{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T08:29:47Z","timestamp":1793867387502,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","joms.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:57:08Z","timestamp":1792022228000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Accuracy of Diagnostic Methods for Peripheral Trigeminal Nerve Injuries: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7501-0794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Varvara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9601-2822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierangelo","family":"Burdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Gerardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Lozza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4882-7595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Biglioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001365","article-title":"Classification Committee of the Neuropathic Pain Special Interest Group (NeuPSIG): The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11: chronic neuropathic pain","volume":"160","author":"Scholz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2017.12.020","article-title":"Identifying criteria for diagnosis of post-traumatic pain and altered sensation of the maxillary and mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve: a systematic review","volume":"125","author":"Devine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib3","article-title":"A systematic review on diagnostic test accuracy of magnetic resonance neurography versus clinical neurosensory assessment for post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy in patients reporting neurosensory disturbance","volume":"50","author":"Van der Cruyssen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05615-4","article-title":"Clinical insights into traumatic injury of the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves: a comprehensive approach from diagnosis to therapeutic interventions","volume":"28","author":"K\u00e4mmerer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2018.02.004","article-title":"Iatrogenic trigeminal post-traumatic neuropathy: a retrospective two-year cohort study","volume":"47","author":"Klazen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.3486","article-title":"Analysis of professional malpractice claims in implant dentistry in Italy from insurance company technical reports, 2006 to 2010","volume":"29","author":"Pinchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002408","article-title":"Prognostic factors, symptom evolution, and quality of life of posttraumatic trigeminal neuropathy","volume":"163","author":"Van der Cruyssen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-014-2560-y","article-title":"1903\u20131977) and his classification scheme for peripheral nerve injury","volume":"31","author":"Kaya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27706","article-title":"Traumatic injury to peripheral nerves","volume":"66","author":"Robinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2025.05.020","article-title":"Microsurgical reconstruction of lingual nerve in 130 patients without nerve grafting","volume":"53","author":"Biglioli","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11091657","article-title":"Visualization of the Inferior Alveolar Nerve and Lingual Nerve Using MRI in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Systematic Review","volume":"11","author":"Al-Haj Husain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003583","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"18","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1611","article-title":"Orofacial quantitative sensory testing: Current evidence and future perspectives","volume":"24","author":"Van der Cruyssen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib14","article-title":"Ongerboer De Visser BW: Brainstem reflexes: Electrodiagnostic techniques, physiology, normative data, and clinical applications","volume":"26","author":"Aramideh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2011.07.1831","article-title":"Evaluation of tongue sensory disturbance by somatosensory evoked magnetic fields following tongue stimulation","volume":"71","author":"Maezawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2022.09.021","article-title":"ACR Appropriateness Criteria\u00ae Cranial Neuropathy: 2022 Update","volume":"19","author":"Rath","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4619","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-10363-2","article-title":"Accuracy of MR neurography as a diagnostic tool in detecting injuries to the lingual and inferior alveolar nerve in patients with iatrogenic post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy","volume":"34","author":"Bangia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.25.5.9161178","article-title":"A 6-year clinical assessment of electronic facial thermography","volume":"25","author":"Gratt","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib19","first-page":"555","article-title":"Studies for the Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests\u2013Part 28 of a Series on Evaluation of Scientific Publications","volume":"118","author":"Hoyer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","article-title":"QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"155","author":"Whiting","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib21","article-title":"The accuracy of clinical neurosensory testing for nerve injury diagnosis","volume":"56","author":"Zuniga","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04514-0","article-title":"Assessment of traumatic mandibular nerve using MR neurography sequence: a preliminary study","volume":"24","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib23","article-title":"The Diagnostic Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Posttraumatic Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain","volume":"35","author":"Peeters","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oral Facial Pain Headache"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5438","article-title":"Role of MR Neurography for the Diagnosis of Peripheral Trigeminal Nerve Injuries in Patients with Prior Molar Tooth Extraction","volume":"39","author":"Dessouky","year":"2018","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-011-0354-0","article-title":"Iatrogenic damage to the mandibular nerves as assessed by the masseter inhibitory reflex","volume":"12","author":"Biasiotta","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(05)80194-5","article-title":"Electronic thermography for the assessment of inferior alveolar nerve deficit","volume":"80","author":"Gratt","year":"1995","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26400","article-title":"Validation of diagnostic methods for traumatic sensory neuropathy and neuropathic pain","volume":"59","author":"Teerijoki-Oksa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2002.0325","article-title":"An evaluation of clinical and electrophysiologic tests in nerve injury diagnosis after mandibular sagittal split osteotomy","volume":"32","author":"Teerijoki-Oksa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib29","article-title":"Outcomes, interventions and timing in permanent lingual nerve injury: a systematic review with meta-analysis and workflow proposal","volume":"54","author":"Bolognesi","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13058","article-title":"Signs and symptoms, quality of life and psychosocial data in 1331 post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy patients seen in two tertiary referral centres in two countries","volume":"47","author":"Van der Cruyssen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2025.01.717","article-title":"Permanent neurosensory disturbances in the Danish population after removal of a mandibular third molar: incidence, distribution, and morbidity","volume":"140","author":"Petersen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2020.12.015","article-title":"Longitudinal recovery pattern of neurosensory deficit after Le Fort I osteotomy","volume":"50","author":"Alolayan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-006-0089-5","article-title":"Iatrogenic injury to oral branches of the trigeminal nerve: records of 449 cases","volume":"11","author":"Hillerup","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2007.03.012","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of trigeminal nerve injury referrals to a university centre","volume":"36","author":"Tay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13577","article-title":"Profiling thermal pain using quantitative sensory testing in patients with trigeminal nerve injury","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12081885","article-title":"Prevalence and Characteristics of Accessory Mandibular Canals: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study in a European Adult Population","volume":"12","author":"Varvara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.06.028","article-title":"Neurophysiologic and quantitative sensory testing in the diagnosis of trigeminal neuropathy and neuropathic pain","volume":"117","author":"J\u00e4\u00e4skel\u00e4inen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2391(90)90534-9","article-title":"Perioral somesthetic sensibility: do the skin of the lower face and the midface exhibit comparable sensitivity?","volume":"48","author":"Rath","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2026.06.008","article-title":"Validation of the Medical Research Council Scale Questionnaire (MRCS-Q) for the assessment of post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy","author":"Van der Cruyssen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib40","article-title":"Bioengineered nerve conduits and wraps for peripheral nerve repair of the upper limb","volume":"12","author":"Thomson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2003.0463","article-title":"Recovery of nerve injury after mandibular sagittal split osteotomy. Diagnostic value of clinical and electrophysiologic tests in the follow-up","volume":"33","author":"Teerijoki-Oksa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000583","article-title":"Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Neuropathic Orofacial Pain: Role of Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"36","author":"J\u00e4\u00e4skel\u00e4inen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A8120","article-title":"Efficacy of MR Neurography of Peripheral Trigeminal Nerves: Correlation of Sunderland Grade versus Neurosensory Testing","volume":"45","author":"Xia","year":"2024","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2017.11.007","article-title":"Magnetic Resonance Neurography of Traumatic and Nontraumatic Peripheral Trigeminal Neuropathies","volume":"76","author":"Zuniga","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3797","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-025-12167-y","article-title":"Association between MR neurography-based objective quantitative parameters in inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve injuries","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2016.01.011","article-title":"Recovery of Impaired Somatosensory Evoked Fields After Improvement of Tongue Sensory Deficits With Neurosurgical Reconstruction","volume":"74","author":"Maezawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.01.006","article-title":"How Many Oral Surgeons Does It Take to Classify a Nerve Injury?","volume":"79","author":"Miloro","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-51251-1","article-title":"NerveAI- a machine learning algorithm for detection of nerve pain in the head and neck","author":"Hazewinkel","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-37034-y","article-title":"Brain imaging signatures of neuropathic facial pain derived by artificial intelligence","volume":"13","author":"Latypov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10506","article-title":"Intraoperative cranial nerve monitoring","volume":"29","author":"Harper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278239126010116?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278239126010116?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T08:20:17Z","timestamp":1793866817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0278239126010116"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0278239126010116"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-2391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-2391","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Accuracy of Diagnostic Methods for Peripheral Trigeminal Nerve Injuries: A Systematic Review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2026.10.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}