{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T20:30:33Z","timestamp":1780432233894,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82274637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82274637"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jocn-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T08:45:27Z","timestamp":1752914727000},"page":"111508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Development of a nomogram model for predicting incomplete clinical improvement after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Tusheng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangnan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhili","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-024-08255-0","article-title":"Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of residual low back pain after tubular microdiskectomy of lumbar disk herniation","volume":"33","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-04093-w","article-title":"Combination of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy and platelet-rich plasma hydrogel injection for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568218770769","article-title":"Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease: estimating Global Incidence and Worldwide volume","volume":"8","author":"Ravindra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000696","article-title":"Lumbar disk Herniation and SPORT: a Review of the Literature","volume":"31","author":"Ilyas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0025","first-page":"49","article-title":"Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy: Indications and Complications","volume":"23","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-04283-w","article-title":"Endoscopic spine discectomy: indications and outcomes","volume":"43","author":"Ahn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-024-08141-9","article-title":"Predicting and analysing of the unfavourable outcomes of early applicated percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation: development and validation based nomogram","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-009-0204-x","article-title":"Transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for upper lumbar disc herniation: clinical outcome, prognostic factors, and technical consideration","volume":"151","author":"Ahn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-73366-z","article-title":"Prognostic factors for patient-reported satisfaction after percutaneous lumbar endoscopic discectomy at a minimum of two years' follow-up","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2835","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-023-05935-2","article-title":"Comparative analysis of patient-reported outcomes after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy between transforaminal and interlaminar approach: a minimum two year follow-up","volume":"47","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07636-1","article-title":"Factors associated with incomplete clinical improvement in patients undergoing transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation","volume":"32","author":"Jitpakdee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2007.11.006","article-title":"Minimum clinically important difference in lumbar spine surgery patients: a choice of methods using the Oswestry Disability Index, Medical Outcomes Study questionnaire short form 36, and pain scales","volume":"8","author":"Copay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Claus CF, Lawless M, Lytle E, Tong D, Bahoura M, Garmo L, Gabrail J, Bono P, Kelkar P, Richards B, Carr DA, Houseman C, Soo TM (2021) The Effect of Morbid Obesity on Complications, Readmission, and Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: An Inverse Propensity Score Weighted Analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 46(20): 1394-1401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004059.","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004059"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim KT, Park SW, Kim YB (2009) Disc height and segmental motion as risk factors for recurrent lumbar disc herniation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34(24): 2674-2678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b4aaac.","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b4aaac"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S287976","article-title":"Risk Factors for Recurrent L4-5 Disc Herniation after Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy: a Retrospective Analysis of 654 cases","volume":"13","author":"Kong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Risk Manag Healthc Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noren R, Trafimow J, Andersson GB, Huckman MS (1991) The role of facet joint tropism and facet angle in disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 16(5): 530-532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-199105000-00008.","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199105000-00008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, Hodler J, Boos N (2001) Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 26(17): 1873-1878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-200109010-00011.","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200109010-00011"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.166.1.3336678","article-title":"Degenerative disk disease: assessment of changes in vertebral body marrow with MR imaging","volume":"166","author":"Modic","year":"1988","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1053\/crad.1999.0340","article-title":"Correlation between the MRI changes in the lumbar multifidus muscles and leg pain","volume":"55","author":"Kader","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s002560050503","article-title":"MR imaging and CT in osteoarthritis of the lumbar facet joints","volume":"28","author":"Weishaupt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-024-00633-2","article-title":"Association of Abdominal Aortic Calcification and Clinical Outcomes in LDH patients Treated with Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"issue":"773","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-65-773-361","article-title":"High-intensity zone: a diagnostic sign of painful lumbar disc on magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"65","author":"Aprill","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-022-07116-y","article-title":"Overweight and smoking promote recurrent lumbar disk herniation after discectomy","volume":"31","author":"Siccoli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.02.021","article-title":"Obesity increases the risk of recurrent herniated nucleus pulposus after lumbar microdiscectomy","volume":"10","author":"Meredith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu007","article-title":"Obesity as a risk factor for sciatica: a meta-analysis","volume":"179","author":"Shiri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000027559","article-title":"Does discectomy improve low back pain as well as radiating pain in patients with lumbar herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD)?","volume":"101","author":"Ko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3331","DOI":"10.3390\/ma3053331","article-title":"Use of Temporary Implantable Biomaterials to Reduce Leg Pain and Back Pain in patients with Sciatica and Lumbar Disc Herniation","volume":"3","author":"DiZerega","year":"2010","journal-title":"Materials"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13551","article-title":"Inflammatory biomarkers of low back pain and disc degeneration: a review","volume":"1410","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-1376-1","article-title":"Correlation between lumbar dysfunction and fat infiltration in lumbar multifidus muscles in patients with low back pain","volume":"18","author":"Hildebrandt","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2346054.027","article-title":"Moderate to Severe Multifidus Fatty Atrophy is the risk factor for Recurrence after Microdiscectomy of Lumbar Disc Herniation","volume":"20","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01311","article-title":"Architectural analysis and intraoperative measurements demonstrate the unique design of the multifidus muscle for lumbar spine stability","volume":"91","author":"Ward","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.09.042","article-title":"Passive mechanical properties of the lumbar multifidus muscle support its role as a stabilizer","volume":"42","author":"Ward","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0165","article-title":"The Role of Multifidus in the Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine: a Musculoskeletal Modeling Study","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioengineering (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-02087-6","article-title":"Clinical outcome of biportal endoscopic revisional lumbar discectomy for recurrent lumbar disc herniation","volume":"15","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-017-9450-3","article-title":"Treatment for Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation","volume":"10","author":"Hlubek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e796","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-18-00366","article-title":"Patients Undergoing Revision Microdiskectomy for Recurrent Lumbar disk Herniation Experience worse Clinical Outcomes and more Revision Surgeries Compared with patients Undergoing a Primary Microdiskectomy","volume":"27","author":"Nolte","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2346226.113","article-title":"Complications and Management of Endoscopic Spinal Surgery","volume":"20","author":"Ju","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2016.01.034","article-title":"Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for recurrent lumbar disc herniation","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23062973","article-title":"A High Body Mass Index and the Vacuum Phenomenon Upregulate Pain-Related Molecules in Human Degenerated Intervertebral Discs","volume":"23","author":"Miyagi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-024-08174-0","article-title":"Intradiscal vacuum phenomenon matches lumbar spine degeneration patterns in an ageing population","volume":"33","author":"Cawley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586825004813?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586825004813?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:36:26Z","timestamp":1760139386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967586825004813"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0967586825004813"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-5868","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Development of a nomogram model for predicting incomplete clinical improvement after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111508","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111508"}}