{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:58:36Z","timestamp":1786993116529,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jogc.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,5]],"date-time":"2017-01-05T16:40:11Z","timestamp":1483634411000},"page":"S587-S596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Vulvovaginite : D\u00e9pistage et prise en charge de la trichomonase, de la candidose vulvovaginale et de la vaginose bact\u00e9rienne"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Julie","family":"van Schalkwyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark H.","family":"Yudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200363110-00002","article-title":"Management of patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"63","author":"Sobel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1086\/375746","article-title":"HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS) Group. Longitudinal study of mucosal Candida species colonization and candidiasis among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and at-risk HIV-seronegative women","volume":"188","author":"Ohmit","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-2-1","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for vaginal Candida colonization in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes","volume":"2","author":"De Leon","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib4","series-title":"Candida and candidosis: a review and bibliography","first-page":"124","article-title":"Candidosis of the fenitalia","author":"Odds","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02485-07","article-title":"Survey of vaginal-flora Candida species isolates from women of different age groups by use of species-specific PCR detection","volume":"46","author":"Vermitsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60917-9","article-title":"Vulvovaginal candidosis","volume":"369","author":"Sobel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib7","series-title":"Lignes directrices canadiennes sur les infections transmissibles sexuellement-mise \u00e0 jour de janvier 2010","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2013.05.2650","article-title":"Genital mycotic infections in patients with diabetes","volume":"125","author":"Nyirjesy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000242448.90026.13","article-title":"The occurrence of vaginal infections among HIV-infected and high-risk uninfected women: longitudinal findings of the Women's Interagency HIV Study","volume":"43","author":"Watts","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Aquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.115116","article-title":"Treatment of complicated Candida vaginitis: comparison of single and sequential doses of fluconazole","volume":"185","author":"Sobel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3213","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00218-06","article-title":"Genital Candida species detected in samples from women in Melbourne, Australia, before and after treatment with antibiotics","volume":"44","author":"Pirotta","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib12","first-page":"CD002845","article-title":"Oral versus intra-vaginal imidazole and triazole anti-fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush)","author":"Nurbai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa033114","article-title":"Maintenance fluconazole therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"351","author":"Sobel","year":"2004","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1086\/380796","article-title":"Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guidelines for treatment of candidiasis","volume":"38","author":"Pappas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.111938","article-title":"Efficacy of maintenance therapy with topical boric acid in comparison with oral itraconazole in the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"184","author":"Guaschino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198612043152305","article-title":"Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. A prospective study of the efficacy of maintenance ketoconazole therapy","volume":"315","author":"Sobel","year":"1986","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib17","first-page":"357","article-title":"Intermittent prophylactic treatment of recurrent vaginal candidiasis by postmenopausal application of a 500 mg clotrimazole vaginal tablet","volume":"66","author":"Roth","year":"1990","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1301066","article-title":"Use of oral fluconazole during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects","volume":"369","author":"Molgaard-Nielsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2005.12.031","article-title":"Teratogenic effects of vaginal boric acid treatment during pregnancy","volume":"93","author":"Acs","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1086\/522532","article-title":"The prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among reproductive age women in the United States, 2001-2004","volume":"45","author":"Sutton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib21","first-page":"S12","article-title":"Global prevalence and incidence estimates of selected curable STDs","volume":"74","author":"Gerbase","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(38)90387-4","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis. A comparative study of treatment and incidence","volume":"35","author":"Peterson","year":"1938","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.74.2.136","article-title":"The tampon test for trichomoniasis: a comparison between conventional methods and a polymerase chain reaction for Trichomonas vaginalis in women","volume":"74","author":"Paterson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.4.783-793.2004","article-title":"Treatment of infections caused by metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"17","author":"Cudmore","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-198007000-00010","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis associated with nongonococcal urethritis and prostatitis","volume":"7","author":"Kuberski","year":"1980","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib26","series-title":"Trichomonas parasitic in humans","first-page":"274","article-title":"Cytopathology and histopathology of the female genital tract in Trichomonas vaginalis infection","author":"Gupta","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199303000-00019","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis: a re-emerging pathogen","volume":"36","author":"Heine","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.10.005","article-title":"Comparison of APTIMA Trichomonas vaginalis transcription-mediated amplification to wet mount microscopy, culture, and polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of trichomoniasis in men and women","volume":"200","author":"Nye","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1086\/518851","article-title":"Rapid antigen testing compares favorably with transcription mediated amplification assay for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in young women","volume":"45","author":"Huppert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OLQ.0000079525.04451.05","article-title":"A\u00a0comparative evaluation of the Papanicolaou test for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis","volume":"30","author":"Lobo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02367-10","article-title":"Comparison of Aptima Trichomonas vaginalis transcription-mediated amplification assay and BD affirm VPIII for detection of T. vaginalis in symptomatic women: performance paramenters and epidemiological implications","volume":"49","author":"Andrea","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib32","first-page":"354","article-title":"Double-blind comparison of a single dose and a five-day course of metronidazole in the treatment of trichomoniasis","volume":"55","author":"Thin","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib33","first-page":"545","article-title":"Prevalence of metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis in a gynecology clinic","volume":"46","author":"Schmid","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Reprod Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib34","first-page":"CD000218","article-title":"Interventions for treating trichomoniasis in women","author":"Forna","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)78181-2","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis and amplification of HIV-1 transmission","volume":"351","author":"Sorvillo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib36","unstructured":"Sant\u00e9 Canada. Ligne directrice \u00e0 l'intention de l'industrie et des praticiens - Programme d'acc\u00e8s sp\u00e9cial - m\u00e9dicaments. Mise \u00e0 jour : 20 d\u00e9cembre 2013. Disponible : http:\/\/www.hc-sc.gc.ca\/dhp-mps\/acces\/drugs-drogues\/sapg3_pasg3-fra.php. Consult\u00e9 le 17 mai\u00a02014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib37","series-title":"Trichomoniasis","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00037.x","article-title":"A\u00a0double-blind study of the value of treatment with a single dose tinidazole of partners to females with trichomoniasis","volume":"60","author":"Ling","year":"1981","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa003329","article-title":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Network of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units. Failure of metronidazole to prevent preterm delivery among pregnant women with asymptomatic Trichomonas vaginalis infection","volume":"345","author":"Klebanoff","year":"2001","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)90567-7","article-title":"Safety of metronidazole in pregnancy: a meta-analysis","volume":"172","author":"Burtin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198009113031102","article-title":"Anaerobic bacteria in nonspecific vaginitis","volume":"303","author":"Spiegel","year":"1980","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(21)00410-1","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis: emphasis on upper genital tract complications","volume":"16","author":"Eschenbach","year":"1989","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib43","first-page":"23","article-title":"Bacteriology of the vagina","volume":"86","author":"Hill","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90340-O","article-title":"Diagnostic microbiology of bacterial vaginosis","volume":"169","author":"Hillier","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib45","first-page":"281","article-title":"Non-specific vaginitis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis: clinical features, diagnosis and management","volume":"4","author":"Rein","year":"1983","journal-title":"Curr Clin Top Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-198106000-00008","article-title":"Adult vaginitis","volume":"24","author":"Fleury","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512283332604","article-title":"Vaginal Infections and Prematurity Study Group. Association between bacterial vaginosis and preterm delivery of a low- birth-weight infant","volume":"333","author":"Hillier","year":"1995","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-198602000-00013","article-title":"Preterm labor associated with subclinical amniotic fluid infection and with bacterial vaginosis","volume":"67","author":"Gravett","year":"1986","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(84)90392-2","article-title":"Risk factors for prematurity and premature rupture of membranes: a prospective study of the vaginal flora in pregnancy","volume":"150","author":"Minkoff","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.339","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for preterm delivery: a meta-analysis","volume":"189","author":"Leitich","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198810133191503","article-title":"A\u00a0case-control study of chorioamnionic infection and histologic chorioamnionitis in prematurity","volume":"319","author":"Hillier","year":"1988","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib52","first-page":"52","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for post-cesarean endometritis","volume":"75","author":"Watts","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)91115-S","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas vaginitis are risk factors for cuff cellulites after abdominal hysterectomy","volume":"163","author":"Soper","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(94)00400-8","article-title":"Plasma cell endometritis in women with symptomatic bacterial vaginosis","volume":"85","author":"Korn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib55","first-page":"456","article-title":"Lower genital tract infection and endometritis: insight into subclinical pelvic inflammatory disease","volume":"100","author":"Wiesenfeld","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70617-8","article-title":"Bacterial colonization of the vagina during pregnancy in four ethnic groups","volume":"174","author":"Goldenberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462971920659","article-title":"The associations between risk behaviour and reported history of sexually transmitted diseases, among young women: a population based study","volume":"8","author":"Jonsson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/174.5.1058","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli and acquisition of vaginal infections","volume":"174","author":"Hawes","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31828786f8","article-title":"Intravaginal practices and risk of bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis infection among a cohort of women in the United States","volume":"121","author":"Brown","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-81","article-title":"The epidemiology of bacterial vaginosis in relation to sexual behaviour","volume":"10","author":"Verstraelen","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1086\/592974","article-title":"Sexual risk factors and bacterial vaginosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Fethers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91112-9","article-title":"Nonspecific vaginitis: diagnostic criteria and microbial and epidemiologic associations","volume":"74","author":"Amsel","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.29.2.297-301.1991","article-title":"Reliability of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis is improved by a standardized method of Gram stain interpretation","volume":"29","author":"Nugent","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03490010094036","article-title":"Comparison of different metronidazole therapeutic regimens for bacterial vaginosis. A meta-analysis","volume":"268","author":"Lugo-Miro","year":"1992","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib65","first-page":"889","article-title":"Metronidazole for bacterial vaginosis. A comparison of vaginal gel vs. oral therapy","volume":"45","author":"Hanson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib66","first-page":"963","article-title":"Efficacy of intravaginal 0.75% metronidazole gel for treatment of bacterial vaginosis","volume":"81","author":"Hillier","year":"1993","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000275282.60506.3d","article-title":"Effectiveness of two tinidazole regimens in treatment of bacterial vaginosis. A randomized controlled trial","volume":"110","author":"Livengood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.10.898","article-title":"Tinidazole vs metronidazole for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis","volume":"204","author":"Schwebke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-000-0053-5","article-title":"Recurrent bacterial vaginosis","volume":"2","author":"Hay","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S152","DOI":"10.1086\/342103","article-title":"Indications for therapy and treatment recommendations for bacterial vaginosis in nonpregnant and pregnant women: a synthesis of data","volume":"35","author":"Koumans","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1086\/503780","article-title":"High recurrence rates of bacterial vaginosis over the course of 12 months after oral metronidazole therapy and factors associated with recurrence","volume":"193","author":"Bradshaw","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.11.041","article-title":"Suppressive antibacterial therapy with 0.75% metronidazole vaginal gel to prevent recurrent bacterial vaginosis","volume":"194","author":"Sobel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.05.023","article-title":"Efficacy of vaginal probiotic capsules for recurrent bacterial vaginosis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo- controlled study","volume":"203","author":"Ya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2004.02.032","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of vitamin C vaginal tablets in the treatment of non-specific vaginitis. A randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"117","author":"Petersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)32919-X","article-title":"comit\u00e9 sur les maladies infectieuses de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des obst\u00e9triciens et gyn\u00e9cologues du Canada. D\u00e9pistage et prise en charge de la vaginose bact\u00e9rienne pendant la grossesse. Directive clinique de la SOGC, n\u00b0 211, ao\u00fbt 2008","volume":"30","author":"Yudin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065_bib76","first-page":"207","article-title":"Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. New grades for recommendations from the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care","volume":"169","author":"Woolf","year":"2003","journal-title":"CMAJ"}],"container-title":["Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1701216316396918?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1701216316396918?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T15:34:54Z","timestamp":1761665694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1701216316396918"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1701216316396918"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065","relation":{},"ISSN":["1701-2163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1701-2163","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vulvovaginite : D\u00e9pistage et prise en charge de la trichomonase, de la candidose vulvovaginale et de la vaginose bact\u00e9rienne","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.09.065","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada\/La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des obst\u00e9triciens et gyn\u00e9cologues du Canada","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}