{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T17:15:20Z","timestamp":1788628520699,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","jendodon.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Endodontics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T00:13:30Z","timestamp":1720484010000},"page":"1543-1550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Impact of Cryotreated and Warm Sodium Hypochlorite on Postoperative Pain in Teeth With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Serena","family":"Lalfakawmi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2834-0608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alpa","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun Kumar","family":"Duraisamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dax","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mrinalini","family":"Mrinalini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjun Prakash","family":"Mane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.4103\/JCD.JCD_408_20","article-title":"Modern endodontic practices among dentists in India: a comparative cross-sectional nation-based survey","volume":"23","author":"Mohanty","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2007.01316.x","article-title":"The prevalence of postoperative pain and flare-up in single- and multiple-visit endodontic treatment: a systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Sathorn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e721","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.17898","article-title":"Postoperative pain after one-visit root-canal treatment on teeth with vital pulps: comparison of three different obturation techniques","volume":"17","author":"Alonso-Ezpeleta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13222","article-title":"Postoperative pain following endodontic irrigation using 1.3% versus 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in mandibular molars with necrotic pulps: a randomized double-blind clinical trial","volume":"53","author":"MEHAA","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib5","first-page":"193","article-title":"Factors associated with postobturation pain following single-visit nonsurgical root canal treatment: a systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Nagendrababu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2004.00820.x","article-title":"Prevalence of and factors affecting post-obturation pain in patients undergoing root canal treatment","volume":"37","author":"Ng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.08.008","article-title":"Effect of occlusal reduction on postoperative pain in teeth with irreversible pulpitis and mild tenderness to percussion","volume":"39","author":"Parirokh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2011.01950.x","article-title":"Effects of three oral analgesics on postoperative pain following root canal preparation: a controlled clinical trial","volume":"45","author":"Mehrvarzfar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2018.07.002","article-title":"Effect of low-level laser therapy on postoperative pain in molars with symptomatic apical periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"44","author":"Do\u011fanay Y\u0131ld\u0131z","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2015.01.007","article-title":"Incidence of postoperative pain after use of calcium hydroxide mixed with normal saline or 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate as intracanal medicament in the treatment of apical periodontitis","volume":"27","author":"Menakaya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saudi Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1097\/01.don.0000152294.35507.35","article-title":"The effect of disruption of apical constriction on periapical extrusion","volume":"31","author":"Tinaz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2011.08.013","article-title":"Irrigation trends among American Association of Endodontists members: a web-based survey","volume":"38","author":"Dutner","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200006000-00006","article-title":"Chemomechanical reduction of the bacterial population in the root canal after instrumentation and irrigation with 1%, 2.5%, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite","volume":"26","author":"Siqueira","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200203000-00009","article-title":"Efficacy of instrumentation techniques and irrigation regimens in reducing the bacterial population within root canals","volume":"28","author":"Siqueira","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib15","first-page":"1422","article-title":"Comparison of the effectiveness of three irrigation techniques in reducing intracanal Enterococcus faecalis populations: an in\u00a0vitro study","volume":"35","author":"Brito","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13290","article-title":"The influence of irrigant activation, concentration and contact time on sodium hypochlorite penetration into root dentine: an ex\u00a0vivo experiment","volume":"53","author":"Virdee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2023.04.007","article-title":"Comparison of dentinal tubular penetration of intracanal heated and preheated sodium hypochlorite through different agitation techniques","volume":"49","author":"Jain","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2020.03.019","article-title":"Cryotherapy: a new paradigm of treatment in endodontics","volume":"46","author":"Fayyad","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.23.1.53","article-title":"The use of cold and superficial heat in the treatment of soft tissue injuries","volume":"23","author":"McLean","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659402200417","article-title":"The effects of ice on blood flow and bone metabolism in knees","volume":"22","author":"Ho","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.40.030178.001245","article-title":"Brainstem control of spinal pain-transmission neurons","volume":"40","author":"Fields","year":"1978","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2004\/7\/395","article-title":"The physiologic basis and clinical applications of cryotherapy and thermotherapy for the pain practitioner","volume":"7","author":"Nadler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182211750","article-title":"Is intracanal cryotherapy effective in reducing postoperative endodontic pain? an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"18","author":"Almohaimede","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03693-8","article-title":"Effect of intracanal cryotherapy application on postoperative endodontic pain: a systematic review and metaanalysis","volume":"25","author":"Monteiro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.4103\/JCD.JCD_65_20","article-title":"Effect of intracanal cryotreated sodium hypochlorite on postoperative pain after root canal treatment - a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"23","author":"Nandakumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2020-0502","article-title":"Effect of final irrigation with sodium hypochlorite at different temperatures on postoperative pain level and antibacterial activity: a randomized controlled clinical study","volume":"29","author":"Karatas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.754","article-title":"The effect of different concentrations and temperatures of sodium hypochlorite irrigation on pain intensity following endodontic treatment of mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Mokhtari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(84)90835-2","article-title":"An experimental basis for revising the graphic rating scale for pain","volume":"19","author":"Heft","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.12.018","article-title":"Effect of needle insertion depth and root canal curvature on irrigant extrusion ex\u00a0vivo","volume":"39","author":"Psimma","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5033","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-03814-x","article-title":"Comparing the incidence of postoperative pain after root canal filling with warm vertical obturation with resin-based sealer and sealer-based obturation with calcium silicate-based sealer: a prospective clinical trial","volume":"25","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12336","article-title":"Influence of activation mode and preheating on intracanal irrigant temperature","volume":"45","author":"Leonardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2015.02.011","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo intracanal temperature evolution during endodontic treatment after the injection of room temperature or preheated sodium hypochlorite","volume":"41","author":"de Hemptinne","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib33","article-title":"Postoperative pain after root canal treatment: a prospective cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Gotler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2015.12.002","article-title":"Influence of preoperative pain intensity on postoperative pain after root canal treatment: a prospective clinical study","volume":"45","author":"Al\u00ed","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37S","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514555144","article-title":"National dental PBRN collaborative group. Predicting severe pain after root canal therapy in the national dental PBRN","volume":"94","author":"Law","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2016.05.010","article-title":"Evidence-based recommendations for analgesic efficacy to treat pain of endodontic origin: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"147","author":"Aminoshariae","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12429","article-title":"The Tennessee study: factors affecting treatment outcome and healing time following nonsurgical root canal treatment","volume":"49","author":"Azim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12370","article-title":"Master apical file size - smaller or larger: a systematic review of healing outcomes","volume":"48","author":"Aminoshariae","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib39","first-page":"424","article-title":"Size of master apical file and optimal irrigation of the apical zone: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Aminoshariae","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.11.028","article-title":"Effect of apical preparation size and preparation taper on irrigant volume delivered by using negative pressure irrigation system","volume":"36","author":"Brunson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2017.08.038","article-title":"Intracanal cryotherapy reduces postoperative pain in teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis: a randomized multicenter clinical trial","volume":"44","author":"Vera","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/0885-3924(94)90150-3","article-title":"Ice freezes pain? a review of the clinical effectiveness of analgesic cold therapy","volume":"9","author":"Ernst","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12175","article-title":"Effect of intracanal cryotherapy on pain after single-visit root canal treatment","volume":"43","author":"Keskin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13937","article-title":"Effect of intracanal cryotherapy on the inflammatory cytokine, proteolytic enzyme levels and post-operative pain in teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"56","author":"Keskin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib48","first-page":"14","article-title":"Introduction to vital pulp cryotherapy","volume":"1","author":"Bahcall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endod Pract US"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05661-y","article-title":"Novel cryotherapy technique for pulpotomy in mature permanent teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis- a randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Akhil","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00407.2010","article-title":"Local thermal control of the human cutaneous circulation","volume":"109","author":"Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099239924003972?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099239924003972?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T02:13:13Z","timestamp":1733278393000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0099239924003972"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0099239924003972"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2399"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2399","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of Cryotreated and Warm Sodium Hypochlorite on Postoperative Pain in Teeth With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Endodontics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 American Association of Endodontists.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}