{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:26:35Z","timestamp":1789133195404,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24NSFSC3110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24NSFSC3110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82201044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82201044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470968"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470968"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","jendodon.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Endodontics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T13:11:30Z","timestamp":1728565890000},"page":"4-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["B Cells at the Core: Immune Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials in Periapical Lesions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Yangqing","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangfen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5241-2013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongzhe","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0779-5729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dingming","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13467","article-title":"The global prevalence of apical periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Tib\u00farcio-Machado","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13457","article-title":"Bacteria and virulence factors in periapical lesions associated with teeth following primary and secondary root canal treatment","volume":"54","author":"Bronzato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01664","article-title":"Osteoimmunology of oral and maxillofacial diseases: translational applications based on biological mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Alvarez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13782","article-title":"Effectiveness of root canal instrumentation for the treatment of apical periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"B\u00fcrklein","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13793","article-title":"Non-surgical root canal treatment and retreatment versus apical surgery in treating apical periodontitis: a systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Bucchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.03.016","article-title":"B cell responses: cell interaction dynamics and decisions","volume":"177","author":"Cyster","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(75)80135-X","article-title":"Scanning electron microscopy of cells from periapical lesions","volume":"1","author":"Farber","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13951","article-title":"Heterogeneity of T cells in periapical lesions and in\u00a0vitro validation of the proangiogenic effect of GZMA on HUVECs","volume":"56","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.820274","article-title":"Single-cell sequencing unveils the heterogeneity of nonimmune cells in chronic apical periodontitis","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2022.10.003","article-title":"The potential immunomodulatory roles of semaphorin 4D in human periapical lesions","volume":"49","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.17796\/jcpd.32.4.413p161370186p26","article-title":"Immunohistochemical study of presence of T cells, B cells, and macrophages in periradicular lesions of primary teeth","volume":"32","author":"Bolan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2006.01125.x","article-title":"Characterization of antigen-presenting cells in human apical periodontitis lesions by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry","volume":"39","author":"Luki\u0107","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1998.tb00704.x","article-title":"Characterization of lymphocyte subpopulations in periapical lesions by flow cytometry","volume":"13","author":"Sol","year":"1998","journal-title":"Oral Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.1992.tb00237.x","article-title":"Comparative immunohistochemical identification and relative distribution of immunocompetent cells in sections of frozen or formalin-fixed tissue from human periapical inflammatory lesions","volume":"8","author":"Tani","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endod Dent Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-64402003000300008","article-title":"Distribution of CD8 and CD20 lymphocytes in chronic periapical inflammatory lesions","volume":"14","author":"Philippi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Braz Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(06)81587-6","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of the immunocompetent cells in periapical granuloma: correlation with the histological characteristics of the lesions","volume":"16","author":"Lukic","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2023.06.006","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures are related to inflammatory progression and bone loss in human apical periodontitis","volume":"49","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf9419","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer","volume":"375","author":"Schumacher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib19","first-page":"811","article-title":"Histological and immunohistochemical study on the apical granuloma","volume":"59","author":"B\u0103nic\u0103","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib20","first-page":"35","article-title":"Evaluation of immunoglobulin G synthesizing plasma cells in periapical granuloma and cyst","volume":"12","author":"Grover","year":"2001","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(97)80312-3","article-title":"Detection of IgA subclasses and J chain mRNA bearing plasma cells in human dental periapical lesions by in situ hybridization","volume":"23","author":"Takahashi","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(98)80118-0","article-title":"Host mediators in endodontic exudates. I. indicators of inflammation and humoral immunity","volume":"24","author":"Kuo","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.1998.00160.x","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of lymphocytes and their subsets in periapical lesions","volume":"31","author":"Alavi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13464","article-title":"IgG4-positive plasma cells are more often detected in chronic periapical lesions arising from permanent rather than primary teeth","volume":"54","author":"Polanco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2022.01.003","article-title":"Local Immunomodulatory Effects of Intracanal Medications in Apical Periodontitis","volume":"48","author":"Hussein","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib26","volume":"1373","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2008.09.003","article-title":"Pertinent cell population to characterize periodontal disease","volume":"41","author":"Younes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8325380","article-title":"Production of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor Kappa-\u0392 ligand and osteoprotegerin by apical periodontitis cells in culture and their modulation by cytokines","volume":"2019","author":"Duka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2009.01.011","article-title":"Proinflammatory and immunoregulatory mechanisms in periapical lesions","volume":"47","author":"\u010coli\u0107","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.4.471","article-title":"B cell antigen receptor specificity and surface density together determine B-1 versus B-2 cell development","volume":"190","author":"Lam","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-0445-4","article-title":"Homeostasis and regulation of autoreactive B cells","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29426-x","article-title":"Glutathione-dependent redox balance characterizes the distinct metabolic properties of follicular and marginal zone B cells","volume":"13","author":"Franchina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.11.006","article-title":"Germinal center and extrafollicular B cell responses in vaccination, immunity, and autoimmunity","volume":"53","author":"Elsner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-022-00619-z","article-title":"B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures as determinants of tumour immune contexture and clinical outcome","volume":"19","author":"Fridman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2018.11.008","article-title":"Regulatory and effector B cells: friends or foes?","volume":"93","author":"Matsushita","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1200878","article-title":"Antigen-driven induction of polyreactive IgM during intracellular bacterial infection","volume":"189","author":"Jones","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib37","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunological and ultrastructural characterization of plasma cells of human periapical chronic inflammatory lesions (granulomas)","volume":"110","author":"Gasparoni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ital J Anat Embryol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(98)80175-1","article-title":"Relative distribution of plasma cells expressing immunoglobulin G subclass mRNA in human dental periapical lesions using in situ hybridization","volume":"24","author":"Takahashi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-04083-4","article-title":"Systemic burden and cardiovascular risk to Porphyromonas species in apical periodontitis","volume":"26","author":"Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1996.tb00272.x","article-title":"Analysis of immunoglobulin-synthesizing cells in human dental periapical lesions by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry","volume":"25","author":"Takahashi","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib41","first-page":"165","article-title":"[Immunocompetent cells in periapical granuloma III--quantitative relations of B-lymphocyte sub-population]","volume":"36","author":"Luki\u0107","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stomatol Glas Srb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00520","article-title":"IgG subclasses and allotypes: from structure to effector functions","volume":"5","author":"Vidarsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2017.6","article-title":"Antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity: immunotherapy strategies enhancing effector NK cells","volume":"95","author":"Ochoa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2010.085613","article-title":"Numerous IgG4-positive plasma cells are ubiquitous in diverse localised non-specific chronic inflammatory conditions and need to be distinguished from IgG4-related systemic disorders","volume":"64","author":"Strehl","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.11.017","article-title":"IgE, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils","volume":"125","author":"Stone","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib46","first-page":"191","article-title":"Deposits of immunoglobulins and complement factor C3 in human dental periapical inflammatory lesions","volume":"91","author":"Johannessen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Scand J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-117X(83)90041-0","article-title":"Immunoglobulin producing cells in human periapical granulomas","volume":"21","author":"Matthews","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Oral Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1980.tb00386.x","article-title":"Pathologic study of periapical lesions 1. Periapical granulomas: clinical, histopathologic and immunohistopathologic studies","volume":"9","author":"Yanagisawa","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.1993.tb00555.x","article-title":"Characterization of inflammatory cell infiltrate in dental periapical lesions","volume":"26","author":"Marton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1990.tb00226.x","article-title":"Quantitative significance of IgE-producing plasma cells and tissue distribution of mast cells in apical periodontitis","volume":"5","author":"M\u00e1rton","year":"1990","journal-title":"Oral Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2021.09.016","article-title":"The potential roles of T cells in periapical lesions","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100052","article-title":"Microbiota-induced tertiary lymphoid tissues aggravate inflammatory disease in the absence of ROR\u03b3t and LTi cells","volume":"208","author":"Lochner","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.7.1009","article-title":"B lymphocytes induce the formation of follicular dendritic cell clusters in a lymphotoxin alpha-dependent fashion","volume":"187","author":"Fu","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2005.11.007","article-title":"RANKL-RANK signaling in osteoclastogenesis and bone disease","volume":"12","author":"Wada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.08.033","article-title":"Improved RANKL production by memory B cells: a way for B cells promote alveolar bone destruction during periodontitis","volume":"64","author":"Han","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520952341","article-title":"Determinants of periodontal\/periapical lesion stability and progression","volume":"100","author":"Cavalla","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib57","first-page":"2162","article-title":"Receptor activator of nuclear factor Kappa B ligand and osteoprotegerin expression in chronic apical periodontitis: possible association with inflammatory cells","volume":"124","author":"Fan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101513","article-title":"RANKL induces organized lymph node growth by stromal cell proliferation","volume":"188","author":"Hess","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00261","article-title":"Emerging functions of RANKL in lymphoid tissues","volume":"3","author":"Mueller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034518759302","article-title":"RANKL triggers treg-mediated immunoregulation in inflammatory osteolysis","volume":"97","author":"Francisconi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2013.04.013","article-title":"Secreted osteoclastogenic factor of activated T cells (SOFAT), a novel osteoclast activator, in chronic periodontitis","volume":"74","author":"Jarry","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(98)80051-4","article-title":"Interleukin-6 in neutrophils from peripheral blood and inflammatory periradicular tissues","volume":"24","author":"Euler","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13704","article-title":"Ex\u00a0vivo study of IL-6 expression and function in immune cell subsets from human periapical lesions","volume":"55","author":"D\u017eopali\u0107","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2009.00788.x","article-title":"Production of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines by inflammatory cells from periapical lesions in culture","volume":"38","author":"Gazivoda","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/38210","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 in human periapical lesions","volume":"2007","author":"Brekalo Pr\u0161o","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.02.021","article-title":"Correlation between clinical\/radiographic features and inflammatory cytokine networks produced by macrophages stimulated with endodontic content","volume":"38","author":"Martinho","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12072","article-title":"Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in human apical periodontitis: correlation with clinical and histological findings: cytokines in apical periodontitis","volume":"41","author":"Jakovljevic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1159\/000465455","article-title":"IL-6 enhances osteocyte-mediated osteoclastogenesis by promoting JAK2 and RANKL activity in\u00a0vitro","volume":"41","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20111675","article-title":"B cell depletion therapy ameliorates autoimmune disease through ablation of IL-6\u2013producing B cells","volume":"209","author":"Barr","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2001.115025","article-title":"Effect of interleukin-6 deficiency on the formation of periapical lesions after pulp exposure in mice","volume":"92","author":"Huang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.2.744-750.2001","article-title":"Interleukin-6 deficiency increases inflammatory bone destruction","volume":"69","author":"Balto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4857","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.7.4857","article-title":"B cells amplify IFN-gamma production by T cells via a TNF-alpha-mediated mechanism","volume":"179","author":"Menard","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.11.1649","article-title":"Splenic T zone development is B cell dependent","volume":"194","author":"Ngo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.01.006","article-title":"Cytokine-producing effector B cells regulate type 2 Immunity to H. polygyrus","volume":"30","author":"Wojciechowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2740","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15960","article-title":"B cell-derived IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6 drive T cell reconstitution following lymphoablation","volume":"20","author":"Hasgur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxr077","article-title":"IL-1\u03b2 and TNF\u03b1-initiated IL-6-STAT3 pathway is critical in mediating inflammatory cytokines and RANKL expression in inflammatory arthritis","volume":"23","author":"Mori","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2011.01.009","article-title":"Genetic predisposition to persistent apical periodontitis","volume":"37","author":"Morsani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028003233.x","article-title":"Soluble antagonists to interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibits loss of tissue attachment in experimental periodontitis","volume":"28","author":"Delima","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2569","article-title":"Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase initiates a program independent of the transcription factors ROR\u03b3t and Ahr that leads to IL-17 production by activated B cells","volume":"14","author":"Bermejo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001431","article-title":"TLR and B cell receptor signals to B cells differentially program primary and memory Th1 responses to Salmonella enterica","volume":"185","author":"Barr","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006381","article-title":"Innate response activator B cells aggravate atherosclerosis by stimulating T helper-1 adaptive immunity","volume":"129","author":"Hilgendorf","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5459","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002795","article-title":"Type I interferon in the pathogenesis of lupus","volume":"192","author":"Crow","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/path.854","article-title":"Expression and induction of collagenases (MMP-8 and -13) in plasma cells associated with bone-destructive lesions","volume":"194","author":"Wahlgren","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2002.00587.x","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in pulpal and periapical inflammation and periapical root-canal exudates","volume":"35","author":"Wahlgren","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2005.00943.x","article-title":"Collagenase-3 (MMP-13) is expressed in periapical lesions: an immunohistochemical study","volume":"38","author":"Leonardi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12964","article-title":"Novel frontiers in regulatory B cells","volume":"299","author":"Mauri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.04.001","article-title":"The immune potential and immunopathology of cytokine-producing B cell subsets: a comprehensive review","volume":"55","author":"Bao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0047","article-title":"Macrophages subpopulations in chronic periapical lesions according to clinical and morphological aspects","volume":"33","author":"Fran\u00e7a","year":"2019","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib89","article-title":"Correlation between transforming growth factor-\u03b2 and periapical lesions in patients with chronic apical periodontitis","volume":"2022","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Healthc Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.23-0038","article-title":"Regulatory B cells induced by interleukin-35 inhibit inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in ligature-induced periodontitis","volume":"94","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13879","article-title":"TNFSF13B rs9514828 gene polymorphism and soluble B cell activating factor levels: association with apical periodontitis","volume":"56","author":"Cruz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e038","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0038","article-title":"Preliminary findings on the possible role of B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) on diabetes-related periodontitis","volume":"34","author":"Drumond","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500496","article-title":"The B cell-stimulatory cytokines BLyS and APRIL are elevated in human periodontitis and are required for B cell-dependent bone loss in experimental murine periodontitis","volume":"195","author":"Abe","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80199-5","article-title":"BLC expression in pancreatic islets causes B cell recruitment and lymphotoxin-dependent lymphoid neogenesis","volume":"12","author":"Luther","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib95","first-page":"155","article-title":"Association between rheumatoid arthritis and apical periodontitis: a cross-sectional study","volume":"5","author":"Karata\u015f","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2018.09.004","article-title":"Healing of apical periodontitis in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and under anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy","volume":"44","author":"Cotti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2022.02.008","article-title":"Prevalence of apical periodontitis in patients with autoimmune diseases under immunomodulators: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"48","author":"Ideo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13902","article-title":"Prevalence of apical periodontitis in patients with autoimmune diseases: a case-control study","volume":"56","author":"Allihaibi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13903","article-title":"Hypercitrullination and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in chronic apical periodontitis, a laboratory investigation. Does autoimmunity contribute to the pathogenesis?","volume":"56","author":"Martos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2008.01178.x","article-title":"B-1a cells and plasma cells in periodontitis lesions","volume":"44","author":"Donati","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830220314","article-title":"Ly-1 B (B-1) cells are the main source of B cell-derived interleukin 10","volume":"22","author":"O\u2019Garra","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.623944","article-title":"Epstein barr virus and autoimmune responses in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"11","author":"Jog","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0121548","article-title":"Epstein-barr virus infection in chronically inflamed periapical granulomas","volume":"10","author":"Makino","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13255","article-title":"Epstein\u2013barr virus reactivation by persistent apical periodontal pathogens","volume":"53","author":"Himi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.06.020","article-title":"Epstein-barr virus infection induces bone resorption in apical periodontitis via increased production of reactive oxygen species","volume":"94","author":"Jakovljevic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.243543","article-title":"The regulation and function of CD20: an \u201cenigma\u201d of B-cell biology and targeted therapy","volume":"105","author":"Pavlasova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-017-0612-x","article-title":"Rituximab in B-cell hematologic malignancies: a review of 20 years of clinical experience","volume":"34","author":"Salles","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-00092-2","article-title":"B cell depletion therapies in autoimmune disease: advances and mechanistic insights","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12433","article-title":"Anti-B lymphocyte immunotherapy is associated with improvement of periodontal status in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"42","author":"Coat","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345231161005","article-title":"B-cell\u2013derived TGF-\u03921 inhibits osteogenesis and contributes to bone loss in periodontitis","volume":"102","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2248","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13939","article-title":"CD25+ B cells produced IL-35 and alleviated local inflammation during experimental periodontitis","volume":"28","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-019-00470-2","article-title":"IL-10 secreting B cells regulate periodontal immune response during periodontitis","volume":"108","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.108710","article-title":"The potential effect of Bruton\u2019s tyrosine kinase in refractory periapical periodontitis","volume":"112","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02364-2","article-title":"Role of PI3K in the bone resorption of apical periodontitis","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2016.08.013","article-title":"Expression profiles of inflammation-associated microRNAs in periapical lesions and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts inflammation","volume":"42","author":"Yue","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2020.11.016","article-title":"Expression profiling and functional characterization of MicroRNAs in apical periodontitis","volume":"47","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2023.154456","article-title":"Inflammation-associated long non-coding RNA signature in radicular cyst tissues","volume":"245","author":"Bozgeyik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27422","article-title":"microRNA-146a and Hey2 form a mutual negative feedback loop to regulate the inflammatory response in chronic apical periodontitis","volume":"120","author":"Lina","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2017.03.018","article-title":"MicroRNA-335-5p plays dual roles in periapical lesions by complex regulation pathways","volume":"43","author":"Yue","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-022-02521-1","article-title":"The emerging role non-coding RNAs in B cell-related disorders","volume":"22","author":"Ghafouri-Fard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099239924005272?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099239924005272?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T09:13:41Z","timestamp":1734945221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0099239924005272"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":120,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0099239924005272"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2399"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2399","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"B Cells at the Core: Immune Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials in Periapical Lesions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Endodontics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2024.10.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 American Association of Endodontists.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}