{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T10:54:18Z","timestamp":1793357658422,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T08:06:50Z","timestamp":1770710810000},"page":"102743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A novel deep learning model for automated diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and related leukoplakia in pathological images"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Xinjing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongkun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunxin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuaichen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huawei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345980770100501","article-title":"Autoregulation of periodontal ligament cell phenotype and functions by transforming growth factor-beta1","volume":"77","author":"Brady","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_2023_17","article-title":"Relationship between type of smokeless tobacco & risk of cancer: a systematic review","volume":"148","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coletta R.D., Yeudall W.A., Salo T. Grand challenges in oral cancers. Front Oral Health. (2020) 1:3. doi : 10.3389\/froh.2020.00003","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2020.00003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034519894963","article-title":"Incidence trends of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers: global burden of disease 1990\u20132017","volume":"99","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.104551","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in cancers of the lip, tongue and mouth","volume":"102","author":"Miranda-Filho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2009.03.013","article-title":"Decision analysis and treatment threshold in a management for the N0 neck of the oral cavity carcinoma","volume":"45","author":"Okura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345221089858","article-title":"Histopathology-based diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma using deep learning","volume":"101","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"issue":"10318","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289e2299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01550-6","article-title":"Head and neck cancer","volume":"398","author":"Mody","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862e1880","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13704","article-title":"Oral potentially ma- lignant disorders : a consensus report from an international seminar on nomenclature and classification, convened by the WHO Collaboratig Center for Oral Cancer","volume":"27","author":"Warnakulasuriya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.labinv.2023.100173","article-title":"Development of a pathomics -based model for the prediction of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia","volume":"103","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2021.105619","article-title":"Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for malignant transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders","volume":"123","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881e1895","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13810","article-title":"Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: systematic review and meta-analysis of the last 5 years","volume":"27","author":"Aguirre-Urizar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047e1054","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djz238","article-title":"Oral leukoplakia and risk of progression to oral cancer: a population-based cohort study","volume":"112","author":"Chaturvedi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54e62","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-021-01402-9","article-title":"Update from the 5th edition of the World Health Organization classification of head and neck tumors: tumors of the oral cavity and mobile tongue","volume":"16","author":"Muller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947e1976","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13993","article-title":"Oral epithelial dysplasia: recognition, grading and clinical significance","volume":"27","author":"Odell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0016","first-page":"921e926","article-title":"Agreement evaluation of the severity of oral epithelial dysplasia in oral leukoplakia]","volume":"57","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0017","series-title":"IEEE 15th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2018);Washington, DC. New York (NY):","first-page":"770","article-title":"Active deep learning: improved training efficiency of convolutional neural networks for tissue classification in oral cavity cancer. Paper presented at","author":"Folmsbee","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49710-z","article-title":"A novel digital score for abundance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes predicts disease free survival in oral squa-mous cell carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Shaban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujima N., Andreu-Arasa VC, Meibom S.K., Mercier G.A., Salama A.R., Truong M.T., Sakai O. 2020. Deep learning analysis using FDG-PET to predict treatment outcome in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.Eur Radiol . 30(11):6322\u201330.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06982-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-019-00391-4","article-title":"CT evaluation of extranodal extension of cervical lymph node metastases in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma using deep learning classification","volume":"36","author":"Ariji","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04307-5","article-title":"Enhancing oral squamous cell carcinoma detection: a novel approach using improved EfficientNet architecture","volume":"24","author":"Soni","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0022","article-title":"Oral squamous cell carcinoma detection using EfficientNet on histopathological images","volume":"10","author":"Albalawi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2024.106873","article-title":"Utilizing deep learning for automated detection of oral lesions: a multicenter study","volume":"155","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38343-y","article-title":"Effectiveness of deep learning classifiers in histopathological diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by pathologists","volume":"13","author":"Sukegawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7508","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.5478","article-title":"Deep learning-based pathology image analysis predicts cancer progression risk in patients with oral leukoplakia","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shephard A.J., Bashir R.M.S., Mahmood H., et al. A fully automated and explainable algorithm for predicting malignant transformation in oral epithelial dysplasia. Npj Precision Oncology. 2024;8(1):137.doi:10.1038\/s41698-024-00624-8.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-024-00624-8"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2023.109128","article-title":"NDB-UFES: an oral cancer and leukoplakia dataset composed of histopathological images and patient data","volume":"48","author":"Ribeiro-de-Assis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Data Brief"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kashyap, R. Breast cancer histopathological image classification using stochastic dilated residual ghost model. Int. J. Inf. Retr . Res. (IJIRR) 2022, 12, 1\u201324.","DOI":"10.4018\/IJIRR.289655"}],"container-title":["Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S246878552600039X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S246878552600039X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T11:09:19Z","timestamp":1787828959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S246878552600039X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S246878552600039X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-7855"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-7855","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A novel deep learning model for automated diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and related leukoplakia in pathological images","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jormas.2026.102743","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102743"}}