volume":"52","author":"Wiegers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2020-000483","article-title":"Multicenter assessment of the Brain Injury Guidelines and a proposal of guideline modifications","volume":"5","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003633","article-title":"A multicenter validation of the modified brain injury guidelines: are they safe and effective?","volume":"93","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003722","article-title":"Letter to editor re: a multicenter validation of the modified brain injury guidelines: are they safe and effective?","volume":"93","author":"Joseph","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.3171\/2021.10.JNS211794","article-title":"External validation of the updated Brain Injury Guidelines for complicated mild traumatic brain injuries: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"137","author":"Tourigny","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2022.107313","article-title":"The unmet global burden of cranial epidural hematomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"219","author":"Rahimi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586825000645?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586825000645?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T06:36:03Z","timestamp":1744353363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967586825000645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0967586825000645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-5868","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluating the brain injury guidelines (BIG) in an Australian trauma centre: A retrospective cohort analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111092","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111092"}}