{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T14:48:40Z","timestamp":1772722120428,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","joms.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T01:39:03Z","timestamp":1630287543000},"page":"2548-2561","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Growth Outcome and Jaw Functions Are Better After Gap Arthroplasty Plus Costochondral Graft Reconstruction Than Gap Arthroplasty Alone in Pediatric Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Patients: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3586-2818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajoy","family":"Roychoudhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Poonam","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ongkila","family":"Bhutia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4589-2527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamalpreet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsering","family":"Dekyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RM","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(96)80020-5","article-title":"Bird face deformity secondary to bilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis","volume":"24","author":"el-Sheikh","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Cranio-Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2010.01.005","article-title":"Treatment modalities of TMJ ankylosis: experience in delta Nile, Egypt","volume":"39","author":"Elgazzar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2020.07.214","article-title":"Outcome of stock total joint replacement with fat grafting in adult temporomandibular joint ankylosis patients","volume":"79","author":"Roychoudhury","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(99)70267-2","article-title":"Functional restoration by gap arthroplasty in temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a report of 50 cases","volume":"87","author":"Roychoudhury","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2014.08.012","article-title":"Functional outcomes of gap and interposition arthroplasty in the treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis","volume":"72","author":"Bhatt","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(69)90209-7","article-title":"The capsular matrix","volume":"56","author":"Moss","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2011.10.003","article-title":"Operative management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"70","author":"Katsnelson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2004.05.004","article-title":"Follow up of mandibular costochondral grafts after release of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joints","volume":"43","author":"Medra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0009","first-page":"2009","article-title":"A protocol for management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis in children","volume":"67","author":"Kaban","year":"1966","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2020.08.021","article-title":"Can costochondral grafts fulfil ramus-condyle unit reconstruction goals in children with temporomandibular joint ankylosis?","volume":"59","author":"Lakshmanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2020.01.029","article-title":"Evaluation of success of transport disc distraction osteogenesis and costochondral graft for ramus condyle unit reconstruction in pediatric temporomandibular joint ankylosis","volume":"78","author":"Kaur","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_141_17","article-title":"Overgrowth of costochondral graft in temporomandibular joint ankylosis reconstruction: a retrospective study","volume":"28","author":"Balaji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2017.06.002","article-title":"3-D computed tomography measurement of mandibular growth after costochondral grafting in growing children with temporomandibular joint ankylosis and jaw deformity","volume":"124","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1584396","article-title":"Post-ankylotic temporomandibular joint reconstruction using autogenous\/alloplastic materials: our protocol and treatment outcomes in 22 patients","volume":"9","author":"Bhardwaj","year":"2016","journal-title":"Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2015.06.007","article-title":"Do costochondral grafts have any growth potential in temporomandibular joint surgery? a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofacial Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-014-0686-9","article-title":"Costochondral Graft as Interpositional material for TMJ Ankylosis in Children: A Clinical Study","volume":"14","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2014.08.018","article-title":"Retrospective comparison of autogenous costochondral graft and coronoid process graft in the management of unilateral ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint in adults","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e318270fab5","article-title":"Selecting reconstruction option for TMJ ankylosis: a surgeon's dilemma","volume":"23","author":"Sahoo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0019","first-page":"e435","article-title":"Costochondral grafts in the treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis - a clinical study","volume":"3","author":"Bansal","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Exper Dentistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0020","first-page":"E34","article-title":"Surgical treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis: follow-up of 15 cases and literature review","volume":"14","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.01.028","article-title":"Condyle replacement after tumor resection: comparison of individual prefabricated titanium implants and costochondral grafts","volume":"108","author":"Tang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e663","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.14.e663","article-title":"Costochondral graft with green-stick fracture used in reconstruction of the mandibular condyle: Experience in 13 clinical cases","volume":"14","author":"Villanueva-Alcojol","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2008.07.023","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint reconstruction with costochondral graft using modified approach","volume":"37","author":"El-Sayed","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2004.07.005","article-title":"Treatment of TMJ ankylosis in Jordanian children\u2014a comparison of 2 surgical techniques","volume":"33","author":"Qudah","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0025","first-page":"261","article-title":"The contribution to success of various methods of treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis (a statistical study containing 24 cases)","volume":"47","author":"Tanrikulu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(03)90396-6","article-title":"Modified temporalis anchorage in craniomandibular reankylosis","volume":"32","author":"Balaji","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2002.0308","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: report of 14 cases","volume":"32","author":"Manganello-Souza","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2003.0418","article-title":"A retrospective study of the costochondral graft in TMJ reconstruction","volume":"32","author":"Saeed","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(99)90816-9","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint reconstruction in children using costochondral grafts","volume":"57","author":"Ko","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0030","first-page":"12","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: The Egyptian experience","volume":"81","author":"el-Sheikh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(05)80046-3","article-title":"Costochondral graft construction\/reconstruction of the ramus\/condyle unit: Long-term follow-up","volume":"23","author":"Perrott","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199211000-00024","article-title":"Unpredictable growth pattern of costochondral graft","volume":"90","author":"Guyuron","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plastic Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0033","first-page":"744","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: The rationale for grafting in the young patient","volume":"31","author":"Kennett","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Oral Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-4356(97)90554-4","article-title":"Comparison of different materials for interposition arthroplasty in treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis surgery: Long-term follow-up in 25 cases","volume":"35","author":"Chossegros","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0035","first-page":"377","article-title":"Clinical application of bone biology to mandibular and maxillary reconstruction","volume":"21","author":"Clin Marx","year":"1994","journal-title":"Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.02.030","article-title":"Transport distraction versus costochondral graft for reconstruction of temporomandibular joint ankylosis: Which is better?","volume":"108","author":"Cheung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0037","first-page":"259","article-title":"Growth of the ribs at the costochondral junction in the rat","volume":"181","author":"Peltom\u00e4ki","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(00)80019-1","article-title":"The use of autogenous tissues for temporomandibular joint reconstruction","volume":"58","author":"MacIntosh","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2021.07.011","article-title":"Does no-intraoperative correction of chin deviation prevent costochondral graft overgrowth in pediatric temporomandibular joint ankylosis management - an intermediate outcome study","volume":"11","author":"Yadav","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2012.05.007","article-title":"Growth and development considerations for craniomaxillofacial surgery","volume":"24","author":"Costello","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofacial Surg Clin N Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1992_029_0308_gpotfa_2.3.co_2","article-title":"Growth patterns of the face: a morphometric study","volume":"29","author":"Farkas","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2319\/020309-67.1","article-title":"Mandibular growth, remodeling, and maturation during infancy and early childhood","volume":"80","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2005.06.003","article-title":"Dental implants in children","volume":"17","author":"Brahim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oral Maxilllofacial Surg Clin N Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.03.035","article-title":"Development and testing of multilevel models for longitudinal craniofacial growth prediction","volume":"128","author":"Chvatal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(00)80047-8","article-title":"New perspectives in the management of cranio-mandibular ankylosis","volume":"29","author":"Salins","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2014.04.012","article-title":"Piezoelectric osteoarthrectomy for management of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint","volume":"52","author":"Jose","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278239121010016?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278239121010016?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T17:04:40Z","timestamp":1759511080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0278239121010016"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0278239121010016"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-2391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-2391","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Growth Outcome and Jaw Functions Are Better After Gap Arthroplasty Plus Costochondral Graft Reconstruction Than Gap Arthroplasty Alone in Pediatric Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Patients: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.164","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}