{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T20:09:59Z","timestamp":1789762199921,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jogc.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T17:36:05Z","timestamp":1614188165000},"page":"406-413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Committee Opinion No. 415: Impacted Fetal Head, Second-Stage Cesarean Delivery"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Bloch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Dore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Hobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0001","series-title":"Inpatient Hospitalizations, Surgeries and Newborn Indicators, 2016\u20132017","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0002","series-title":"Personal Communication. Maternal Newborn Death Review Committee of Ontario","author":"Kerr","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2253-3","article-title":"Maternal and neonatal outcome of reverse breech extraction of an impacted fetal head during caesarean section in advanced stage of labour: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Lenz","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1097\/OGX.0000000000000248","article-title":"Delivery of an Impacted Fetal Head During Cesarean: A Literature Review and Proposed Management Algorithm","volume":"70","author":"Manning","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00615.x","article-title":"Maternal and perinatal morbidity of caesarean delivery at full cervical dilatation compared with caesarean delivery in the first stage of labour","volume":"112","author":"Allen","year":"2005","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2004.09.014","article-title":"Head pushing versus reverse breech extraction in cases of impacted fetal head during Cesarean section","volume":"121","author":"Levy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1576\/toag.10.1.038.27376","article-title":"Reducing complications associated with a deeply engaged head at caesarean section: a simple instrument","volume":"10","author":"Singh","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2017.10.038","article-title":"Diabetes and Pregnancy","volume":"42","author":"Feig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.04.093","article-title":"Management of Spontaneous Labour at Term in Healthy Women","volume":"38","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2018.10.020","article-title":"No. 381-Assisted Vaginal Birth","volume":"41","author":"Hobson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(84)90551-9","article-title":"Abdominovaginal delivery: modification of the cesarean section operation to facilitate delivery of the impacted head","volume":"148","author":"Landesman","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1080\/00016349808565811","article-title":"Intravenous nitroglycerin for rapid uterine relaxation","volume":"77","author":"Axemo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13593","article-title":"Comparison of techniques used to deliver a deeply impacted fetal head at full dilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"123","author":"Jeve","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2016.1256958","article-title":"Reverse breech extraction versus the standard approach of pushing the impacted fetal head up through the vagina in caesarean section for obstructed labour: A randomised controlled trial","volume":"37","author":"Nooh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004944.pub3","article-title":"Techniques for assisting difficult delivery at caesarean section","author":"Waterfall","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16314","article-title":"Cephalic extraction versus breech extraction in second-stage caesarean section: a retrospective study","volume":"127","author":"Ezra","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0017","first-page":"1261","article-title":"Reverse breech extraction versus head pushing in cesarean section for obstructed labor. A comparative study in Yemen","volume":"32","author":"Frass","year":"2011","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0018","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cesarean section","volume":"8","author":"Patwardhan","year":"1957","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0019","first-page":"187","article-title":"Cesarean section in a wedged head","volume":"57","author":"Khosla","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/tog.12112","article-title":"Caesarean section at full dilatation: incidence, impact and current management","volume":"16","author":"Vousden","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1952.63680120012010e","article-title":"Experiences with the Murless head extractor in cesarean section","volume":"150","author":"Weisman","year":"1952","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0022","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comparative study between modified Patwardhan technique and Foetal Pillow during caesarean section in full dilatation in cases of deeply engaged foetal head","volume":"18","author":"Dutta","year":"2019","journal-title":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.09.019","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of elevation of the fetal head with a fetal pillow during cesarean delivery at full cervical dilatation","volume":"133","author":"Seal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003746","article-title":"Cephalic Elevation Device for Second-Stage Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"135","author":"Lassey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1701216321000530?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1701216321000530?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T15:38:00Z","timestamp":1761665880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1701216321000530"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1701216321000530"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1701-2163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1701-2163","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Committee Opinion No. 415: Impacted Fetal Head, Second-Stage Cesarean Delivery","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jogc.2021.01.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada\/La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des obst\u00e9triciens et gyn\u00e9cologues du Canada. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}