{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T11:14:01Z","timestamp":1773832441279,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Endodontics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,22]],"date-time":"2009-09-22T08:14:02Z","timestamp":1253607242000},"page":"1483-1490","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Antibacterial Efficacy of MTAD Final Rinse and Two Percent Chlorhexidine Gel Medication in Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: A Randomized Double-blinded Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Gevik","family":"Malkhassian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aldo J.","family":"Manzur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milos","family":"Legner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward D.","family":"Fillery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheela","family":"Manek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bettina R.","family":"Basrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shimon","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib1","series-title":"Bacteriological studies of necrotic dental pulps","author":"Sundqvist","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2006.01197.x","article-title":"Antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Sathorn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.1997.tb00714.x","article-title":"Influence of infection at the time of root filling on the outcome of endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis","volume":"30","author":"Sj\u00f6gren","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2002.128962","article-title":"Clinical implications of the smear layer in endodontics: a review","volume":"94","author":"Torabinejad","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200303000-00002","article-title":"A new solution for the removal of the smear layer","volume":"29","author":"Torabinejad","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200304000-00001","article-title":"The effect of various concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on the ability of MTAD to remove the smear layer","volume":"29","author":"Torabinejad","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2007.07.006","article-title":"The antimicrobial effect of biopure MTAD on eight strains of Enterococcus faecalis: an in vitro investigation","volume":"33","author":"Newberry","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200307000-00006","article-title":"In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of MTAD and sodium hypochlorite","volume":"29","author":"Shabahang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200309000-00008","article-title":"Effect of MTAD on Enterococcus faecalis-contaminated root canals of extracted human teeth","volume":"29","author":"Shabahang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200306000-00005","article-title":"The antimicrobial effect of MTAD: an in vitro investigation","volume":"29","author":"Torabinejad","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2005.07.002","article-title":"The effect of exposure to irrigant solutions on apical dentin biofilms in vitro","volume":"32","author":"Clegg","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2005.09.001","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms","volume":"32","author":"Dunavant","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2005.11.004","article-title":"A comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of NaOCl\/Biopure MTAD versus NaOCl\/EDTA against Enterococcus faecalis","volume":"32","author":"Kho","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.03.016","article-title":"Reduction in antimicrobial substantivity of MTAD after initial sodium hypochlorite irrigation","volume":"32","author":"Tay","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.08.007","article-title":"Comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of 1.3% NaOCl\/BioPure MTAD to 5.25% NaOCl\/15% EDTA for root canal irrigation","volume":"33","author":"Johal","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.1985.tb00652.x","article-title":"The antibacterial effect of camphorated paramonochlorophenol, camphorated phenol and calcium hydroxide in the treatment of infected root canals","volume":"1","author":"Bystr\u00f6m","year":"1985","journal-title":"Endod Dent Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200012000-00022","article-title":"Reduction of intracanal bacteria using nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation and various medications","volume":"26","author":"Shuping","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.11.023","article-title":"Effects of chemomechanical preparation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide on cultivable bacteria in infected root canals","volume":"33","author":"Siqueira","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.11.003","article-title":"Bacterial quantification in teeth with apical periodontitis related to instrumentation and different intracanal medications: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"33","author":"Manzur","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.1991.tb00863.x","article-title":"Effects of extensive apical reaming and calcium hydroxide dressing on bacterial infection during treatment of apical periodontitis: a pilot study","volume":"24","author":"\u00d8rstavik","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2002.124002","article-title":"Substantive antimicrobial activity in chlorhexidine-treated human root dentin","volume":"94","author":"Basrani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2005.12.017","article-title":"Antibacterial efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate intracanal medication in vivo","volume":"33","author":"Paquette","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib23","series-title":"The effectiveness of chlorhexidine gluconate as an intracanal medication in endodontics: an in vivo microbiological study","author":"Paquette","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.2007.00315.x","article-title":"Bacterial reduction and persistence after endodontic treatment procedures","volume":"22","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oral Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2002.00465.x","article-title":"Vitality status of microorganisms in infected human root dentine","volume":"35","author":"Weiger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-765x.2001.00971.x","article-title":"The ability of direct fluorescence-based, two-colour assays to detect different physiological states of oral streptococci","volume":"33","author":"Decker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib27","article-title":"Microbiological examination of root canals and periapical tissues of human teeth: methodological studies","author":"M\u00f6ller","year":"1966","journal-title":"G\u00f6teborg, Sweden: Akademoforlaget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2002.122346","article-title":"An effective method of inactivating chlorhexidine","volume":"93","author":"Zamany","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib29","first-page":"321","article-title":"Bacteriologic evaluation of the efficacy of mechanical root canal instrumentation in endodontic therapy","volume":"89","author":"Bystr\u00f6m","year":"1981","journal-title":"Scand J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.1999.tb00788.x","article-title":"The diagnostic accuracy of microbiologic root canal sampling and the influence of antimicrobial dressings","volume":"15","author":"Reit","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endod Dent Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.08.011","article-title":"The antimicrobial effect of MTAD, sodium hypochlorite, doxycycline, and citric acid on Enterococcus faecalis","volume":"33","author":"Krause","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1081\/IAS-100104710","article-title":"A fully automated microscope bacterial enumeration system for studies of oral microbial ecology","volume":"22","author":"Singleton","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunoassay Immunochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-1546.2003.00054.x","article-title":"Life as an endodontic pathogen","volume":"6","author":"Sundqvist","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endodontic Topics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2007.04.008","article-title":"Effects of dentin on the antimicrobial properties of endodontic medicaments","volume":"33","author":"Haapasalo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1159\/000260349","article-title":"A comparison of strains of bacteria designated Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii","volume":"12","author":"Fillery","year":"1978","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200102000-00002","article-title":"Viable bacteria in root dentinal tubules of teeth with apical periodontitis","volume":"27","author":"Peters","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2008.08.038","article-title":"Characterization of an ex vivo model for the assessment of root canal disinfection","volume":"34","author":"Villette","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Endod"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099239909006657?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099239909006657?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,16]],"date-time":"2018-12-16T21:23:04Z","timestamp":1544995384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0099239909006657"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0099239909006657"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2009.08.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2399"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2399","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}}}