{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T02:22:38Z","timestamp":1785032558096,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jocn-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T11:35:56Z","timestamp":1739014556000},"page":"111098","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Investigation of blood carnitine levels in hydrocephalus patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8911-7763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebru","family":"Temiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismail","family":"Koyuncu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Tiken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadir","family":"Egi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukru","family":"Akmese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulyara","family":"Cigdem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huseyin","family":"Taskiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Enes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpsur.2011.12.010","article-title":"Hydrocephalus","volume":"30","author":"Corns","year":"2012","journal-title":"Surgery (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-021-05157-0","article-title":"Insights into the epidemiology of infant hydrocephalus","volume":"37","author":"Tamber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2014.06.002","article-title":"Infantile hydrocephalus: a review of epidemiology, classification and causes","volume":"57","author":"Tully","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0321-y","article-title":"Inflammation in acquired hydrocephalus: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets","volume":"16","author":"Karimy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60694-8","article-title":"Hydrocephalus in children","volume":"387","author":"Kahle","year":"2016","journal-title":"The lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-011-1542-6","article-title":"Classification of hydrocephalus: critical analysis of classification categories and advantages of multi-categorical hydrocephalus classification","volume":"27","author":"Oi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00944-9","article-title":"Serum metabolomics analysis reveals a distinct metabolic profile of patients with primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"7","author":"Hao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1712-y","article-title":"Metabolomic alterations associated with Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3251","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24183251","article-title":"Carnitine inborn errors of metabolism","volume":"24","author":"Almannai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17528","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17797-x","article-title":"Plasma acylcarnitine concentrations reflect the acylcarnitine profile in cardiac tissues","volume":"7","author":"Makrecka-Kuka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.3428","article-title":"The inclusion of succinylacetone as marker for tyrosinemia type I in expanded newborn screening programs","volume":"22","author":"la Marca","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry: An International Journal Devoted to the Rapid Dissemination of Up\u2010to\u2010the\u2010Minute Research in Mass Spectrometry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0060","first-page":"5","article-title":"Carnitine analysis in pterygium","volume":"83","author":"Saglik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arq Bras Oftalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0065","article-title":"Comparison of sperm carnitine profiles of normospermic, oligospermic and azospermic individuals","volume":"27","author":"Arslan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4021-6","article-title":"LC-MS-based serum metabolomics reveals a distinctive signature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"37","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330 -","DOI":"10.1590\/s1806-37562017000000330","article-title":"Understanding diagnostic tests. Part 1","volume":"43","author":"Ferreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bras Pneumol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0080","first-page":"185","article-title":"New concepts in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus","volume":"3","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Translational Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-016-1887-z","article-title":"Longitudinal metabolite profiling of cerebrospinal fluid in normal pressure hydrocephalus links brain metabolism with exercise-induced VEGF production and clinical outcome","volume":"41","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i1.110","article-title":"Changes of plasma fasting carnitine ester profile in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"12","author":"Bene","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol: WJG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-020-01190-6","article-title":"Blood carnitine profiling on tandem mass spectrometry in liver cirrhotic patients","volume":"20","author":"Miyaaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-023-04000-z","article-title":"L-carnitine and acetyl-L carnitine: a possibility for treating alterations induced by obesity in the central nervous system","volume":"48","author":"da Silva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0105","unstructured":"Dambrova M, Liepinsh E. Acylcarnitines in health and disease: biomarkers and drug targets."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo11010051","article-title":"L-carnitine and acylcarnitines: mitochondrial biomarkers for precision medicine","volume":"11","author":"McCann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-017-2288-7","article-title":"L-Carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine roles and neuroprotection in developing brain","volume":"42","author":"Ferreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16081232","article-title":"L-carnitine in the treatment of psychiatric and neurological manifestations: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612826666200212114038","article-title":"Potential therapeutic role of carnitine and acetylcarnitine in neurological disorders","volume":"26","author":"Maldonado","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0130","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders","author":"Klemmensen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7328","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06767-y","article-title":"Decreased long-chain acylcarnitines from insufficient \u03b2-oxidation as potential early diagnostic markers for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Saiki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0140","first-page":"30","article-title":"The association of serum carnitine levels with severity of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Harirchian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Current Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3859","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-018-1059-x","article-title":"Metabolomic study of human tissue and urine in clear cell renal carcinoma by LC-HRMS and PLS-DA","volume":"410","author":"Nizio\u0142","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"issue":"1038\u201356","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0150","first-page":"e8","article-title":"Pyruvate-supported flux through medium-chain ketothiolase promotes mitochondrial lipid tolerance in cardiac and skeletal muscles","volume":"35","author":"Koves","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25010182","article-title":"Carnitine in human muscle bioenergetics: can carnitine supplementation improve physical exercise?","volume":"25","author":"Gnoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2007.03.012","article-title":"Acetyl L-carnitine (ALC) treatment in elderly patients with fatigue","volume":"46","author":"Malaguarnera","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-02068-4","article-title":"Does L-carnitine supplementation affect serum levels of enzymes mainly produced by liver? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials","volume":"59","author":"Pirmadah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2019.1661804","article-title":"The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"39","author":"Yarizadh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-023-01058-1","article-title":"The association and prediction value of acylcarnitine on diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082459","article-title":"Serum levels of acylcarnitines are altered in prediabetic conditions","volume":"8","author":"Mai","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24352","article-title":"Screening of potential biomarkers for Yin\u2010deficiency\u2010heat syndrome based on UHPLC\u2013MS method and the mechanism of Zhibai Dihuang granule therapeutic effect","volume":"303","author":"Yi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2011.05.003","article-title":"Neonatal carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency associated with Dandy-Walker syndrome and sudden death","volume":"104","author":"Yahyaoui","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.2174\/1386207323666201019151530","article-title":"Evaluation of plasma free amino acid and carnitine levels in patients with cesarean scar pregnancy","volume":"24","author":"Tammo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comb Chem High Throughput Screen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098_b0200","first-page":"131","article-title":"Plasma free amino acid and carnitine levels in pregnant women with hydatidiform mole: a case-controlled study","volume":"21","author":"Uyanikoglu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Harran University Faculty of Medicine"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586825000700?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586825000700?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T12:54:35Z","timestamp":1762347275000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967586825000700"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0967586825000700"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-5868","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Investigation of blood carnitine levels in hydrocephalus patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111098","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111098"}}