{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T13:31:20Z","timestamp":1793280680057,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","jendodon.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Endodontics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T06:16:42Z","timestamp":1791785802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Preceding Enlargement Steps on Real-time Torque Generation and Postinstrumentation Mechanical Properties of Rotary Nickel\u2013Titanium Finishing Instruments"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Hyeonu","family":"Jo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Won","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Hong","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8032-1194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyeon-Cheol","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1097\/01.DON.0000129039.59003.9D","article-title":"Current challenges and concepts in the preparation of root canal systems: a review","volume":"30","author":"Peters","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.06.008","article-title":"Rotary NiTi instrument fracture and its consequences","volume":"32","author":"Parashos","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200003000-00008","article-title":"Defects in rotary nickel-titanium files after clinical use","volume":"26","author":"Sattapan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2012.02067.x","article-title":"An in vitro assessment of the physical properties of novel Hyflex nickel-titanium rotary instruments","volume":"45","author":"Peters","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.09.037","article-title":"Cyclic fatigue and fracture characteristics of ground and twisted nickel-titanium rotary files","volume":"36","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2017.05.010","article-title":"Dynamic torque and vertical force analysis during nickel-titanium rotary root canal preparation with different modes of reciprocal rotation","volume":"43","author":"Tokita","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.5395\/rde.2012.37.4.215","article-title":"Influence of glide path on the screw-in effect and torque of nickel-titanium rotary files in simulated resin root canals","volume":"37","author":"Ha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Restor Dent Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12548","article-title":"Comparison of the effects from coronal pre-flaring and glide-path preparation on torque generation during root canal shaping procedure","volume":"48","author":"Kwak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2003.00628.x","article-title":"ProTaper rotary root canal preparation: assessment of torque and force in relation to canal anatomy","volume":"36","author":"Peters","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2023.02.015","article-title":"Dynamic torque and screw-in force of four different glide path instruments assessed in simulated single- and double-curved canals: an in vitro study","volume":"18","author":"Thu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2004.00824.x","article-title":"Accuracy of the DTC torque control motor for nickel-titanium rotary instruments","volume":"37","author":"Yared","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2013.11.019","article-title":"Torque and force induced by ProTaper universal and ProTaper next during shaping of large and small root canals in extracted teeth","volume":"40","author":"Arias","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2013.07.014","article-title":"In vitro assessment of torque and force generated by novel ProTaper next instruments during simulated canal preparation","volume":"39","author":"Pereira","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02639-8","article-title":"Effect of different axial speed patterns on cyclic fatigue resistance of rotary nickel-titanium instruments","volume":"22","author":"Thu","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2023.10.018","article-title":"Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Nickel-Titanium Instruments","volume":"50","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12620","article-title":"Structural Analysis of HyFlex EDM Instruments","volume":"50","author":"Iacono","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13463","article-title":"Comparison of design, metallurgy, mechanical performance and shaping ability of replica-like and counterfeit instruments of the ProTaper next system","volume":"54","author":"Martins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12400","article-title":"Influence of cyclic torsional preloading on cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium instruments","volume":"48","author":"Pedull\u00e0","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13042","article-title":"Measurement of torque generated during intracanal instrumentation in vivo","volume":"52","author":"Gambarini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2005.00995.x","article-title":"Influence of different types of automated devices on the shaping ability of rotary nickel-titanium FlexMaster instruments","volume":"38","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12980","article-title":"Real-time dynamic torque values and axial forces during preparation of straight root canals using three different endodontic motors and hand preparation","volume":"52","author":"B\u00fcrklein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2016.12.026","article-title":"The Effect of Temperature on Cyclic Fatigue of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Endodontic Instruments","volume":"43","author":"Dosanjh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2016.10.014","article-title":"Influence of Temperature on Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of ProTaper Gold and ProTaper Universal Rotary Files","volume":"43","author":"Plotino","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.06.015","article-title":"A review of cyclic fatigue testing of nickel-titanium rotary instruments","volume":"35","author":"Plotino","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Endod"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099239926005285?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099239926005285?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T12:31:16Z","timestamp":1793277076000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0099239926005285"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S0099239926005285"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2399"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2399","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of Preceding Enlargement Steps on Real-time Torque Generation and Postinstrumentation Mechanical Properties of Rotary Nickel\u2013Titanium Finishing Instruments","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Endodontics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2026.10.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American Association of Endodontists.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}