{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T15:25:24Z","timestamp":1793805924470,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jocn-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T15:18:08Z","timestamp":1783178288000},"page":"112178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Association of smoking with high-risk characteristics for rupture of unruptured intracranial aneurysms"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Leonardo F.","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura T.","family":"van der Kamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten J.","family":"Kamphuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazli","family":"Paltun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oluwadamilola","family":"Akanji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin E.","family":"Lucia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Kilin\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene C.","family":"van der Schaaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Czabanka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nima","family":"Etminan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel J.E.","family":"Rinkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mervyn D.I.","family":"Vergouwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70109-0","article-title":"Prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms, with emphasis on sex, age, comorbidity, country, and time period: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Vlak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.566018","article-title":"Ten-year detection rate of brain arteriovenous malformations in a large, multiethnic, defined population","volume":"41","author":"Gabriel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"10355","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00938-2","article-title":"Spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage","volume":"400","author":"Claassen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.2.485","article-title":"Factors affecting formation and growth of intracranial aneurysms: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"32","author":"Juvela","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.012162","article-title":"Patient- and aneuryssm-specific risk factors for intracranial aneurysm growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Backes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.005318","article-title":"Lifelong rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms depends on risk factors: a prospective Finnish cohort study","volume":"45","author":"Korja","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70263-1","article-title":"Development of the PHASES score for prediction of risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a pooled analysis of six prospective cohort studies","volume":"13","author":"Greving","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.001838","article-title":"Natural history of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"44","author":"Juvela","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.585059","article-title":"Small unruptured intracranial aneurysm verification study: SUAVe study","volume":"41","author":"Sonobe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Japan Stroke"},{"issue":"9596","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"370","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8536471","article-title":"Diagnostic value of low-dose 256-slice spiral CT angiography, MR angiography, and 3D-DSA in cerebral aneurysms","volume":"2020","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.012404","article-title":"Irregular shape of intracranial aneurysm indicates rupture risk irrespective of size in a population-based cohort","volume":"47","author":"Lindgren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0065","unstructured":"R Core Team, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. 2025, R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0070","first-page":"1","article-title":"mice: Multivariate imputation by chained equations in R","volume":"45","author":"van Buuren","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2025.108924","article-title":"Impact of lifetime and current smoking exposure on the rupture status, number, and size of intracranial aneurysms","volume":"254","author":"Jabbarli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000735","article-title":"Smoking and Intracranial aneurysm morphology","volume":"77","author":"Ho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.11.094","article-title":"Smoking associated with increased aneurysm size in patients with anterior communicating artery aneurysms","volume":"87","author":"Xia","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.4.FOCUS19130","article-title":"Association of single and multiple aneurysms with tobacco abuse: an @neurIST risk analysis","volume":"47","author":"Schatlo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2020.1817849","article-title":"Multiple and mirror intracranial aneurysms: study of prevalence and associated risk factors","volume":"35","author":"Rosi Junior","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2020-016274","article-title":"Blebs in intracranial aneurysms: prevalence and general characteristics","volume":"13","author":"Salimi Ashkezari","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntad130","article-title":"Effect of the nicotine replacement therapy on biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and lipids in smokers who quit smoking","volume":"25","author":"Colsoul","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/271582","article-title":"Cigarette smoke and inflammation: role in cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture","volume":"2012","author":"Chalouhi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12040509","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm","volume":"12","author":"DeRoo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i58","DOI":"10.1136\/jnis.2009.002055.rep","article-title":"Inflammatory changes in the aneurysm wall: a review","volume":"10","author":"Tulamo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.4.JNS18687","article-title":"Growth and rupture of unruptured intracranial aneurysms","volume":"131","author":"Juvela","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586826003292?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586826003292?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T14:26:42Z","timestamp":1793802402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967586826003292"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["S0967586826003292"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-5868","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association of smoking with high-risk characteristics for rupture of unruptured intracranial aneurysms","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.112178","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112178"}}