{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T19:49:05Z","timestamp":1789501745555,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RO1MH069874"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1MH069874"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01MH070802"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH070802"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources, NIH","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UL1 RR024139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 RR024139"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Tourette Syndrome Association"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,11]],"date-time":"2014-06-11T23:25:46Z","timestamp":1402529146000},"page":"394-400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":141,"title":["The prevalence of tic disorders and clinical characteristics in children"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Lawrence","family":"Scahill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Specht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib1","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820210068008","article-title":"An epidemiological study of Gilles de la Tourette\u2019s syndrome in Israel","volume":"50","author":"Apter","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073812465121","article-title":"Health care needs of children with Tourette syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Bitsko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Child Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.160.1.65","article-title":"Adulthood outcome of tic and obsessive\u2013compulsive symptom severity in children with Tourette syndrome","volume":"160","author":"Bloch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib5","first-page":"581","article-title":"Prevalence of diagnosed Tourette syndrome in persons aged 6-17 years \u2013 United States, 2007","volume":"58","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2011.03.003","article-title":"Prevalence of tics in school children in central Spain: a population-based study","volume":"45","author":"Cubo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatric Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00820.x","article-title":"Tic and psychiatric comorbidity and adolescents","volume":"44","author":"Gadow","year":"2002","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000252807.38124.a3","article-title":"How common are the \u201ccommon\u201d neurologic disorders?","volume":"68","author":"Hirtz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00802","article-title":"The prevalence of Tourette syndrome in 13-14 year olds in mainstream schools","volume":"42","author":"Hornsey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-005-2953-z","article-title":"Epidemiological survey of Tourette syndrome in children and adolescents in Wenzhou of P.R China","volume":"20","author":"Jin","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Journal Epidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200005000-00007","article-title":"Tourette\u2019s Disorder: epidemiology and comorbidity in primary school children","volume":"39","author":"Kadesjo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2003.tb00402.x","article-title":"Prevalence of tic disorders and Tourette syndrome in a Swedish school population","volume":"45","author":"Khalifa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000251210.98749.83","article-title":"Psychopathology in a Swedish population of school children with tic disorders","volume":"45","author":"Khalifa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-011-0223-z","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical correlates of tic disorders in a community sample of school-age children","volume":"21","author":"Kraft","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.3.414","article-title":"The behavioral spectrum of tic disorders: a community-based study","volume":"59","author":"Kurlan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.8.1383","article-title":"Prevalence of tics in schoolchildren and association with placement in special education","volume":"57","author":"Kurlan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib17","first-page":"45","article-title":"Prevalence of tic disorders among primary school students in the city of Pavia, Italy","volume":"89","author":"Lanzi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"issue":"9345","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11526-1","article-title":"Tourette\u2019s syndrome","volume":"360","author":"Leckman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21117","article-title":"Prevalence of tic disorders in two schools in the Basque country: results and methodological caveats","volume":"21","author":"Linazasoro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Movement Disorder"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073808316370","article-title":"Validation of the presence of comorbidities in a Danish clinical cohort of children with Tourette Syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Mol Debes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Child Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib21","first-page":"685","article-title":"Prospective, longitudinal study of tic, obsessive\u2013compulsive, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders in an epidemiological sample","volume":"40","author":"Peterson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2008.03.006","article-title":"The prevalence and epidemiology of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome","volume":"65","author":"Robertson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S24","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-007-1004-6","article-title":"Tourette Syndrome International Database Consortium. Developmental psychopathology of children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome \u2013 impact of ADHD","volume":"16","author":"Roessner","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib24","first-page":"240","article-title":"Public health significance of tic disorders in children and adolescents","volume":"96","author":"Scahill","year":"2005","journal-title":"Advances in Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib25","first-page":"184","article-title":"Disruptive behavior problems in a community sample of children with tic disorders","volume":"99","author":"Scahill","year":"2006","journal-title":"Advances in Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.2.331","article-title":"Tics and problem behaviors in schoolchildren: prevalence, characterization, and associations","volume":"110","author":"Snider","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s10882-010-9223-z","article-title":"Characteristics of children and adolescents with a primary tic disorder","volume":"23","author":"Specht","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-007-0651-y","article-title":"Prevalence of tic disorders among schoolchildren in Warsaw, Poland","volume":"17","author":"Stefanoff","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib29","first-page":"98","article-title":"Disruptive behavior in children with Tourette\u2019s syndrome: association of ADHD comorbidity, tic severity, and functional impairment","volume":"42","author":"Sukhodolsky","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0387-7604(03)90005-2","article-title":"Tourette\u2019s syndrome in Taiwan: an epidemiological study of tic disorders in an elementary school at Taipei County","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain and Development"}],"container-title":["Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211364914000505?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211364914000505?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T15:32:51Z","timestamp":1761924771000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211364914000505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S2211364914000505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-3649"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-3649","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The prevalence of tic disorders and clinical characteristics in children","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}