{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T04:44:37Z","timestamp":1792125877006,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013407","name":"Medela AG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007912","name":"Australian Government Department of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","jognn.awhonn.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T20:19:07Z","timestamp":1788293947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychometric Evaluation of the Breast Inflammatory Symptom Severity Index Versions 2 and 3 Among Lactating Women"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9868-3994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Heron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2604-9649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazmul","family":"Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8464-6479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adelle","family":"McArdle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9025-4922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching Tat","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0431-7078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donna","family":"Geddes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3007-8231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leanda","family":"McKenna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib36","series-title":"Postal area, indexes, SEIFA 2016 [data set]","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s40134-025-00432-3","article-title":"Inflammatory and infectious diseases of the breast: Clinical presentation, imaging features and management strategies","volume":"13","author":"Bissell","year":"2025","journal-title":"Current Radiology Reports"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2009.10.001","article-title":"Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement","volume":"47","author":"Bland","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Nursing Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000225","article-title":"Development of a novel patient focussed symptom severity index for use in assessing and treating inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast: A Delphi study","volume":"18","author":"Cooper","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.4103\/tjem.tjem_182_23","article-title":"Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis in diagnostic accuracy studies: A guide to interpreting the area under the curve value","volume":"23","author":"Corbacioglu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2021.0046","article-title":"Use of a portable point-of-care instrumentation to measure human milk sodium and potassium concentrations","volume":"17","author":"Esquerra-Zwiers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Breastfeeding Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13093071","article-title":"25 years of research in human lactation: From discovery to translation","volume":"13","author":"Geddes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hsr.2024.100191","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors associated with human mastitis","volume":"12","author":"Gondkar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Sciences Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib8","article-title":"Effective communication about pregnancy, birth, lactation, breastfeeding and newborn care: The importance of sexed language","volume":"3","author":"Gribble","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Global Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12824","article-title":"Incidence, antibiotic treatment and outcomes of lactational mastitis: Findings from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)","volume":"36","author":"Grzeskowiak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap Consortium: Building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib11","series-title":"Examining therapeutic ultrasound treatment dosage parameters in mothers with inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast: A randomised pilot clinical trial. [Manuscript submitted for publication]","author":"Heron","year":"2026"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-025-00764-y","article-title":"Validity of an ion selective electrode for measuring human milk sodium and potassium ion levels at point-of-care in lactating mothers with inflammatory breast conditions","volume":"20","author":"Heron","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Breastfeeding Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-020-00294-9","article-title":"Exploring physiotherapists\u2019 clinical definition and diagnosis of inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast in Australia: A mixed methods study","volume":"15","author":"Heron","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Breastfeeding Journal"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib14","article-title":"Construct validity and internal consistency of the Breast Inflammatory Symptom Severity Index in lactating mothers with inflammatory breast conditions","volume":"16","author":"Heron","year":"2021","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1177\/089033449401000213","article-title":"Breast engorgement: Patterns and selected outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Humenick","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Human Lactation"},{"issue":"7889","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)90884-8","article-title":"Measurement of pain","volume":"2","author":"Huskisson","year":"1974","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(86)90228-9","article-title":"The measurement of clinical pain intensity: A comparison of six methods","volume":"27","author":"Jensen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004198","article-title":"Association of lumbar MRI findings with current and future back pain in a population-based cohort study","volume":"47","author":"Kasch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.03.002","article-title":"Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies (GRRAS) were proposed","volume":"64","author":"Kottner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466-7657.2003.00205.x","article-title":"Effects of acupuncture and care interventions on the outcome of inflammatory symptoms of the breast in lactating women","volume":"51","author":"Kvist","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Nursing Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-06114-2","article-title":"Physical therapy intervention for breast symptoms in lactating women: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2017.11.007","article-title":"Words matter","volume":"47","author":"Lowe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1177\/15568253261450167","article-title":"Interscenario reliability of the Breast Inflammatory Symptoms Severity Index in mothers with inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast","volume":"21","author":"McKenna","year":"2026","journal-title":"Breastfeeding Medicine: The Official Journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2022.29207.kbm","article-title":"Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine clinical protocol #36: The mastitis spectrum, revised 2022","volume":"17","author":"Mitchell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Breastfeeding Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.00911.x","article-title":"The important role of deep attachment in the uniform drainage of breast milk from mammary lobe","volume":"97","author":"Mizuno","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9606-8","article-title":"The COSMIN checklist for assessing the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties of health status measurement instruments: An international Delphi study","volume":"19","author":"Mokkink","year":"2010","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327574ijt0502_4","article-title":"Minimum sample size recommendations for conducting factor analyses","volume":"5","author":"Mundfrom","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Testing"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14224708","article-title":"Sodium and potassium concentrations and somatic cell count of human milk produced in the first six weeks postpartum and their suitability as biomarkers of clinical and subclinical mastitis","volume":"14","author":"Pace","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2022.0198","article-title":"Human milk sodium and potassium as markers of mastitis in mothers of preterm infants","volume":"17","author":"Perrella","year":"2022","journal-title":"Breastfeeding Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60411-6","article-title":"The sensitivity of thermography to temperature changes in breast tissue","volume":"43","author":"Potter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Physiotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib31","series-title":"Exploratory or confirmatory factor anlaysis","author":"Suhr","year":"2006"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s11165-016-9602-2","article-title":"The use of Cronbach\u2019s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education","volume":"48","author":"Taber","year":"2018","journal-title":"Research in Science Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2016.220","article-title":"Subclinical mastitis occurs frequently in association with dramatic changes in inflammatory\/anti-inflammatory breast milk components","volume":"81","author":"Tuaillon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334420907898","article-title":"Incidence of and risk factors for lactational mastitis: A systematic review","volume":"36","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Human Lactation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334415619439","article-title":"Therapeutic breast massage in lactation for the management of engorgement, plugged ducts, and mastitis","volume":"32","author":"Witt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Human Lactation"}],"container-title":["Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0884217526001863?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0884217526001863?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:53:57Z","timestamp":1792122837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0884217526001863"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S0884217526001863"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-2175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-2175","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Psychometric Evaluation of the Breast Inflammatory Symptom Severity Index Versions 2 and 3 Among Lactating Women","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jogn.2026.07.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 AWHONN. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}