{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T17:38:32Z","timestamp":1785001112326,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]],"date-time":"2019-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567641600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":339,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1K23MH111977"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1K23MH111977"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,7]],"date-time":"2018-08-07T13:24:41Z","timestamp":1533648281000},"page":"72-76","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Disgust sensitivity mediates the effects of race on contamination aversion"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jamilah R.","family":"George","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2117-9321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Pittenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Kelmendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M.","family":"Lohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib1","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08020320","article-title":"Meta-analysis of symptom structure of obsessive-compulsive order","volume":"165","author":"Bloch","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-42","article-title":"Reaching the hard-to-reach: A systematic review of strategies for improving health and medical research with socially disadvantaged groups","volume":"14","author":"Bonevski","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.10.46","article-title":"Disgust in contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder: A review and model","volume":"10","author":"Brady","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(95)00035-6","article-title":"Revision of the Padua Inventory of obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms: Distinctions between worry, obsessions, and compulsions","volume":"34","author":"Burns","year":"1996","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2006.09.004","article-title":"Anxiety sensitivity and disgust sensitivity interact to predict contamination fears","volume":"42","author":"Cisler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.03.008","article-title":"Specificity of disgust sensitivity in the prediction of behavioral avoidance in contamination fear","volume":"45","author":"Deacon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behavior, Research, and Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-016-0279-2","article-title":"Needs, priorities, and recommendations for engaging underrepresented populations in clinical research: A community perspective","volume":"42","author":"Erves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Community Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.14.4.485","article-title":"The obsessive-compulsive inventory: Development and validation of a short version","volume":"14","author":"Foa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8869(94)90212-7","article-title":"Individual differences in sensitivity to disgust: A scale sampling seven domains of disgust elicitors","volume":"16","author":"Haidt","year":"1994","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib11","unstructured":"Hayes, A. F. (2012). PROCESS. A versatile computational tool for observed variable mediation, moderation, and conditional process modeling [White paper]. Retrieved from \u3008http:\/\/www.afhaynes.com\/public\/process2012.pdf\u3009."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.60.1.27","article-title":"The meaning of race in psychology and how to change it: A methodological perspective","volume":"60","author":"Helms","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(77)90042-0","article-title":"Obsessional-compulsive complaints","volume":"15","author":"Hodgson","year":"1977","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800360042006","article-title":"The epidemiology of obsessive- compulsive disorder in five communities","volume":"45","author":"Karno","year":"1988","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.2217\/cer.13.11","article-title":"Engaging hard-to-reach patients in patient-centered outcomes research","volume":"2","author":"Kauffman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191111434200","article-title":"Factor structure of the disgust scale-revised in an adolescent sample","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.59.10.877","article-title":"Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in random clinical trials","volume":"59","author":"Kraemer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib18","series-title":"Anxiety disorders in African Americans","first-page":"102","article-title":"The use of DSM in the diagnosis of panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder","author":"Lewis-Hall","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib19","article-title":"Racial disparities in cleanliness attitudes mediate purchasing attitudes toward cleaning products: A serial mediation model","author":"Litman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(00)00215-4","article-title":"The connection between disgust and obsessions and compulsions in a nonclinical sample","volume":"31","author":"Mancini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(99)00263-9","article-title":"Disgust and psychopathological symptoms in a nonclinical sample","volume":"29","author":"Muris","year":"2000","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.12.005","article-title":"The disgust propensity and sensitivity scale-revised: Psychometric properties and specificity in relation to anxiety disorder symptoms","volume":"21","author":"Olatunji","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(03)00102-5","article-title":"Disgust domains in the prediction of contamination aversion","volume":"42","author":"Olatunji","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behavior Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.19.3.281","article-title":"The disgust scale: Item analysis, factor structure, and suggestions for refinement","volume":"19","author":"Olatunji","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-10-95","article-title":"Domains of disgust sensitivity: Revisited factor structure of the questionnaire for the assessment of disgust sensitivity (QADS) in a cross-sectional, representative German study","volume":"10","author":"Petrowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(93)90001-B","article-title":"Obsessive intrusive thoughts in nonclinical subjects. Part I. context and relation with depressive, anxious, and obsessional symptoms","volume":"31","author":"Purdon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2003.10.009","article-title":"Fear of contamination","volume":"42","author":"Rachman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behavior Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.143.3.317","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and family history in DSM-III obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"143","author":"Rasmussen","year":"1986","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib29","series-title":"Handbook of emotions","first-page":"637","article-title":"Disgust","author":"Rozin","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.94","article-title":"The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the national comorbidity survey replication","volume":"15","author":"Ruscio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(88)90116-7","article-title":"Obsessions and compulsions: The Padua inventory","volume":"26","author":"Sanavio","year":"1988","journal-title":"Behavior Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"91","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib32","article-title":"Disgust and contamination: A cross-national comparison of ghana and the United States","volume":"4","author":"Skolnick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib33","unstructured":"The Digital Future\u00a0(2008). The 2008 Digital Future Report: Surveying the Digital Future. Retrieved from \u3008http:\/\/www.digitalcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/2008_digital_future_report-year7.pdf\u3009."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1177\/107319110000700305","article-title":"Psychometric analysis of racial differences on the Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory","volume":"7","author":"Thomas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(03)00058-5","article-title":"The relationship between disgust sensitivity, anxiety, and obsessions","volume":"41","author":"Thorpe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2005.09.003","article-title":"Disgust sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in a nonclinical sample","volume":"37","author":"Tolin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2006.04.021","article-title":"Disgust propensity and disgust sensitivity: Separate constructs that are differentially related to specific fears","volume":"41","author":"van Overveld","year":"2006","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2011.09.003","article-title":"The relationship between contamination cognitions, anxiety, and disgust in two ethnic groups","volume":"43","author":"Williams","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2012.03.004","article-title":"Symptom dimensions in two samples of African Americans with OCD","volume":"1","author":"Williams","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams, M. T., Sawyer, B., & Wetterneck, C. (2015). Assessment of obsessive-compulsive disorder in African Americans. In L. T. Benuto, B. D. Leany\u00a0(Eds.), Guide to Psychological Assessment with African Americans (pp. 145\u2013161). doi: 10.1007\/978-1-4939-1004-5_10.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1004-5_10"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.08.013","article-title":"Identification and explanation of racial differences on contamination measures","volume":"45","author":"Williams","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib42","series-title":"Leading-edge health education issues","first-page":"141","article-title":"The effects of interviewer race on anxiety in African Americans","author":"Williams","year":"2008"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2007.10.009","article-title":"The effects of race and racial priming on self-report of contamination anxiety","volume":"44","author":"Williams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Difference"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191105275620","article-title":"Ethnic identification biases responses to the Padua Inventory for obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"12","author":"Williams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(02)00173-1","article-title":"The relationship between disgust sensitivity and avoidant behavior: Studies of clinical and nonclinical samples","volume":"16","author":"Woody","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"}],"container-title":["Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211364918300411?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211364918300411?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T15:34:02Z","timestamp":1761924842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211364918300411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S2211364918300411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-3649"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-3649","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Disgust sensitivity mediates the effects of race on contamination aversion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.08.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}